共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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《再生资源与循环经济》2019,(7)
正"废塑料液化制油技术产油率可达到80%,固体废渣能进行无害化处理,整个过程不产生二恶英,无二次污染,实现了废塑料液态制油的技术突破。"在日前由中国石油和化学工业联合会组织召开的技术评估会上,与会专家宣读了对废塑料液化制油技术的评估意见。 相似文献
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污泥资源化技术的研究进展 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
随着城市化进程的加快,城市污水处理量增加,且产生了数量巨大的污泥。如何妥善处理这些污泥已成为世界各国学者共同关注的课题,当今的共识是污泥资源化。综述了近年来污泥消化产沼气、污泥处理获取碳源、污泥作肥料及污泥低温热解制油和产氢等污泥资源化技术的研究进展;甄选出比较可行实用的方法,指出了加强污泥资源化技术研究对我国经济持续发展的重要性。 相似文献
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李瑜 《再生资源与循环经济》2008,1(6):34-37
主要考察了不同废植物的热解产气产油(液)产炭效果及不同过程条件的热解产气产油产炭效果。可用作热解制气制油制炭的废植物包括一切草木本植物,含有大量的木质素和纤维素,属于可再生能源。废植物热解制气制油制炭,可以使大量的被遗弃废植物得到充分利用,变废为宝,同时,可以帮助解决未来可能出现的能源危机,为废弃物的资源化、为未来的能源发展提供了新的方向。另外,由于废植物的广泛可取,废植物热解制气特别适用于在中小城市和农村推广应用,改善人们的生活条件和居住环境,进一步缩小城乡差距,为国家的经济发展做出贡献。 相似文献
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简要介绍了水电站油压伺服电动机系统的电动化和防止各轴承油雾、油滴漏泄而采用的刷形密封。该技术已在水电机组中应用,并取得成功。 相似文献
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城市污泥制备水中重金属吸附剂及其吸附特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验利用城市污水厂的脱水污泥,通过化学活化法制备活性炭.研究活化温度、活化时间、固液比和活化剂浓度等因素对制备污泥活性炭的影响,确定氯化锌法制备污泥活性炭的最佳工艺为活化温度550 ℃、活化时间30 min、固液比1∶2、氯化剂浓度45%.将制备的污泥活性炭吸附Cu2+,Cr6+,Cd2+3种重金属离子模拟废水,研究pH值、吸附时间、污泥投加量、温度等因素对吸附过程的影响.实验结果表明,剩余污泥对Cu2+,Cr6+,Cd2+3种重金属离子都具有良好的吸附效果,在优化条件下,3种重金属离子去除率分别达到94%,76%,81%,吸附能力大小顺序为Cu2+>Cd2+>+Cr6+. 相似文献
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《Waste management & research》1991,9(4):293-304
A flotation treatment for reducing the oil content of sludges accumulated in light petroleum separators and grit traps is described. Hydrocarbon content of the sludge can be reduced to less than 3% of the dry solids by air flotation assisted by appropriate surfactants. There is a corresponding reduction in Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Air escaping from the flotation cells is scrubbed in a bio-filter and water is purified by activated sludge or a further flotation method. Recovered oil can be further dewatered to produce a useful fuel. 相似文献
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采用振荡培养实验和活性污泥模拟实验对大豆油乙氧基化合物(SOE)进行了生物降解研究。实验结果表明,振荡培养实验中SOE的初级生物降解度随平均环氧乙烷加成数的增多而略有下降,且SOE-4,SOE-10,SOE-20的初级生物降解度在第6天时分别为97.3%,91.1%,89.4%;活性污泥模拟实验中SOE的初级生物降解度随平均环氧乙烷加成数的增多而增加,且SOE-4,SOE-10,SOE-20的初级生物降解度在第8天时分别为29.0%,81.2%,100.0%。用激光粒度仪测量SOE水合物在不同静置时间时的粒径分布及分散度结果表明,随静置时间的延长,平均环氧乙烷加成数少的SOE水合物粒径逐渐增大,且分散性或水溶性变差,易产生团聚导致初级生物降解度降低。对水溶性或分散性较差的表面活性剂,建议以振荡培养实验研究其生物降解性较为恰当。 相似文献
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采用超声波辅助破乳法对安庆石化罐底油泥进行脱水处理,进而回收原油。考察了超声功率、水浴温度、超声时间、破乳剂加入量对油泥脱水率和原油回收率的影响。采用显微镜对处理前后的油泥内部结构进行表征。实验结果表明:在超声频率28 k Hz、超声功率70 W、水浴温度70℃、超声时间15 min、破乳剂加入量50μg/g的最佳超声波辅助破乳条件下,油泥脱水率和原油回收率分别为92.3%和98.5%,比没有超声波辅助的传统破乳法分别提高了25.7百分点和12.3百分点。表征结果显示,经超声波辅助破乳处理后,水滴的粒径和数量均明显减少,说明超声波辐射可有效地改善油泥的破乳效果。 相似文献
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活性污泥吸附废水中的铍 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
探讨了活性污泥吸附处理含铍废水的吸附动力学特性及吸附模型,研究了吸附后铍在活性污泥上的存在形态。实验结果表明,铍离子在活性污泥上的吸附行为遵循二级动力学规律,活性污泥在溶液中的分散性非常好,污泥微孔内扩散效应不是吸附过程的主要控制步骤,扩散速率主要由液相向固相的传质速率所控制,铍在污泥上的吸附主要为快速的表面吸附。铍在活性污泥上的吸附数据既可用Freundlich方程描述,也符合Langmuir吸附规律,Langmuir曲线的相关性还较Freundlich曲线高,吸附过程受温度影响不大,通过对处理后污泥的连续提取实验研究可知,处理后的活性污泥中铍的主要存在形态为有机结合态、残渣态和交换态。 相似文献
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Misoo Shin Heysuk Kim Dongsoon Jang Taein Ohm 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2011,13(3):232-239
The purpose of this study is to introduce an efficient drying method named “fry-drying technology” for the treatment of sewage
sludge. The basic principle of this method lies in the rapid escape of moisture from sludge material through its pores into
the oil medium driven by the strong pressure gradient formed between sludge and oil media. This beneficial pressure distribution
for moisture transfer can be established by the subtle combination of the difference of physical properties of specific heat
