共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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发光细菌法评价工业废水的毒性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用发光细菌测定法估算了两城市污水对河道水体污染的分担率,评价了工厂排放废水的毒性,并据此确定了污染源监督管理中应优先治理的工厂(车间)废水。 相似文献
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利用发光细菌测定水体的生物毒性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用发光细菌测定水体的生物毒性苏君(乌鲁木齐市环境科研监测中心站830000)明亮发光杆菌(PhotobacteriumPhosphoreum)T3变种(以下简称T3菌)的生物毒性测定方法,是依据有生物毒性的有机、无机污染物对T3菌荧光酶的敏感性制定... 相似文献
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发光细菌法评价排污口污水中总有机污染物毒性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用发光细菌发光原理,建立以明亮发光杆菌(photobacterium phosphoreum)T3变种作为毒性测试物种检测环境中总有机污染物毒性的方法,并用该方法评价环渤海排污口总有机物毒性分布状况。测试结果显示,建立的相关方程及相关性显著性检验P0.01,HgCl2 EC50值基本在0.10±0.02 mg/L范围内波动,指标符合方法规定要求,即发光菌监测排污口中总有机污染物毒性测试结果是准确可信的。用发光细菌法评价环渤海20个排污口,其中剧毒占10%,高毒占25%,重毒占5%,中毒占10%,低毒占50%。发光细菌法能客观、快速、准确地反映废水中总有机污染物毒性状况,该方法在水质监测总有机物毒性中有着广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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采用发光细菌法测定中药板蓝根废水的生物毒性,通过试验考察温度、暴露时间和pH值等对细菌相对发光度的影响。结果表明:在中性条件下,当温度为20℃时相对发光度最大,当温度为15℃和25℃时相对发光度较稳定,不易受环境因素影响;当暴露时间为15 min时,相对发光度较低,20 min时相对发光度不稳定,30 min~35 min时,相对发光度达到峰值并保持稳定。中药板蓝根废水生物毒性的适宜测定条件为pH值6~7.5,温度25℃,暴露时间30 min,快速测定时可调整为15 min。 相似文献
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针对实际应用需要,对比研究了发光细菌和微生物燃料电池两种不同毒性预警技术对典型类金属砷离子的响应差异,并考察了丰水期、枯水期河水水质背景干扰对响应信号的影响。结果表明,发光细菌法对砷离子响应较为灵敏,微生物燃料电池法对砷离子的响应非常灵敏。发光细菌法受水体水质背景干扰大,且不同生产厂家的仪器差异显著,推测可能是由于菌株来源不同、仪器响应灵敏度差异所造成。微生物燃料电池法对背景干扰的抗性较强,稳定性较高,河水加标与纯水加标样本的剂量-效应曲线差别不大。基于上述研究结果,分析了两种技术监测类金属砷的优缺点并提出实际在线运行的相关建议。 相似文献
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双层管用于发光细菌检测水样毒性时的色度修正 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
阐述了应用发光细菌检测有色水样毒性时,水样色度会引起附加发光抑制的原因,提出应用同心双层检测玻管,可以对有色水样色度引起的附加发光抑制加以修正.通过比较单层管和双层管测定标准曲线间的差异、设置阴性对照和阳性对照评价该方法的可靠性,以及用该方法检测有色水样活性黑KN-B溶液的急性毒性实验,结果表明,用同心双层检测玻管可以有效修正由水样色度引起的附加发光抑制. 相似文献
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3种大环内酯类抗生素对海洋发光菌的毒性作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以海洋发光菌为受试生物,研究了红霉素、罗红霉素、乙酰螺旋霉素3种抗生素的单一和联合毒性作用。基于常见的3种联合作用评价方法,对混合体系的联合毒性作用进行了评价研究。结果表明,3种抗生素对发光菌单独作用的半最大效应浓度(EC50)分别为:0.725 9×10-3,1.207 8×10-3和0.633×10-3mol/L;二元联合体系对发光菌的毒性强弱为:红霉素+乙酰螺旋霉素>罗红霉素+红霉素>罗红霉素+乙酰螺旋霉素。3种抗生素联合体系作用类型的不同与每种抗生素不同取代基对微生物生理生化过程的影响有关。在选择的联合研究体系中,以毒性单位法获得参数的数值较大,灵敏度较高。研究大环内酯类抗生素对发光菌的毒性作用可为环境风险评价提供基础数据。 相似文献
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以国家标准分析方法为依据 ,结合企业实际 ,具体阐述了六价铬、铜、镍的半定量分析方法 ,该方法具有测试准、投入少、易掌握、速度快等特点 ,对电镀废水处理设施的调试测定以及企业日常监测管理具有实际指导意义 相似文献
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Toxicity testing of four heavy metals(Cd, Cu, Mn and As) using four species of tropicalmarine phytoplankton, Chaetoceros
