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1.
The distributions of ARGs were monitored in a WWTP in Harbin during six months. CASS had the best removal efficacy of ARGs compared to other processes in the WWTP. UV disinfection could effectively control the HGT. AGAC significantly remove ARGs and organics due to its high absorption capacity. Combination of ozone and AGAC significantly improve removal of ARGs and organics. ![]() Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose a serious threat to public health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are essential for controlling the release of ARGs into the environment. This study investigated ARG distribution at every step in the treatment process of a municipal WWTP located in Harbin for six consecutive months. Changes in ARG distribution involved in two advanced secondary effluent treatment processes, ozonation and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption, were analyzed. Biological treatment resulted in the highest ARG removal (0.76–1.94 log reduction), followed by ultraviolet (UV) disinfection (less than 0.5-log reduction). Primary treatment could not significantly remove ARGs. ARG removal efficiency increased with an increase in the ozone dose below 40 mg/L. However, amorphous GAC (AGAC) adsorption with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 h showed better removal of ARGs, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) than ozonation at a 60 mg/L dose. UV treatment could efficiently reduce the relative ARG abundance, despite presenting the lowest efficiency for the reduction of absolute ARG abundance compared with GAC and ozone treatments. The combination of ozone and AGAC can significantly improve the removal of ARGs, TOC, TN and TP. These results indicate that a treatment including biological processing, ozonation, and AGAC adsorption is a promising strategy for removing ARGs and refractory organic substances from sewage. 相似文献
2.
抗性基因是与抗生素的滥用密切关联的一种新型环境污染物.DNA作为抗性基因的载体,其在环境中的赋存、迁移与水平转移对于环境中抗药性的传播十分重要.基于文献,本文针对与抗药性传播密切关联的各个环节,系统讨论了环境因子对DNA分子的损伤、保护和修复等影响DNA的赋存与归趋的机制,DNA吸附、解吸与迁移等影响其在环境中移动性的机制,以及水平转移等引发细菌产生抗药性的机制.文末提出了值得进一步研究的科学问题. 相似文献
3.
● Abundance of MAGs carrying ARG-VF pairs unchanged in rivers after WWTP upgrade. ● Upgrade of WWTPs significantly reduced diversity of pathogenic genera in rivers. ● Upgrade of WWTPs reduced most VF (ARG) types carried by potential pathogens in rivers. ● Upgrade of WWTPs narrowed the pathogenic host ranges of ARGs and VFs in rivers. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with additional tertiary ultrafiltration membranes and ozonation treatment can improve water quality in receiving rivers. However, the impacts of WWTP upgrade (WWTP-UP) on pathogens carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) in rivers remain poorly understood. In this study, ARGs, VFs, and their pathogenic hosts were investigated in three rivers impacted by large-scale WWTP-UP. A five-year sampling campaign covered the periods before and after WWTP-UP. Results showed that the abundance of total metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) containing both ARGs and VFs in receiving rivers did not decrease substantially after WWTP-UP, but the abundance of MAGs belonging to pathogenic genera that contain both ARGs and VFs (abbreviated as PAVs) declined markedly. Genome-resolved metagenomics further revealed that WWTP-UP not only reduced most types of VFs and ARGs in PAVs, but also effectively eliminated efflux pump and nutritional VFs carried by PAVs in receiving rivers. WWTP-UP narrowed the pathogenic host ranges of ARGs and VFs and mitigated the co-occurrence of ARGs and VFs in receiving rivers. These findings underline the importance of WWTP-UP for the alleviation of pathogens containing both ARGs and VFs in receiving rivers. 相似文献
4.
环境中低浓度抗生素的持续存在导致细菌抗性增强,严重威胁生态与人类健康.污水处理厂接收各污染源排放的抗性基因(ARGs),并通过不同途径排放到自然水体和土壤中,是环境中主要的抗性基因排放源.本文总结了近来污水处理厂中抗性基因分布和去除研究进展.已有的研究表明,污水处理厂中抗性基因的分布与抗性基因种类、区域以及抗生素浓度有关,抗性基因的去除效果与工艺有很大关系,甚至受系统参数影响,而传统污水处理系统去除效果不佳.最后,对污水处理厂抗生素抗性基因研究进行了展望. 相似文献
5.
抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)在饮用水系统中的传播和扩散已成为全球公共健康的主要威胁之一.饮用水厂处理工艺对抗生素抗性基因的去除效果对保证饮用水水质安全具有重要意义,但是水处理工艺、消毒方式以及管网输配系统对不同抗生素抗性基因的影响差异较大.本文在总结了大量文献的基础上,阐述了饮用水系统中抗生素抗性基因的污染特征,综述了臭氧、混凝、砂滤、生物活性炭以及氯消毒和超滤膜等不同水处理工艺对抗生素抗性基因去除的影响及其机理. 相似文献
6.
抗生素的长期滥用导致大量耐药菌的出现,并加剧抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)在不同环境介质中传播扩散,对人类和动物健康造成潜在威胁.作为一种新型污染物,ARGs已经成为近年来环境研究领域的热点之一.然而目前多数研究关注的是水、土壤和沉积物中的ARGs,国内外对空气中ARGs的研究相对较少且零散.本文综述了空气中ARGs的国内外研究现状,并探讨了空气中ARGs样品的采集和检测方法,旨在为空气中ARGs的研究提供科学依据和技术策略. 相似文献
7.
我国畜禽养殖废水灌溉农田广为应用,其中携带的抗生素耐药基因(ARGs)给环境及人类健康带来了潜在的危害,亟需了解畜禽养殖场周边蔬菜地生食蔬菜可食部ARGs的赋存特性.本文选取北京地区畜禽场周边农田中10份蔬菜样品,采用非细菌培养方法直接提取细菌总DNA,通过PCR扩增,考察了5类(磺胺类、四环素类、大环内酯类、氯霉素类、喹诺酮类)ARGs的赋存特性.结果表明,蔬菜样品残留的磺胺类ARGs、四环素类ARGs存在范围最广(蔬菜表面、内部的检出率分别为100%、70%),喹诺酮类ARGs次之(蔬菜表面、内部的检出率分别为100%、60%).无论在种类还是数量,蔬菜样品表面携带的ARGs均比内部丰富;并且蔬菜样品表面及内部均检出已被禁用多年的氯霉素类ARGs(cmlA).这说明畜禽养殖场周边蔬菜地生食蔬菜可食部分残留ARGs严重,可能会导致生食蔬菜大量附生及内生细菌的耐药,并通过食物链危害人类健康,应引起高度重视. 相似文献
8.
畜禽粪肥进入土壤会促进抗生素耐药性的传播,在传播过程中一旦人类致病菌获得抗生素耐药性,将对人类健康造成巨大威胁。本研究采用高通量测序技术,探究施加猪粪或鸡粪肥后紫色土中致病菌水平及其与抗生素抗性基因的共生关系。结果表明,与未施肥土壤相比,施加粪肥可明显改变土壤细菌群落结构。施加猪粪土壤中的致病菌丰度显著高于施加鸡粪土壤与未施肥土壤。施加粪肥后土壤中致病菌丰度随培养时间增加而减少,可能与土壤生态系统本身的自我净化功能有关。羊布鲁氏杆菌、毕氏梭菌、产气荚膜梭菌与多种抗生素抗性基因显著相关。致病菌相对丰度变化与细菌群落结构有显著相关关系( P<0.01)。细菌群落与土壤理化性质对致病菌相对丰度变化的解释率可达70.6%,可知二者是造成致病菌相对丰度变化的主要因素。综上所述,施加畜禽粪便可增加土壤中致病菌丰度与多样性,同时致病菌与多种抗生素抗性基因存在共生关系。 相似文献
9.