and boiling temperature between water and oil. In order to determine the physical characteristics of this fry-drying technology,
a series of experiments were performed in which important parameters, such as heating oil temperature, drying time, oil type,
and sludge size, were varied. Numerical calculations using a single solid spherical particle model without any porosity were
used to resolve the particle size effect associated with sludge drying. 相似文献
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Physical and chemical properties study of the activated carbon made from sewage sludge 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Preparation of activated carbon from sewage sludge is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for pollutants removal as well as to dispose of sewage sludge. The objective of this study was to investigate the physical and chemical properties of the activated carbon made from sewage sludge so as to give a basic understanding of its structure. The activated carbon was prepared by activating anaerobically digested sewage sludge with 5 M ZnCl2 and thereafter pyrolyzing it at 500 degrees C for 2 h under nitrogen atmosphere. The properties investigated in the present study included its surface area and pore size distribution, its elemental composition and ash content, its surface chemistry structure and its surface physical morphology. Furthermore, its adsorption capacities for aqueous phenol and carbontetrachloride were examined. The results indicated that the activated carbon made from sewage sludge had remarkable micropore and mesopore surface areas and notable adsorption capacities for phenol and carbon-tetrachloride. In comparison with commercial activated carbons, it displayed distinctive physical and chemical properties. 相似文献
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In this study, landfill leachate treatment technologies alternative to anaerobic treatment were experimentally investigated. The emphasis was placed upon nitrogen removal through the use of struvite precipitation. Treatment technologies studied included struvite precipitation, low pH (acidic) air stripping, and activated sludge. Dilution of landfill leachate was used as a means to obtain appropriate quality for feeding the activated sludge process in some instances. Five main treatment combinations were applied. The first and second schemes were struvite precipitation followed by activated sludge process which was fed on undiluted and diluted (1:5) effluents. The third scheme was dilution, activated sludge and struvite precipitation. The fourth alternative was acidic air stripping, struvite precipitation and activated sludge process. The fifth scheme was acidic air stripping, activated sludge and struvite precipitation. All treatment schemes provided comparable COD and ammonia removals, all being around 90%. The treatment schemes incorporating the acidic air stripping, however, was found to be the most advantageous in terms of both efficiency and volume and aeration requirements of the activated sludge process since over 80% COD could be removed in the stripping step. Of the fourth and fifth alternative schemes, the fourth was the most efficient, providing 95% removal of both COD and ammonia. Initial dilution of the leachate at a 1:5 ratio was the least effective one, yielding 90% or lower removals for COD and ammonia. The first scheme, namely application of struvite precipitation to raw leachate followed by activated sludge with or without dilution, proved to be a practical system, providing over 85% COD and 99% ammonia removals. High organic loading up to 0.8 g COD/g VSS day was found to be applicable within this scheme. 相似文献
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采用剩余活性污泥对废弃含油钻屑进行无害化处理。考察了加入剩余活性污泥后混合物料中微生物浓度、碱解氮含量、有效磷含量、总石油烃(TPH)含量和组分的变化,并对降解后混合物料的生物毒性进行了评价。实验结果表明:加入剩余活性污泥后,总细菌浓度保持在较高水平;碱解氮含量逐渐减少后保持稳定,有效磷含量在一定范围内波动,整体略有增加;剩余活性污泥的加入量为20%~60%(w)时, TPH去除率均达到74%以上,远高于未添加剩余活性污泥的对照组(28.8%);剩余活性污泥的添加能有效促进微生物对含油钻屑中TPH的降解及氮元素的转化,添加50%(w)以上的剩余活性污泥能使处理后含油钻屑的生物毒性更低,更有利于含油钻屑的无害化处理。 相似文献