沙枣对滨海盐渍土的改良作用探究

实验以野生沙枣为研究对象,在根系附近采集实验组土样,在周围裸露土地上采集对照组土样。通过实验组与对照组的各项指标对照表明,在盐渍土上种植沙枣,不但可增加土壤中的含水量,而且可增加土壤中的空气体积和有机质含量,提高土壤中的K含量,降低土壤中pH值。沙枣对滨海盐渍土有着很好的改良效果和一定的经济效益。     

柽柳对滨海盐渍土的改良作用及其应用

以山东省威海市高区环海路上的柽柳为研究对象,在其根系附近采集实验组土样并在其周围的空白地面上采集对照组土样,测定几组能够说明其土质的数据,如土壤中生物的分类与计数、有机质的含量、土壤的pH值、土壤中空气的体积以及土壤颗粒的贮水能力.通过将实验组与对照组的比较,分析得出在滨海盐渍土上栽植柽柳不但可增加土壤中微生物的含量,而且可增加土壤中的空气和有机质的含量,提高土壤颗粒的贮水能力,还可降低土壤的pH值,增加观赏性.因此,根据所测的各项指标得出柽柳对滨海盐渍土具有改良作用的结论,为推动与利用柽柳在滨海盐渍土上的种植提供理论依据.     

河北省海岸带土壤盐渍化研究

在当今土地资源日益短缺的年代,作为一种土地资源,盐渍化土地越来越重要,越来越受到社会的普遍关注。本文通过分层采集土样,对整个河北省海岸带的土壤盐渍化进行了研究,在借鉴国内外先进经验的基础上,提出了土壤盐渍化防治和综合利用应视各国、各地具体情况而定,并指出盐渍土未来的研究趋势应以利用新技术、探寻新的改良方法及与农业生态和环境保护研究密切线合这三个方面为主。     

盐碱地也能变良田

正巴基斯坦的Bilqueen Gul博士曾经寄给我一张她的照片,非常美。照片中她坐在洁白的土地上。但这是白色的土地,不是白色的沙滩,也不是白色的雪原,是盐碱地!是没有绿色的盐碱地。这实在令人惊讶,因为盐碱地带给我们中国人的印象,不是美丽,而是愁苦!即便把中国农业近代史简述为盐碱地改良史也丝毫不为过。什么是盐碱地呢?就是土壤中含有过多盐分的土地。类似于腌咸菜,如果把蔬菜放到盐水中,久而久之,蔬菜就变咸了。同理,土壤被盐腌渍过之后,就成了盐碱地。当植物生长在这样的土壤中,你想它能长好吗?轻者抑制生长,重者则导致死亡。我国盐碱地面积约15亿亩,盐渍土5亿亩。目前可以改良利用的在1亿亩左右。过去在盐碱地区有一句谚语,叫"春天白茫茫,夏天雨汪汪,十年九不收,糠     

现代战争对生态环境的影响

战争不仅浪费大量的人力、物力、财力,破坏人类生存的社会环境,而且也破坏人类生存的自然环境.战争对生态环境的影响是多方面的,本文介绍了战争对生态环境的直接影响与间接影响,对环境要素的直接影响分为对水体、对生物、对大气、对土壤的影响;间接影响可分为常规武器、生物化学武器、核武器对生态环境的影响.     

大学生生态文明认知的调查与研究——以绍兴市高校大学生为调查对象

本次研究采用无记名,随机调查问卷的方式,对绍兴高校的在校大学生关于生态文明认知做了关于对生态文明重要性的认知、对生态文明的参与度、对生态文明的现状和满意度、对生态文明教育的认知共四个方面的调查.调查表明,绍兴市大学生对生态文明知识和重要性认识程度很高,对我国的生态文明建设持积极肯定的态度,对生态文明的具体措施也积极支...     

基于内容分析法的城市步行街旅游意象性别差异研究——以上海市南京路步行街为例

通过对景点评论的内容分析,对比了男女性外地游客对上海南京路步行街的旅游意象。结果表明,男、女游客对这条步行街的整体印象无显著差异,对各种属性的感知相似性多于差异性,性别对城市步行街的旅游意象影响较小。基于游客对南京路步行街的意象,针对城市步行街类景区的规划与管理提出了建议。     

陕西眉县集体林权改革环境影响分析

经过近年的推广和实施,我国集体林权改革制度已初现成效,但也对生态环境产生了一定影响。为了探究林权改革对环境造成的影响,结合在陕西省眉县进行的问卷调查,采用统计方法对结果进行了分析。研究表明,林改后对环境产生的影响可分为三类,林改后对净化空气和森林旅游的影响最为显著,林改前后对林业的投入是对其产生影响的重要因素。建议相关部门加大对林业的投入,制定针对性政策,促进当地生态环境的进一步改善。     

大连生产性服务业与制造业的产业互动分析

以大连市2007年投入产出表为基础数据,运用投入产出法对大连地区的生产性服务业与制造业的互动进行了分析研究。通过制造业总体和制造业内部对生产性服务业的中间需求,生产性服务业总体、生产性服务业内部对制造业的中间投入的分析,得出以下结论:在生产性服务业中,技术、金融服务已经开始引领制造业向前发展,制造业对综合技术服务、金融业服务的中间需求比重很高;生产性服务业对技术密集、轻工制造产业的中间投入比重很大,但对重工制造的投入较少,即对制造业的关键领域投入不足。     

