辽河油田HSE管理体系运行现状分析及改进对策

文章针对辽河油田近年来面对法治监管新形势,认真贯彻落实集团公司关于安全环保工作的一系列要求,以风险管控为中心,持续深入推进HSE管理体系建设,培育浓厚的安全文化氛围,安全环保管理总体可控的形势,通过HSE管理体系审核结果对辽河油田HSE管理体系运行现状进行分析,在深化认识、规范制度、提升能力、强化培训等方面提出改进对策,以利于企业持续改进HSE管理绩效。     

新体制下的环境保护工作

１健全机构,完善制度,加强基础工作建立完善的组织机构,明确各级管理部门和人员的责任,１９９７年３月,以原总调度处安全科、环保科、环境监测站为基础,成立了指挥部安全环保处,由指挥部一名副总师兼任处长。在制度建设方面,１９９６年制订了《关于沙漠边缘钻井、...     

《注册环保工程师专业考试复习教材》即将正式出版

为加强对环境工程设计相关专业技术人员的管理，提高环境工程设计技术人员综合素质和业务水平，保证环境工程质量，维护社会公共利益和人民生命财产安全，建设部、人事部、国家环保总局决定在环境工程设计行业建立注册环保工程师职业资格制度，并于2005年7月13日联合发布了《注册环保工程师制度暂行规定》，同时发布的还有《注册环保工程师资格考试实施办法》。并于2005年9月1日起国家实施了注册环保工程师执业资格制度，同时开始实行注册环保工程师资格考试。注册环保工程师资格考试实行全国统一大纲、统一考试制度，分为基础考试和专业考试。     

国家发布《注册环保工程师制度暂行规定》

为加强对环保专业工程设计人员的管理,保证环保工程质量,维护社会公共利益和人民生命财产安全,建设部、人事部、国家环境保护总局于2005年7月13日联合发布了关于《注册环保工程师制度暂行规定》(国人发[2005]56号)(以下简称《规定》),同时发布的还有《注册环保工程师资格考试实     

论环保产业重点企业统计调查制度的建立

环保产业统计调查是了解产业发展现状、评估产业发展效益的重要手段,也是科学制订和实施环保产业政策的重要前提。现有的环保产业调查制度存在一定缺陷,有必要在原有制度的基础上探索建立环保产业重点企业统计调查制度,以常态化、规范化和高效化的统计调查,实现对环保产业重点企业发展状况的监测,预估产业整体现状,从而为产业分析和政策制定提供充分的依据。     

智慧环保建设评价指标体系研究

随着信息技术在政务、环保等领域的广泛应用,智慧环保成为环境保护及环保信息化建设的重要方面。本研究以促进环境保护部及地方环境保护单位智慧环保建设为目标,在对比之前智慧环保定义的基础上,提出新一代智慧环保的定义,更加强调互联互通、业务协同、公众服务等方面,并且明确了智慧环保的三个应用目标。基于对智慧环保总体架构和目标内涵的解析,遵循指标具有代表性、可理解性、可采集性、可扩展性的原则,参考国家智慧环保建设相关政策文件要求以及智慧城市、电子政务绩效评价指标体系等相关文献,经过多次专家咨询建议,形成一套智慧环保建设评价指标体系,共包含4个维度、12个要素、42个指标。评价指标的提出对引导智慧环保建设有序发展、促进环保信息化发展具有重要意义。     

新疆环境保护网站建设的现状与发展探讨

1997年建成的＂新疆环境保护＂网站是全国第一家环保门户网站,也是新疆第一家政府类网站,新疆环保网站建设与发展已经历风雨兼程的10a,现在正进入一个崭新的发展阶段.回顾、总结和展望新疆各级环保网站的发展,吸取发展中的经验与教训,探索新疆各级环保网站建设中的规律,对新疆环保电子政务的＂理性建设、快速推进＂大有裨益.     

机动车“黑龙”治理合肥攻略

2012年3月1日,是个分水岭。这一天,备受关注的合肥市《机动车环保检验合格标志分类管理制度》正式实行。从当日起,新车可直接在环检机构内的环保窗口申领环保标志;排气检测不合格的在用车辆,将拿不到环保标志和安全技术检验合格标志,今后将无法上路。     

垂直管理首先需理顺上下职责关系

正十八届五中全会决定,实行"省以下环保机构监测监察执法垂直管理制度"。以党的全会决定地方这一机构管理归属,旨在解决地方政府对生态环保的不当干预和一些地方存在的落实环保法律法规和政策"软着陆"问题,为"生态环境质量总体改善"提供体制保障,为"绿色发展"提供制度护航,也让基层环境监察从此"破茧化蝶",理直气壮亮剑执法,落实"最严环保制度"。然而,如何使这     

