基于WinCE和GPRS的安防报警系统设计

针对智能家庭设计了一套基于GPRS的嵌入式无线安防报警系统。该系统由ARM9 S3C2410与Window CE控制主机、USB摄像头、GPRS模块、监控传感器和无线传输模块组成。传感器检测到危险情况后,通过无线方式通知控制主机,采用摄像头拍摄现场图像,并利用GPRS模块向外界报警。详细介绍了Window CE操作系统的移植方法、系统底层驱动的编写过程、应用层软件的开发和硬件电路的设计。     

基于S3C2440远程图像无线监控系统的设计

为了监控远程无人监守的设备,而实时性要求不高的条件下,我们设计实现了基于三星的S3C2440嵌入式处理器的远处监控系统,同时利用GPRS/CDMA无线技术,通过Internet互联网实现远程无线控制.     

基于补偿模糊神经网络的GPRS无线视频数据传输拥塞控制研究

本文将补偿模糊理论和神经网络的混合系统,应用在基于GPRS无线网络视频数据传输,以阐述其在多媒体无线数据传输的拥塞控制中的应用.提出了一种改进的补偿模糊神经网络,该混合系统引入了模糊神经元,使网络既能适当调整输入、输出模糊隶属函数,又能借助于补偿逻辑算法动态地优化模糊推理,大大提高了网络的容错性、稳定性和训练速度,有效地预测并及时避免了GPRS网络拥塞.仿真结果表明,本文方法的信元失真率优于传统方法.     

基于GPS/GPRS车辆监控终端设计与实现

车辆定位监控系统作为高新技术中智能交通系统的一个重要分支,90年代以后得到了很大的发展.定位监控系统的发展主要受到通信网络和地理信息系统发展情况的制约.文中介绍了一种基于GPS(全球定位系统)和GPRS(通用分组无线业务)的车辆定位监控系统,给出了车载终端部分的硬件、软件的设计以及实际测试结果分析.由于采用GPRS网络进行数据传输,使得此车辆监控系统具有实时性好、实用性好和扩展性好等优点.     

一种基于GPRS/CDMA1X无线传输技术的煤矿安全监控系统

文章通过对监控和网络技术发展的分析,结合当前煤矿安全监控的现状,提出了一种以GPRS/CDMA1X为无线网络传输介质、能够代表现代网络新技术的发展趋势、具有丰富实用价值、性能可靠、性价比很高的远距离无线监控思路.     

基于图像报警的无线数字家庭安防系统的研究

针对现有安防系统报警方式的弊端,提出了基于图像报警的无线数字家庭安防方案.通过配备摄像头,系统自动进行拍照,将报警图片存储到本地的同时通过GPRS发送到主人手机.该系统的设计所应用的移动网络不会被破坏,克服了现有电话报警产品的可能延误警情、向用户提供信息有限等缺点.     

危险化学品生产储存运输安全监控系统研究与应用

提出了基于GIS、GPS、GPRS和无线传感网络技术的危险化学品生产储存运输安全监控系统结构及该系统的软件架构和功能设计,介绍了系统在大连某特种气体有限公司的应用情况。该系统利用无线传感网络技术对危险化学品生产储存场所进行实时监控预警,利用GPS和GPRS技术对运输车辆进行跟踪和监控,利用地理信息系统实现对危险化学品生产储存场所及运输车辆信息的查询检索、综合分析、动态管理等功能,从而为危险化学品储存场所安全监测提供科学依据,对抑制事故发生或减少事故伤损范围具有重要的现实意义。     

基于通用无线分组业务(GPRS)的油田生产安全监控系统

笔者以油田安全监控系统研发为背景,阐述GPRS(通用无线分组业务)技术的特点及安全监控系统的作用,提出基于GPRS的油田生产安全监控系统的技术方案,系统组成和监控软件的设计,由现场监控终端、GPRS网络、监控中心服务器构成的系统。对油井、抽油机、计量站点的工艺参数,设备工作状态,泄漏,防盗等实现远程监控。该系统在油田生产安全中发挥重要作用,具有实用价值和推广意义。     

基于无线传感网络的安全监控系统应用研究

对某特种气体厂生产过程中潜在的危险有害因素进行了辨识分析,提出了相应的对策措施,提出了基于MEMS传感器、无线传感网络和3G（GIS、GPS、GPRS）技术的安全监控系统方案,包括安全监控系统架构、MEMS传感器和无线传感网络节点的设置方案、无线传感网络接入和通信机制和安全监控系统的软件功能。所提的技术方案已在该特种气体厂进行示范应用,取得良好运行效果。     

基于GPRS/GPS的客车超载远程监控终端设计

客车超载频频引发的重特大交通事故使客运超载成为亟待解决的具有重大现实意义的课题.本文在客车超载智能检测基础上,利用GPRS无线通讯技术和GPS定位技术.完成对客车超载、超速、路线等信息的实时记录和无线传输,实现对营运客车的远程、实时监控,满足了对客车超栽综合管理的要求.同时,系统采用模块化设计,容易进行新业务的扩展.     

