我国废弃电器电子产品回收模式和处理处置技术

我国废弃电器电子产品的回收模式历经个体经营者收集模式、"以旧换新+政策补贴"回收模式、依托互联网技术的新型回收模式等3个阶段。回收集中后的废弃电器电子产品必须经过运输仓储、拆解分类、资源化利用、再生材料生产等环节或工序才能够实现资源化利用和增值。资源化利用环节是处理处置的关键和核心环节,主要工艺和技术有破碎分选等机械物理法工艺、火法冶金工艺、湿法冶金工艺和其他先进工艺。对我国废弃电器电子产品回收模式的变迁、多级破碎-多级分选工艺、火法冶金技术、湿法冶金技术和湿法破碎-水利摇床分离技术进行综合评述。     

海南4年内将形成回收拆解体系

由海南省环科院承担的《海南省废弃电器电子产品处理发展规划(2011—2015)》(以下简称《规划》)通过专家评审。《规划》提出,到2015年海南省要基本形成覆盖全省的多元化废弃电器电子产品回收体系和规范化拆解处理体系,全面提高废弃电器电子产品无害化处置和资源化利用水平。据介绍,该《规划》围绕促进海南省废弃电器电子产品处理行业健康发展的主题,全面分析了全省废弃电器电子产品回收处理现状及存在的主要问题;以主要家电社会保有量为基础,预测"十二五"期间废     

团体标准《废弃电器电子产品回收规范》实施指引解读

废弃电器电子产品回收体系的不完善,行业内规范的回收管理标准的缺失,制约着我国废弃电器电子产品回收处理产业的健康发展。中国再生资源回收利用协会等单位联合编制的《废弃电器电子产品回收规范》为废弃电器电子产品规范回收提供了参考依据,为废弃电器电子产品回收监管提供了技术支撑,对推动废弃电器电子产品回收处理产业规范健康发展具有指导意义。结合废弃电器电子产品回收行业发展实际,详细解读了《废弃电器电子产品回收规范》的重点内容和实施要点,以期为规范废弃电器电子产品回收提供参考借鉴。     

废弃电器电子产品回收体系建设探索

随着时代的发展,电器电子产品的应用越来越广泛。电器电子产品更新换代速度极快,大量的废弃电器电子产品回收不利,会对环境造成污染。近些年,废弃电器电子产品的污染问题越发重要,其利用价值也越来越被人们所认识。现行的废弃电器电子产品回收网络较为滞后也过于简单,不利于其发展。根据废弃电器电子产品的污染和回收现状,提出回收体系建设可行性的建议,以供参考。     

《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》及相关政策宣贯培训会圆满召开

《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)已于2011年1月1日正式施行,为落实《条例》有关要求,国家环保部配套出台了《废弃电器电子产品处理发展规划编制指南》、《废弃电器电子产品处理资格许可办法》、《废弃电器电子产品处理企业资格审查和许可指南》、《废弃电器电子产品处理企业补贴审核指南》和《废弃电器电子产品处理企业建立数据信息管理系统及报送信息指南》等一系列政策,旨在对废弃电器电子产品拆解处理行业进行规范。     

关于发布《废弃电器电子产品拆解处理情况审核工作指南(2019年版)》的公告 发改产业[2019]967号

<正>为贯彻落实《废弃电器电子产品回收处理管理条例》和《废弃电器电子产品基金征收使用管理办法》,促进废弃电器电子产品妥善回收处理,规范和指导废弃电器电子产品拆解处理情况审核工作,保障基金使用安全,我部制定了《废弃电器电子产品拆解处理情况审核工作指南(2019年版)》(以下简称《审核指南(2019年版)》),现予公布,自2019年10月1日起施行。《废弃电器电子产品拆解处理情况审核工作指南(2015年版)》(环境保护部公告2015年第33号)同时废止。     

天津市废弃电器电子产品回收处理现状与展望

通过总结天津市"十三五"期间主要电器电子产品保有量与报废量,以及废弃电器电子产品回收情况,分析废弃电器电子产品拆解处理现状,并分别从政策层面、拆解品类结构层面、合规运营与监督管理层面,对天津市废弃电器电子产品回收处理行业高质量发展提出了建议与展望.     

《废弃电器电子产品回收管理办法》征求意见稿

为规范废弃电器电子产品回收,节约资源,保护环境,建立与我国经济、社会和生态发展相适应的废弃电器电子产品回收体系,我部起草了《废弃电器电子产品回收管理办法(征求意见稿)》,现向社会开征求意见。公众可以通过以下途径和方式提出反馈意见:     

中华人民共和国财政部 环境保护部 发展改革委 工业和信息化部公告

<正>2015年第91号为合理引导废弃电器电子产品回收处理,加快提升行业技术水平和整体效率,根据废弃电器电子产品回收处理成本和收益变化情况,现公布调整后的废弃电器电子产品处理基金补贴标准,自2016年1月1日起施行。附件:废弃电器电子产品处理基金补贴标准     

山东省废弃电器电子产品回收处理工作探讨

山东省是我国电器电子产品制造大省和废弃电器电子产品产生大省。目前,山东省废弃电器电子产品回收处理存在着若干问题,影响了废弃电器电子产品回收利用工作的顺利开展。因此,应加强工作研究,采取相应措施,完善体制机制和各项推进措施,促进行业发展,为缓解山东省经济社会发展所面临的资源环境瓶颈约束做贡献。     

浅议城市矿产示范基地建设的融资途径

针对发展循环经济的重点领域中的热点话题,在密切关注国家相关政策走向并结合本地区实际的基础上,通过开展＂城市矿产＂示范基地建设项目前期工作,探索性地提出了资源再生利用规模化发展的建设项目融资途径,并简述了政府推进循环经济发展的相关政策措施。     

Use of life cycle assessment as decision-support tool for water reuse and handling of residues at a Danish industrial laundry.