实施环保系统工程 促进经济发展——山东省三河口生建煤矿环保工作纪实

环境保护是我国的一项基本国策,是实现经济、社会、环境协调发展的必然要求,是落实党的“十六大”会议精神和实践“三个代表”重要思想的根本体现。山东省三河口生建煤矿地处微山湖畔,是省属地方国有中型煤矿,年产原煤超100万吨,年创利税过亿元,现为国家大型二级企业。近几年来,三河口生建煤矿坚持“发展第一、环保先行”的原则,始终把环保工作作为实现企业可持续发展战略的一个重要组成部分,常抓不懈。在环保工作中坚决贯彻执行国家环保工作的各项法律、法规和制度,以党的“十六大”精神为指针,以南水北调工程实施为契机,以“一控双达标”为目标,以制度建设和加强环境基础设施建设为手段,先后开展了以“完善制度、强化管理、消除污染、美化环境”为重点的环保治理系统工程,整个工程历时3年总投资近500万元。通过这一工程的实施,使矿区的天变蓝了,水变清了,环境变美了。工程的实施不仅为全体     

环境保护的公众参与现状、问题及对策

本文从我国环境保护公众参与进程缓慢的历史和参与意识日益提高的现状出发,分析了目前我国环境保护的公众参与存在缺乏相应的法律制度保障、公众主动了解环保知识不足、参与机制不健全、渠道不顺畅等问题,提出了以加强环境信息公开、环境决策民主化,建立和发展环保社团等办法推动公众参与环境保护的对策。     

Grassland Fire and Cattle Grazing Regulate Reptile and Amphibian Assembly Among Patches

Fire and grazing are common management schemes of grasslands globally and are potential drivers of reptilian and amphibian (herpetofauna) metacommunity dynamics. Few studies have assessed the impacts of fire and cattle grazing on herpetofauna assemblages in grasslands. A patch-burn grazing study at Osage Prairie, MO, USA in 2011–2012 created landscape patches with treatments of grazing, fire, and such legacies. Response variables were measured before and after the application of treatments, and I used robust-design occupancy modeling to estimate patch occupancy and detection rate within patches, and recolonization and extinction (i.e., dispersal) across patches. I conducted redundancy analysis and a permuted multivariate analysis of variance to determine if patch type and the associated environmental factors explained herpetofauna assemblage. Estimates for reptiles indicate that occupancy was seasonally constant in Control patches (ψ ~ 0.5), but declined to ψ ~ 0.15 in patches following the applications of fire and grazing. Local extinctions for reptiles were higher in patches with fire or light grazing (ε ~ 0.7) compared to the controls. For the riparian herpetofaunal community, patch type and grass height were important predictors of abundance; further, the turtles, lizards, snakes, and adult amphibians used different patch types. The aquatic amphibian community was predicted by watershed and in-stream characteristics, irrespective of fire or grazing. The varying responses from taxonomic groups demonstrate habitat partitioning across multiple patch types undergoing fire, cattle grazing, and legacy effects. Prairies will need an array of patch types to accommodate multiple herpetofauna species.     

Cyber international relations as an integrated system

The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize the hitherto separate domains of Cyberspace and International Relations into an integrated socio-technical system that we jointly call the cyber International Relations (Cyber-IR) system and to identify and analyze its emergent properties utilizing the methods common to science and engineering systems adapted here for the social sciences. Our work is an exploration in both theory and methodology. This paper (a) identifies the actors and functions in the core systems, Cyberspace, and IR, (b) disambiguates system boundary, (c) creates a design structure matrix (DSM), a matrix of the interdependencies among functions of actors, (d) analyzes DSM qualitatively to show multiple interdependent and heterogeneous Cyber-IR properties, and (e) analyzes quantitatively the differential importance of core functions as well as the impact of actor attributes on influence in Cyber-IR. This work forms a baseline for further understanding of the nature of the heterogeneous influences of the various actors and the various outcomes that could result from it.     