污水处理厂是向水环境中传播抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs)的热点。与城镇污水相比,工业园区废水成分复杂、污染物浓度高,更有利于ARGs的增殖和扩散。为探究不同类型废水环境的ARGs组成特征和潜在的传播风险,采用宏基因组学技术分别对城镇生活污水处理系统(W1-SD)、工业园区废水处理系统(W1-SI)和2个城镇综合污水处理系统(W2-LH1和W2-LH2)进行取样调查。结果显示,多重耐药类、磺胺类、氨基糖苷类和杆菌肽类抗性基因是废水环境中的主要耐药类型,Ⅰ型整合子、转座酶基因等可移动遗传元件(MGEs)对 sul1、 aadA和 ereA等基因亚型的增殖扩散发挥了关键作用,通过序列分型发现质粒型ARGs的相对丰度更高,尤其是在进水样品中,氨基糖苷类和磺胺类等抗性基因是主要的质粒型ARGs;污水处理过程削减了ARGs多样性,且经过二次沉淀工艺,ARGs丰度均明显降低,但在W1-SI和W2-LH2中,后续的深度处理工艺又使ARGs丰度升高;与城镇污水处理系统相比,W1-SI的ARGs组成更为稳定,最终排水中富集了较高丰度的质粒型ARGs,同时识别到了高频率的潜在水平基因转移事件和2条携带多种抗性基因的重叠群序列(contigs),表明工业园区废水排放具有更高的ARGs传播风险。本研究丰富了不同类型废水环境耐药基因组的已有认知,为有效管控废水排放特别是工业园区废水排放的健康风险提供了科学依据。 相似文献
10.
我国是世界养猪第一大国,生猪饲养量和猪肉产量均位居世界第一。养猪业每年所产生的粪便、废水中含有大量畜用抗生素及其代谢产物,使养猪业废弃物成为环境中重要的抗生素污染源之一,随之产生的抗性基因污染及传播问题也不容忽视。本文结合近年来国内外的研究数据,对我国养猪业废弃物中四环素类、磺胺类抗生素及其相关抗性基因的检测方法、污染状况及影响抗性基因传播的因素进行了分析,并基于控制我国养猪行业抗生素及抗性基因污染的目的,提出了今后的研究重点。 相似文献
11.
抗生素的环境污染与生态毒害问题近年来引起了极大的关注.在总结国内外相关研究基础上,对环境中几种典型抗生素(四环素、土霉素、氯四环素和磺胺类等)的污染源以及在水和土壤环境中的残留与污染水平进行了分析;对抗生素的污染生态毒性最新研究进展给予了评述;对抗生素抗性基因在环境中可能的暴露途径进行了探讨,指出应将抗生素抗性基因作为一类新的环境污染物.鉴于我国抗生素污染的严峻事实,建议应从国家层面上尽快开展有关抗生素环境污染和生态毒害机理的系统研究. 相似文献
12.
环境中细菌的耐药性,尤其是对抗生素的耐药性已成为影响生态环境的重要因素.论文采用抗生素抗性平板法调查了北江河水中四环素、红霉素及磺胺类这3类抗生素耐药性细菌的存在,采用定性PCR及荧光定量PCR方法分别研究了该水域sul1和sul2这2种磺胺类抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的存在和含量水平.结果表明,所采集北江水域的9个样品中有5个对四环素有耐药性,7个对红霉素有耐药性,8个对磺胺二甲嘧啶有耐药性;定性PCR实验并经基因测序结果证实,5个样品含有sul1,4个样品含有sul2.进一步的PCR定量分析结果显示,7个样品中均检出sul1和sul2磺胺抗性基因,它们与内对照基因16S-rRNA表达量比值分别在10-2.56~10-0.52及10-3.25~10-1.24范围内,该结果显著高于美国科罗拉多州北部河流的研究结果.此外,数据分析也发现,sul1和sul2磺胺抗性基因的含量水平与该区域水中磺胺含量分布具有一定的相关性,表明外源性抗生素对河流的污染是诱导抗性基因的重要因素. 相似文献
13.
