磁性Fe3O4@Mg(OH)2去除水中络合态三价铬

本实验采用一步水热法合成了Fe_3O_4@Mg(OH)_2材料,并将其用于吸附水中络合态的Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、比表面积(BET)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重(TGA)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等来表征材料的结构和表面特性.结果表明,Mg(OH)_2已经成功的负载到了Fe_3O_4的表面,对水中络合态Cr(Ⅲ)-EDTA有较好的吸附能力,最大吸附量为15.52 mg·g~(-1),吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温线,吸附动力学可用拟二级动力学拟合,随着pH的增加吸附量不断减少,水中高浓度的阳离子对吸附产生促进作用,并且脱附实验证明材料有很好的可循环利用能力.     

NH2-nFe3O4@ZnO@Ce磁性复合材料的制备及其对三氯酚污染物的光催化降解

采用溶剂热法制备了氨基功能化纳米nFe_3O_4(NH_2-nFe_3O_4),进一步得到纳米ZnO修饰的NH_2-nFe_3O_4@ZnO和Ce掺杂的磁性复合材料NH_2-nFe_3O_4@ZnO@Ce.通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、洛伦兹透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-DRS)等手段对其进行了组成、结构、形貌、磁性等表征,并研究了其光催化降解三氯酚(2,4,6-TCP)的性能.系统考察了Ce掺杂量、TCP的初始浓度、溶液pH值等因素对材料的降解性能的影响,初步探讨了降解机理.结果表明, NH_2-nFe_3O_4@ZnO@Ce平均粒径约为50 nm,饱和磁化强度为11.98 emu·g~(-1).在pH 4.0—7.0, NH_2-nFe_3O_4@ZnO@Ce磁性复合材料可以实现对浓度20.0 mg·L~(-1)的TCP溶液在60 min内近100%降解. Ce的掺杂和NH_2-nFe_3O_4复合有利于形成掺杂能级、加快光生电子的迁移能力,降低光生电子-空穴对复合率,有效提高材料对TCP的降解性能. NH_2-nFe_3O_4@ZnO@Ce循环使用5次后,该催化体系对TCP的降解率仍能保持95%以上,是有优异潜力的TCP降解的绿色催化剂.     

Recyclable Fe3O4@Polydopamine (PDA) nanofluids for highly efficient solar evaporation

Volumetric solar evaporations by using light-absorbing nanoparticles suspended in liquids (nanofluids) as solar absorbers have been widely regarded as one of the promising solutions for clean water production because of its high efficiency and low capital cost compared to traditional solar distillation systems. Nevertheless, previous solar evaporation systems usually required highly concentrated solar irradiation and high capital cost, limiting the practical application on a large scale. Herein, for the first time in this work, polydopamine (PDA)-capped nano Fe3O4 (Fe3O4@PDA) nanofluids were used as solar absorbers in a volumetric system for solar evaporation. The introduction of organic PDA to nano Fe3O4 highly contributed to the high light-absorbing capacity of over 85％in wide ranges of 200–2400 nm because of the existence of numerous carbon bonds and pi (π) bonds in PDA. As a result, high evaporation efficiency of 69.93％under low irradiation of 1.0 kW m-2 was achieved. Compared to other nanofluids, Fe3O4@PDA nanofluids also provided an advantage in high unit evaporation rates. Moreover, Fe3O4@PDA nanofluids showed excellent reusability and recyclability owing to the preassembled nano Fe3O4, which significantly reduced the material consumptions. These results demonstrated that the Fe3O4@PDA nanofluids held great promising application in highly efficient solar evapo-ration.     

Bi（25）FeO40-g-C3N4磁性催化剂的制备及其可见光催化性能

采用水热法制备了铁酸铋(Bi25FeO40),将其与类石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)复合得到Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4磁性光催化剂,用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、BET比表面积分析、UV-Vis光谱和磁滞回线对该磁性光催化剂进行了表征.考察了Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解效果.结果表明,Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解效率远高于Bi25FeO40.此外,Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4表现出顺磁性,可通过磁选分离并回收.     