油浸变压器排油注氮装置在500kV变电站的设计与应用

在分析500kV变电站主变压器消防系统的现状,比较3类消防系统优缺点的基础上,详细论述了主变排油注氮装置的结构组成、工作原理、参数计算、控制系统设计以及需要注意的事项等,为下一步排油注氮装置的推广应用打下基础.     

HAZOP结合What-if方法在某延迟焦化装置除焦中的应用

为克服传统危险与可操作性（HAZOP）定性分析方法在复杂操作、间歇作业等过程中使用的局限性,提出在传统HAZOP定性分析方法的基础上结合What-if（故障假设）方法,对人的不安全行为和操作规程不完备所导致的风险后果分析作出补充。详细说明其技术原理、工作流程等使用细节,系统阐述该方法与传统HAZOP定性分析方法的区别,并在某延迟焦化装置的除焦操作的风险分析中应用。经分析,识别出在“给水-泡焦”节点,有“操作规程错误”场景2项,“操作规程不具体”场景1项,不存在“操作人员未按操作规程执行”场景。研究结果表明:本文方法有效且具有较好效果,可以广泛应用于操作规程/作业指导书审查、作业过程隐患排查等方面,帮助企业开展操作层面的风险识别与管理,提升企业的生产安全水平。     

Nighttime pedestrian fatalities: A comprehensive examination of infrastructure,user, vehicle,and situational factors

Introduction: Pedestrian fatalities in the United States increased 45.5% between 2009 and 2017. More than 85% of those additional pedestrian fatalities occurred at night. Method: We examine Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data for fatal pedestrian crashes that occurred in the dark between 2002 and 2017. Within-variable and before/after examinations of crashes in terms of infrastructure, user, vehicle, and situational characteristics are performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-sample t-tests. We model changes in crash characteristic proportions between 2002–2009 and 2010–2017 using linear regressions and test for autocorrelation with Breusch-Godfrey tests. Results: The increase in fatal nighttime pedestrian crashes is most strongly correlated with infrastructure factors: non-intersection unmarked locations (saw 80.8% of additional fatalities); 40–45 mph roads (54.6%); five-lane roads (40.7%); urban (99.7%); and arterials (81.1%). In addition, SUVs were involved in 39.7% of additional fatalities, overrepresenting their share of the fleet. Increased pedestrian alcohol and drug involvement warrant further investigation. The age of pedestrians killed increased more (18.1%) than the national average (3.2%). Conclusions: By identifying factors related to the increase in nighttime pedestrian fatalities, this work constitutes a vital first step in making our streets safer for pedestrians. Practical Applications: More research is needed to understand the efficacy of different solutions, but this paper provides guidance for such future research. Engineering solutions such as road diets or traffic calming may be used to improve identified infrastructure issues by reducing vehicle speeds and road widths. Rethinking vehicle design, especially high front profiles, may improve vehicle issues. However, the problems giving rise to these pedestrian fatalities are likely a result of not only engineering issues but also interrelated social and political factors. Solutions may be correspondingly comprehensive, employing non-linear, systems-based approaches such as Safe Systems.     

潞安矿区煤层渗透率的各向异性特征实验研究

为了研究原位煤体渗透性的各向异性特征,以山西潞安常村矿3号煤层圆柱试样为对象,利用TCQT-Ⅲ型低渗煤层气相驱替增产试验装置,对煤样进行加载,并以氮气注入压力2.0 MPa的条件下,分析垂直层理和平行层理2个方向的煤体变形和渗透率变化特征。实验结果表明:煤样在加载过程中,平行和垂直层理煤样渗透率均随着有效应力的增大而减小,平行层理方向的渗透率始终大于垂直层理方向,应力加载初期渗透率急剧下降,最后逐渐趋于平缓;径向应变的增加量与渗透率呈正相关性,且平行层理相关性大于垂直层理;沿平行层理方向的裂隙度大于沿垂直层理方向,沿垂直层理方向的应变量大于沿平行层理方向;应变增加量均随有效应力的增加而逐渐减小。研究结果可为煤层井网布置及优化提供参考。     

森林地表火蔓延模拟方法及其计算机实现

进行了森林火蔓延的研究,对传统的经验公式和模型进行改进,明显发现改进的模型有更好的结果,用计算机巧妙准确地实现了模拟模型,在风力不是特别大,地形变化不是特别剧烈时,该模型有较高精度;并结合火蔓延的主要因素（气象因子、气候、地形等）,进行系统分析,写出算地,编制实现地表火蔓延的预测预报计算机系统软件。这对于有效的组织扑救、减少火灾损失、计算森林火灾的损失评估有重要意义。     