抗生素废水含有大量的抗生素耐药菌(antibiotic resistant bacteria,ARB)与抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs),处理排放后可能增强受纳环境的微生物抗性,因此有必要深入研究抗生素废水处理过程中ARB与ARGs的削减效果及其影响因素。本研究采用膜生物反应器(membrane bioreactor,MBR)工艺处理螺旋霉素制药废水,考察了不同水力停留时间(hydraulic retention time,HRT)对ARB与ARGs削减效果的影响。结果表明,虽然在HRT=30 h时MBR对COD与氨氮的去除率略高于HRT=40 h,但HRT=40 h时,不仅总异养菌与肠球菌的去除效果更佳,出水肠球菌耐药率及携带的抗性基因检出率也更低,而且MBR对废水中erm B、erm F、erm X、mef A、ere A、mph B和转移元件ISCR 1、Tn 916/1545相对丰度的削减效果更好。这表明长HRT更有利于MBR工艺削减螺旋霉素废水的耐药菌与抗性基因。 相似文献
14.
• Published data was used to analyze the fate of ARGs in water treatment. • Biomass removal leads to the reduction in absolute abundance of ARGs. • Mechanism that filter biofilm maintain ARB/ARGs was summarized. • Potential BAR risks caused by biofiltration and chlorination were proposed. ![]() The bacterial antibiotic resistome (BAR) is one of the most serious contemporary medical challenges. The BAR problem in drinking water is receiving growing attention. In this study, we focused on the distribution, changes, and health risks of the BAR throughout the drinking water treatment system. We extracted the antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) data from recent publications and analyzed ARG profiles based on diversity, absolute abundance, and relative abundance. The absolute abundance of ARG was found to decrease with water treatment processes and was positively correlated with the abundance of 16S rRNA ( r2 = 0.963, p<0.001), indicating that the reduction of ARG concentration was accompanied by decreasing biomass. Among treatment processes, biofiltration and chlorination were discovered to play important roles in shaping the bacterial antibiotic resistome. Chlorination exhibited positive effects in controlling the diversity of ARG, while biofiltration, especially granular activated carbon filtration, increased the diversity of ARG. Both biofiltration and chlorination altered the structure of the resistome by affecting relative ARG abundance. In addition, we analyzed the mechanism behind the impact of biofiltration and chlorination on the bacterial antibiotic resistome. By intercepting influent ARG-carrying bacteria, biofilters can enrich various ARGs and maintain ARGs in biofilm. Chlorination further selects bacteria co-resistant to chlorine and antibiotics. Finally, we proposed the BAR health risks caused by biofiltration and chlorination in water treatment. To reduce potential BAR risk in drinking water, membrane filtration technology and water boiling are recommended at the point of use. 相似文献
15.