Catalytic ozonation performance and surface property of supported Fe3O4 catalysts dispersions

Fe₃O₄ was supported on mesoporous Al₂O₃ or SiO₂ (50 wt.%) using an incipient wetness impregnation method, and Fe₃O₄/Al₂O₃ exhibited higher catalytic efficiency for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and para-chlorobenzoic acid aqueous solution with ozone. The effect and morphology of supported Fe₃O₄ on catalytic ozonation performance were investigated based on the characterization results of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, BET analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst supports especially their Lewis acid sites had a significant influence on the catalytic activity. In comparison with SiO₂, more Lewis acid sites existed on the surface of Al₂O₃, resulting in higher catalytic ozonation activity. During the reaction process, no significant Fe ions release was observed. Moreover, Fe₃O₄/Al₂O₃ exhibited stable structure and activity after successive cyclic experiments. The results indicated that the catalyst is a promising ozonation catalyst with magnetic separation in drinking water treatment.     

磁性Fe3O4/石墨烯异质结固定漆酶特性及其对水中双酚A的降解研究

以磁性石墨烯为载体制备了磁性石墨烯固定化漆酶,考察了固定化漆酶的酶学特性及其对双酚A（BPA）的降解效能。结果表明,氧化石墨烯的比表面积高达726.34 m2·g-1,与游离漆酶相比,经过石墨烯固定化后漆酶对酸的适应能力、耐热性和贮存稳定性均有所提高,pH值2.0~4.0范围内固定化漆酶活性较为稳定;加入变性剂尿素（1 mol·L-1）后,固定化漆酶的相对活性为87%,游离漆酶相对活性仅为63.02%,固定化导致抗变性剂能力增强。固定化漆酶和游离漆酶活性分别在45和40℃时达到最大值。与游离漆酶相比,固定化漆酶最佳反应温度升高了5℃,且在50℃时,固定化漆酶的相对活性依然保持在95.11%;25℃,pH值4.0条件下保存10 d,固定化漆酶活性为最初活性的82.57%;固定化漆酶具有良好的重复利用性,重复利用10次后,漆酶活性仍为最初活性的82.01%。固定化酶的米氏常数Km为5.38×10-4 mol·L-1,较游离酶的大,说明固定化酶与底物的亲和力比游离酶小。磁性石墨烯固定化漆酶具有良好的吸附能力,可吸附-催化氧化水中的 BPA,且石墨烯良好的吸附作用促进了催化反应,水中BPA质量浓度为15 mg·L-1时,经过18 h反应,BPA的去除率能达到82.14%左右。本研究的结果为石墨烯新型材料固定化漆酶及其应用提供了参考。     

纳米四氧化三铁吸附水中六价铬后的复合物对HEK293细胞的毒性研究

磁性纳米粒子是一种环境友好型吸附剂,广泛应用于废水中重金属的处理。目前,有不少关于纳米粒子毒性的研究,但对处理后的纳米粒子和金属的复合物的毒性却鲜有研究。本文利用纳米四氧化三铁(MNPs)吸附水中的铬离子,以人胚胎肾细胞HEK293为生物模型,通过测定细胞活力、活性氧含量以及细胞摄取量等试验,评估磁性纳米四氧化三铁吸附六价铬后的复合产物对HEK293细胞的毒性。实验结果显示:在本实验浓度和作用时间下,Cr(Ⅵ)离子能够进入细胞,产生氧化应激,并引起细胞毒性;与Cr(Ⅵ)离子相比,磁性纳米四氧化三铁吸附Cr(Ⅵ)后的修复产物MNPs/Cr(Ⅵ)对HEK293细胞无明显毒性效应,MNPs/Cr(Ⅵ)复合物在细胞内的摄取极少,只有极少数颗粒通过内吞的方式进入细胞,且没有进入细胞核内。因此,在本实验的作用浓度和时间下,利用MNPs吸附水环境中Cr(Ⅵ)后的复合物对HEK293细胞没有明显毒性,本研究为深化了解MNPs及其重金属复合物对环境的影响提供了实验依据和参考价值。