人工增雨指挥系统构建与研究

为增加有效降水,降低干旱和雾霾等环境污染的影响,保护生态环境安全,研制了以提高开发空中水资源能力为主要目的、基于GIS技术的人工增雨作业决策指挥系统,依托新一代多普勒天气雷达、Micaps数据资料和自动站数据库,应用Microsoft C#语言开发了增雨作业预警和指挥功能、指挥信息和作业信息收集互传功能、增雨效果评估功能、常规业务管理功能,构建了功能较为完善的业务系统。     

Artificial Groundwater Recharge Zones Mapping Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study in Indian Punjab

Artificial groundwater recharge plays a vital role in sustainable management of groundwater resources. The present study was carried out to identify the artificial groundwater recharge zones in Bist Doab basin of Indian Punjab using remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) for augmenting groundwater resources. The study area has been facing severe water scarcity due to intensive agriculture for the past few years. The thematic layers considered in the present study are: geomorphology (2004), geology (2004), land use/land cover (2008), drainage density, slope, soil texture (2000), aquifer transmissivity, and specific yield. Different themes and related features were assigned proper weights based on their relative contribution to groundwater recharge. Normalized weights were computed using the Saaty’s analytic hierarchy process. Thematic layers were integrated in ArcGIS for delineation of artificial groundwater recharge zones. The recharge map thus obtained was divided into four zones (poor, moderate, good, and very good) based on their influence to groundwater recharge. Results indicate that 15, 18, 37, and 30 % of the study area falls under “poor,” “moderate,” “good,” and “very good” groundwater recharge zones, respectively. The highest recharge potential area is located towards western and parts of middle region because of high infiltration rates caused due to the distribution of flood plains, alluvial plain, and agricultural land. The least effective recharge potential is in the eastern and middle parts of the study area due to low infiltration rate. The results of the study can be used to formulate an efficient groundwater management plan for sustainable utilization of limited groundwater resources.     

论政府生态环境损害赔偿责任的承担

政府承担生态环境损害赔偿责任的理论基础是政府对环境质量负责,政府对环境质量负责的实质是政府作为公共环境的管理者和控制者对维护公共环境利益所负担的安全保障义务。根据政府的环境安全保障义务,政府承担生态环境损害赔偿责任应以过错推定为归责原则,责任构成的核心是政府负有其职责范围内特定的环境安全保障义务,因未尽环境安全保障义务间接引发生态环境损害。由于政府未尽环境安全保障义务的行为并非直接也并不必然导致生态环境损害,所以政府一般仅根据自身行为的可责性及其程度对生态环境损害承担补充性的赔偿责任,只有在特殊情况下才承担连带赔偿责任,在政府不负有特定环境安全保障义务的情况下政府不承担赔偿责任。     

不境安全预警和应急监测体系建设探讨

本文介绍了环境应急监测的性质和特点,阐述了环境安全预警和应急监测网络体系的建设情况,从制度、人员、仪器装备建设方面来加强环境安全预警和应急监测能力建设,并做好应急监测的日常准备工作,提高应急监测能力,构建良好的应急监测体系。     

The environmental dimension of national security: A test of systems analysis methods

The systems approach permits us to analyze national security as a cluster of interconnected elements, in which the environmental dimension appears to be the most important one. The environmental problem is divided into two main aspects: environmental security per se and the impact of environment on the overall status of a nation's security. It is argued here that the quality of life and health serve as both the main objective and the principal criterion of environmental security in a social system. Indices of these two factors are used in this article as indicators of the state of this type of security. They confirm that vast areas of Russia, the Ukraine, and Central Asia (especially the Aral Sea region) should be considered as presenting a substantial risk to local people and even producing global impacts on both natural and man-made systems. Environmental factors that destabilize national security are also divided into two groups: those that impact social systems directly and negatively (mainly natural disasters) and technological and sociopolitical agents that cause indirect impacts, in both war and peace time, as well as in the civil and military sectors of the economy. Developments in the former Soviet Union (the Commonwealth of Independent States) are used as an illustration of the consequences that such impacts may have on the status of national security.     

从水污染防治角度出发的全国分省域水环境安全研究

针对我国日益严峻的水环境安全问题,本文从水污染防治角度出发,依据影响我国水环境安全的关键污染问题,即水环境质量、水污染物排放、水环境风险,构建了水环境安全指标体系。利用相关分析法、主成分分析法,简化、优化评价指标体系。利用层次分析法与专家打分法,估算各指标权重,采集各指标数据对全国31个省(自治区、直辖市)2011—2013年的水环境安全状况进行评估。结果表明:该指标体系在一定条件和范围内是合理的,我国水环境安全大体呈西高中东低的空间分布,京津冀区域水环境安全评价值较低。"十三五"时期,京津冀地区应着重于降低主要污染物浓度,削减劣V类断面比例,提高水环境质量,海南、福建、广东等地区着力于减少农业等水污染物排放强度,湖南等地区则需要重点关注涉重企业的污染物排放。