抗生素的长期滥用,使得环境细菌耐药性不断增强,加速了耐药基因(antibiotics resistance genes,ARGs)在环境中的传播扩散,并给饮用水带来健康风险。在介绍饮用水中抗生素和耐药基因污染现状的基础上,阐述了耐药基因在饮用水中的来源和归趋,对环境中抗生素和耐药基因的人体健康风险做了初步探讨,针对目前饮用水的污染现状,对今后有关饮用水中细菌耐药的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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目前,不少高校在生态毒理学科研领域人才济济、成绩斐然,但对生态毒理学教学却重视不够,有的学校甚至还没有开设生态毒理学课程。相对于科研的日新月异,教学的发展却较为缓慢,教学与科研之间的不平衡势必会造成科研发展的后续动力不足。为推动生态毒理学教学的发展,提高课程的教学质量,让更多的高校开设生态毒理学课程,借助“第五届生态毒理学学术研讨会”的平台,《生态毒理学报》编辑部于2018年4月在大连组织召开了“生态毒理学教学研讨会”。这是继2017年8月在太原举办“第一届全国环境毒理学与生态毒理学教学研讨会”后的又一次盛会。“生态毒理学教学研讨会”旨在为我国从事生态毒理学教学的教师提供一个交流与研讨的平台。此次研讨会以“专题报告+讨论交流”的形式开展。山西大学的孟紫强教授讲解了生态毒理学诞生的简史及生态毒理学的应用,并对当前我国生态毒理学教学中存在的问题及解决途径等进行了探讨;南京大学李梅教授介绍了基于南京大学“三三制”教学改革的实验教学探索与实践,提出了创新实验教学模式的可行路径;大连理工大学的郑洪波副教授分享了基于主动思维的课堂教学与考核方式。这些老师们的报告为生态毒理学的教学研究提供了重要参考和有益启示。来自南京大学、大连理工大学、山西大学、东北林业大学、沈阳农业大学、浙江工业大学等全国知名高校的60多位老师参加了会议。与会老师积极介绍了各自的教学和科研成果,并针对自己学校在开设生态毒理学课程中的困惑和遇到的问题进行了热烈的讨论和交流,一致认为生态毒理学课程有着广泛的需求,存在广阔的发展空间和强大的生命力。此次会议取得了圆满成功。为巩固会议成果,提升教学质量,《生态毒理学报》特开设“生态毒理学教学专栏”,本人非常荣幸地受邀担任专栏的特约主编。此教学专栏为《生态毒理学报》常设专栏,将根据稿件数量和质量情况,不定期地在学报各期正刊发表。凡是针对生态与环境毒理学教学开展研究的论文均在报道范围中,投稿时在栏目中选择“教学专栏”,稿件经过外审和终审后录用发表。首期教学专栏发表2篇文章:一篇是浙江工业大学孙立伟撰写的“基于斑马鱼的水生生态毒理学实验教学体系的构建”,另一篇是南京大学李梅撰写的“创新实验教学模式,提升学生实践技能”。希望今后从事生态和环境毒理学的各位专家学者踊跃投稿,让这个专栏为生态毒理学教学搭建起交流的平台,推动生态毒理学在全国高校的开设,促进教学质量的不断提高。 相似文献
17.
• Total 174 subtypes of ARGs were detected by metagenomic analysis. • Chloramphenicol resistance genes were the dominant ARGs in water and microplastics. • The abundances of MRGs were much higher than those of ARGs. • Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phylum. • Microplastics in mariculture system could enrich most of MRGs and some ARGs. Microplastics existing widely in different matrices have been regarded as a reservoir for emerging contaminants. Mariculture systems have been observed to host microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, more information on proliferation of ARGs and metal resistance genes (MRGs) in mariculture system at the presence of microplastics is needed. This study used metagenomic analysis to investigate the distribution of ARGs and MRGs in water and microplastics of a typical mariculture pond. Total 18 types including 174 subtypes of ARGs were detected with the total relative abundances of 1.22/1.25 copies per 16S rRNA copy for microplastics/water. Chloramphenicol resistance genes were the dominant ARGs with the abundance of 0.35/0.42 copies per 16S rRNA copy for microplastics/water. Intergron intI1 was dominant gene among 6 detected mobile genetic elements (MGEs) with the abundance of 75.46/68.70 copies per 16S rRNA copy for water/microplastics. Total 9 types including 46 subtypes of MRGs were detected with total abundance of 5.02 × 10 2/6.39 × 10 2 copies per 16S rRNA copy for water/ microplastics while genes resistant to copper and iron served as the dominant MRGs. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria accounted for 84.2%/89.5% of total microbial community. ARGs with relatively high abundance were significantly positively related to major genera, MGEs, and MRGs. Microplastics in mariculture system could enrich most of MRGs and some ARGs to serve as potential reservoir for these pollutants. The findings of this study will provide important information on resistance gene pollution at presence of microplastics in the mariculture system for further proposing suitable strategy of environmental management. 相似文献
18.