油气管道企业HSE管理对标实践与成果应用

HSE管理对标是提升HSE管理水平的必要举措和有效手段。中亚天然气管道公司通过开展HSE管理对标,研究行业内HSE管理方面的优秀实践,与国际一流管道公司进行HSE绩效对标,进行差异分析,评估公司HSE管理改进空间,明确未来HSE管理的工作重点、目标、重要举措及实施路线图。以中亚天然气管道公司开展的HSE管理对标项目为分析对象,介绍了开展HSE管理对标的背景、思路与方法,分析对标对象和对标指标的确定,对主要对标成果进行简介,指出对标成果的意义、应用情况及对其他跨国油气管道企业开展管理对标的启示。     

石油降解菌的分离筛选及混合菌群的构建与优化

以河南濮阳油田超重质原油为研究对象,从污染井场土壤中分离并筛选出几株高效降解细菌、酵母菌和霉菌。由于不同类型微生物对碳源的利用目标和方式有所不同,而将3类不同类型菌种进行排列组合进行降解实验,最终优选出一组石油降解优势菌群。该文还利用正交优化法对降解菌的最佳添加量进行计算,结果显示,最佳接种量为X25：1．5％,Z3：1％,X18：1％,Z28：2％。利用该优化结果进行降解实验,石油的降解率在一定程度上提高了。在对濮阳、南阳和延长油田不同原油进行为期8d的降解实验中,显示了较高的降解效率,降解率分别为56．93％、65．66％、82．69％。实验证明,该降解菌群能不仅能有效够降解超重油,而且对重质原油和轻质原油表现出更好的降解能力。因此,该研究为石油污染物的降解提供了有效的菌种资源。     

改革开放40年来生态环境监管执法的回顾与展望

改革开放40年来,我国生态环境监管执法体系经历了从无到有,从以排污收费为核心内容,到以改善生态环境质量为根本目的,再到更加注重保护执法相对人合法权利的变迁和跨越。总体而言,环境监管执法队伍在全国各级政府不断建立,环境监管相关之事权与权责更加明晰,环境监管执法能力不断强化,环境行政管理体制不断理顺,环境法律制度体系更加优化,环境治理之主体和手段更加多元。     

Environmentalists and the computer

Summary The growth in the application of computers is one of the major developments of the last half of the 20th Century. There have already been substantial changes in society because of the computer, but even greater changes lie ahead. This paper defines some of the characteristics and applications of computers, as well as some of their limitations. It closes with comments on the implications of the development of ‘a new class of illiterates’—those who are unfamiliar with or even afraid of the computer as an aid in measurement, analysis, record keeping, communication and education. Robert C. Baron has over 25 years experience in the computer industry, as an engineer and as an executive. He was program manager for the Mariner II (Venus) and the Mariner IV (Mars) on board space computers. He was worldwide systems manager for Honeywell's minicomputer business. In 1972, he founded Prime Computer and was its first president. He is currently working as a writer, lecturer and consultant on the development and application of computer and communication technology. Mr. Baron is the author or contributor to six books and has written over 40 papers and speeches.     

Culture and the environment in the United States

The beliefs of Americans about the proper relationship between humans and their environment were profoundly affected by waves of immigration from Europe. Immigrants valued ownership of land, individuality, freedom, domination of nature, and technological development. These themes remain strong today as centerpieces of the American dominant social paradigm (DSP).That DSP has been reexamined and found wanting by an increasing proportion of Americans. This departure from the old DSP has progressed further among the public than among the elite who have a greater stake in preserving the status quo. Environmentalists constitute a vanguard trying to lead the people to a new, more environmentally oriented social paradigm. The beliefs of the old DSP and the new environmental paradigm (NEP) are contrasted in Table 2. Briefly, the NEP advocates stress love of nature rather than domination of it; compassion for other peoples, future generations, and other species; planning to avoid risk; limits to growth; fundamental social change; and a new structuring of politics.These two worldviews are likely to be in vigorous conflict for several decades in the USA. Social learning, spurred by deterioration of the old ways, is likely to lead Americans to a new perspective on their relationship to nature.With the advice and assistance of Barbara V. Fisher.     

Culture and the environment in the Soviet Union

The Soviet Union is one of the most physically and culturally diverse nations on earth. Its natural environment embraces a rich variety of resources and ecosystems, many of which, such as Lake Baikal, are of world significance. Culturally, it is comprised of over a hundred ethnic groups, belonging to eight major language groups and six major religions. However, two cultures are dominant: the Slavic group (which takes in 75% of the USSR population and 80% of its land area) and the Turkic-Islamic peoples who account for the large majority of the remainder. Owing to the highly centralized nature of the country's political-administrative system, however, the effect of culture or ethnic traditions in the resolution of national environmental issues is quite small. Major decisions regarding either specific conservation issues or basic environmental policies are made at the centralized level by ministerial, planning, and Communist Party officials, and are based on pragmatically refined ideological considerations, rather than on regional cultural attitudes. This pragmatic refining of ideological considerations will involve the weighing of specific economic and environmental imperatives, and deciding on appropriate trade-offs. To find cultural expression in environmental management, one would need to look closely at local projects and approaches in the various ethnic regions, particularly the non-Slavic ones.     

Mineral exploration in the USSR and the USA

This article compares non-fuel mineral exploration in the USSR and the USA. It examines the organization of exploration; recent trends in the level and distribution of expenditures; exploration productivity; and planning and decision making. It shows that although the sequence of exploration stages and activities is very similar in both countries, substantial differences overshadow these similarities, largely because of different economic and political systems and mineral endowments. However, the article concludes that we still have much to learn before making a full comparison of Soviet and US exploration.