Footedness and Mounting—Short Review and Two Case Studies

Footedness is a personal quality like handedness. Footedness may be associated with moving ability during mounting, dismounting, and jumping movements. Occupational accidents have occurred during movement at different working levels, during the use of access and exit systems, and during the mounting of vehicles. Aging can also affect accident risk and body laterality. For example, falling accidents on stairs are common among the elderly. One reason for accidents may be that the structure of the access system or stair system is unsuitable for individual moving patterns depending partly on body laterality. Footedness and the way the feet are used may be contradictory to the demands of the moving situation, especially during uncommon or rapid situations. This contradiction may trigger disturbance during moving. The aims of this pilot study were (a) to review the literature briefly and (b) to describe the use of the dominant and nondominant foot by farmers and the elderly when mounting a tractor and stairs, respectively. The study also gives ideas for future studies based on both (a) and (b).     

AHP与GA-SVM耦合模型在滑坡预警中的应用*

为了减少滑坡造成的损失,提高滑坡预测的准确性,通过搭建灾害模拟平台获得滑坡的实验数据,在获得多组模拟实验数据后,分析各变量的特性。首先,通过层次分析(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)算法,对滑坡进行危险度划分;然后,通过支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)建立模型,遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)再优化SVM参数,提出1种层次分析法与GA-SVM相耦合的模型。研究结果表明:AHP方法划分后的数据,通过GA与SVM结合建立的模型精度较好,实验预测结果与实际结果较为吻合,与单一SVM相比,精度更高,结果更好,更加适用于多变量的复杂非线性滑坡预警。     

Debunking the false dichotomy of leadership idealism and pragmatism: Critical evaluation and support of newer genre leadership theories

Leadership theories have shifted over the last few decades from a focus on managerial functions and economic leader–follower exchanges toward greater focus on the interpersonal dynamics occurring within the leadership process. Theories such as transformational, ethical, authentic, and other “newer genre” theories were created to address neglected topics such as leader vision and inspirational messages, transparency, emotional effects, morality, individualized attention, and intellectual stimulation. Critiques of these theories, however, have been raised. In this paper, we address five of those critiques and argue for the validity and practical effectiveness of the new genre theories. Further, we describe how newer genre leadership research should be viewed as a performative epistemology, entailing a process of co‐creation involving scholars and practitioners. Finally, from this view, we provide general ideas for leader development. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Occupational Safety and Health in Finland

In Finland, occupational safety is the responsibility of the employer, while the occupational safety and health laws are enforced by the Labour Inspection Service, an organization of the state. The Labour Inspection is divided in 11 administrative districts, and it employs 360 professionals. They are mandated to carry out site visits without prearranged appointments to inspect safe work situations, working hours, construction safety, or any aspect of accident risks. The inspectors are also mandated to verify the existence of sufficient occupational health services as prescribed by the Occupational Health Services Act for all employees. The occupational health services are typically provided by enterprise-owned medical departments, by mutually owned health care centers, by private practitioners, or by municipal health care centers. The latter are required by law to provide all services as prescribed by the legislation to anyone who comes to the facility. This situation is prevalent in the countryside, where there are very few private caregiving centers. Declaring occupational accidents and disease cases is mandatory, and the Inspection districts examine all accidents to establish causes and consequences, and to initiate prosecution in case of criminal negligence. Labour Inspection Districts are also notified of the new occupational disease cases as they are declared to insurance companies. Insurance for occupational disease, accidents, and death is an obligation of the employer, although they can choose the insurance company. The medical confidentiality between the workers and their occupational health care providers is very strict. Official statistics are maintained by the state Statistics Finland organization, and they may be used, for example, for research purposes by scientific institutes like the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Construction industry accounts for 25% of all fatal accidents (120 cases per 1 million working hours), followed by mechanical, wood, metal, machinery, and pulp and paper industry (10% each of fatal accidents) with rates ranging from 100–160 cases per 1 million working hours. There are some 5,000 occupational disease cases per year (rate 22/10,000 employed). The major disease categories include repetitive strain injuries (1,300 cases), respiratory allergies (600 cases), occupational skin diseases (1,000 cases), and 900 cases of noise-caused hearing loss. In 1998, 589 cases of asbestos-related diseases were reported.     

公路隧道火灾逃生疏散研究

以苍岭隧道为背景,首先采用经验计算理论和计算软件building EXODUS相结合的方式,从被困人员的安全疏散时间、高温烟气的影响、隧道横通道的利用率以及人员的疏散行为特性进行了研究。结果表明:中小规模火灾情况下的安全疏散时间控制在8 min之内,高温烟气影响不大,但横通道的利用率不平均,且人员疏散路线相对集中。然后对存在的逃生疏散问题提出针对性建议以及其他相关建议,旨在为更大程度降低事故的严重性和经济财产损失。