• UV/chlorine can effectively remove VBNC pathogens, ARGs and MGEs in reclaimed water. • Microbial community was changed with reduced diversity during UV/chlorine process. • CRBs-carried MGEswere the predominant groups during UV/chlorine process. • No direct co-selection strategy was shared between UV/chlorine and resistome. Urban wastewater contains a wide range of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which are a serious concern if reusing treated wastewater. However, few studies have explored the microbial communities in reclaimed water using ultraviolet (UV)/chlorine treatment and assessed the changes of the resistome. This study investigated the occurrence of typical pathogens, ARGs, and bacterial communities in UV/chlorine-treated reclaimed water samples. The numbers of culturable and viable but non-culturable pathogens were effectively reduced to 0 CFU/mL within 1–10 and 10–30 min after UV/chlorine treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, the physicochemical indices of water quality were not affected. UV/chlorine treatment could significantly change the bacterial community structure of reclaimed water, showing a decrease in bacterial abundance and diversity. Chlorine-resistant Acinetobacter and Mycobacterium were the dominant bacterial genera (>50%) after UV/chlorine treatment. Moreover, the number of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) decreased with an increase in UV/chlorine exposure. However, eight ARGs and three MGEs were consistently detected in more than three seasons, making these major concerns because of their potential role in the persistence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Overall, the results of this study suggest that UV/chlorine treatment can potentially improve the microbiological safety of reclaimed water. And more attention should be paid to the pathogens that are both chlorine-resistant and carry MGEs because of their potential for resistance transmission. 相似文献
19.
• The α-diversities of resistome were lower in manure and compost than in soils. • There were significant correlations between the resistome and bacterial taxonomy. • Bacterial taxonomy was the highest in explaining resistome variances. Antibiotic resistance genes comprising antibiotic resistome are of great concern due to their increase in the environment. Recent evidence of shared resistomes between soils and animal husbandry has imposed potential risks to human health. However, the correlation between a given community’s resistome and bacterial taxonomic composition is controversial. Here, a transmission chain of resistomes from swine manure to compost and compost-amended soil were analyzed in five suburban areas of Beijing, China, with unamended agricultural soils as control soils. Antibiotic resistomes and bacterial taxonomic compositions were distinct between (I) manure and compost; and (II) compost-amended and control soils. In manure, compost, and compost-amended soils, the β-diversity of the resistome and bacterial taxonomic composition was significantly correlated, while no correlation was detected in control soils. Bacterial taxonomic composition explained 36.0% of total variations of the resistome composition, much higher than environmental factors. Together, those results demonstrated that antibiotic resistome was closely related to bacterial taxonomic composition along the suburban transmission chain. 相似文献
20.
农田排水中的耐药基因能够以微生物为宿主在环境中富集与传播,而其中的氮磷则会导致自然水体富营养化。生态沟渠作为农田排水的末端处理系统,是控制农田中氮磷向自然环境中转移的关键,但其对农田排水中菌群和耐药基因的影响却鲜有研究。本研究对浙江省内20条生态沟渠的氮磷拦截效果进行了评价,然后利用宏基因组测序技术对其中效果较好的生态沟渠进行了菌群组分和耐药基因谱的分析。研究结果表明,浙江省内生态沟渠有效的拦截了农田排水中的氮磷,其中湖州市生态沟渠-1对农田排水中总氮和总磷拦截率均接近50%,相较于其他生态沟渠具有更好的氮磷拦截效果。同时,湖州市生态沟渠-1有效降低了农田排水中耐药基因的种类,并将主要耐药基因子类( mfd、 dfrE和 tetT)的丰度降低了12.0%—41.4%。此外,湖州市生态沟渠-1有效降低了农田排水中Proteobacteria门和Verrucomicrobia门的微生物丰度,并提高了其中Actinobacteria门的微生物丰度。综上可知,浙江省生态沟渠不仅能够拦截农田排水中的氮磷和耐药基因还能够影响其中细菌群落组分,但相关机制仍需进一步研究。 相似文献
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