calcitrans, Isochrysis galbana, Tetraselmis tetrahele and Tetraselmis sp., was carried out in multiwellplates with test volumes of 2 mL and the resultscompared to those of standard, large volume,shake-flasks. IC50 values (concentrations of metalsestimated to inhibit 50% growth relative to thecontrol) were determined after 96 hours based onautomated O.D. readings measured in Elisa microplatesby a Multiskan spectrophotometer. Good agreement wasachieved between O.D. readings and cell countsindicating that this new method is a simple,economical, practical and rapid technique for toxicitytesting, and provides good reproducibility of IC50 values. Results of the toxicity testsindicate that Cu was the most toxic metal (averageIC50 values ranging from 0.04 to 0.37 mg L-1), followed by Cd (0.06–5.7 mg L-1), Mn (7.2–21.4 mg L-1) and As (33.9–319.3 mg L-1).Test species had different degrees of sensitivity tothe metals tested, with I.galbana and C. calcitrans the mostsensitive to Cu, Cd and Mn. Based on these findingsit is recommended that the existing Malaysian InterimStandards for Marine Water Quality for Cd and Cu be reviewed. 相似文献
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研究了Hg2+对卤虫无节幼体的急性毒性.试验结果表明,卤虫无节幼体在不喂食条件下死亡率对Hg2+的剂量反应关系的离散度较大,相关系数为0.813~0.894,48h-LC50值为0.006~0.016mg/L.在喂食条件下,可降低离散度,相关系数提高至0.918~0.986,死亡率和Hg2+的剂量反应关系可用线性关系描述,24h-LC50值为0.008~0.020mg/L. 相似文献
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Anderson BS De Vlaming V Larsen K Deanovic LS Birosik S Smith DJ Hunt JW Phillips BM Tjeerdema RS 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,78(2):131-151
A combination of toxicity tests, chemical analyses, andToxicity Identification Evaluations (TIEs) were used toinvestigate receiving water toxicity in the Calleguas Creekwatershed of southern California. Studies were conductedfrom 1995 through 1999 at various sites to investigatecauses of temporal variability of toxicity throughout thissystem. Causes of receiving water toxicity varied by siteand species tested. Investigations in the lower watershed(Revolon Slough, Santa Clara Drain, Beardsley Wash)indicated that toxicity of samples to the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia due to elevated concentrations ofthe organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos, while causes ofintermittent toxicity to fathead minnows (Pimephalespromelas) and the alga Selanastrum capricornutum wereless clear. Investigations at sites in the middle and upperreaches of the watershed (Arroyo Simi and Conejo Creek)indicated that the pesticide diazinon was the probable causeof receiving water toxicity to Ceriodaphnia. Elevatedammonia was the cause of toxicity to fathead minnows in theupper watershed sites. Results of these and previousstudies suggest that biota are impacted by degraded streamquality from a variety of point and non-point pollutionsources in the Calleguas Creek watershed. Water qualityresource manager's efforts to identify contaminant inputsand implement source control will be improved with thefindings of this study. 相似文献