This analysis presents the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) carried out on six alternative options for the recycling of water at a Danish industrial laundry for workwear. The study focuses on the handling and disposal of the wet residues generated when wastewater is treated for recycling, and in accounting for long-term potential toxicity impacts. The analysed options are a combination of two water-upgrading technologies: biofilter and ultrafiltration, and three residue disposal alternatives: biogas followed by incineration of sludge at local wastewater treatment plant, thermal vitrification treatment for production of vitrified sand, and mineralization in a sludge bed. It is concluded from the results that with the current Danish environmental policy priorities, the environmental impacts of highest priority are the toxicity effects derived from the presence of heavy metals in the residues. Heavy metals originate from the dirt in the workwear that is washed in the laundry. It is further concluded that the studied water treatment technologies satisfy both the need of clean water for recycling and simultaneously help controlling a safe disposal of pollutants by concentration of the residues. The results of the study also confirm the potential of LCA as a decision-support tool for assisting water recycling initiatives and for residue handling management. The handling of residues has been identified as a stage of the water recycling strategy that bears important environmental impacts. This holistic perspective provided by LCA can be used as input for the definition of environmental management strategies at an industrial laundry, and the prioritization of investments to the environmental profile of laundry processes. In this case-study, the results of the LCA are made operational by, for example, selecting the water treatment technology which is associated wih a safe disposal of the wet residue. It is important to bear in mind that such prioritization depends on national boundary conditions. In the case study analysed, the boundary conditions steer the weighing of the environmental impacts, following the current Danish environmental policy priorities.     

Networking possibilities for waste recycling in Miyagi prefecture, Japan

Successful case studies for waste recycling in Japan have not been evaluated. The evaluation of economic efficiency and environmental effects were lacking at the time the actual network was established. A waste/resource input/output (I/O) coincidence retrieval system called ZENESYS was developed to examine the usefulness of a waste-exchange network in a nonmanufacturing district. We analyzed data from the Miyagi prefecture, a region without heavy industry. The data were collected from 77 companies using a questionnaire and interviews. A total of 33 possible waste exchange links arose after analysis using ZENESYS. However, these were frail networks that relied heavily on the construction industry. Two waste recycling technologies were selected from the ZENESYS database: reclaiming fuel from waste plastic and making construction materials from bottom ash. Evaluation of the environmental effects and economics of these two technologies showed they were both suitable for the environment, but no profit was made from reclaiming fuel from waste plastics. We concluded that in an area with no heavy industry, it may be difficult to adopt recycling technologies that have high environmental and economic performance. Materials are difficult to circulate among manufacturing industries even if a waste-exchange network exists, and resources are consumed during transportation and recycling.     

北京市建筑废弃物资源化利用研究与项目示范

针对北京市建筑废弃物产量大、资源化利用率低的问题,分析了北京市建筑废弃物的来源、产量、组分及处理现状,阐述了建筑废弃物资源化利用途径和资源化利用工艺,介绍了朝阳区建筑废弃物资源化示范项目建设情况,给出了北京市建筑废弃物资源化利用设施建设合理建议。     

Life cycle assessment of integrated recycling schemes for plastic containers and packaging with consideration of resin composition

Many life cycle assessment studies have evaluated and compared the environmental performance of various technologies for recycling plastic containers and packaging in Japan and other countries. However, no studies have evaluated the combination of recycling technologies in consideration of the resin composition in terms of the quantity of each recycled product so as to maximize their environmental potential. In this study, 27 scenarios of recycling schemes for household waste plastic containers and packaging are developed through integrating a conventional recycling scheme with additional recycling schemes. The conventional recycling scheme involves municipal curbside collection and either the material recycling or feedstock recycling of waste plastics. The additional recycling schemes are feedstock recycling in steel works of the residue from conventional material recycling processes, and corporate voluntary collection and independent material recycling of specific types of plastic trays. Life cycle assessment based on the modeling of recycling processes considering the resin composition in terms of the quantity of each recycled product is applied to evaluate and compare these scenarios from the viewpoints of fossil resource consumption and CO₂ emission. The results show that the environmental loads are reduced in all scenarios including the additional recycling schemes compared with the conventional recycling scheme. However, the independent plastic tray recycling scheme exhibits lower additional environmental savings when the residue recycling scheme is integrated with the conventional material recycling scheme. This is because both additional recycling schemes aim to utilize polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate, which would otherwise be incinerated as residue from material recycling processes. The evaluation of the environmental loads of plastic recycling with consideration of the resin composition in terms of the quantity of each recycled product makes it possible to investigate recycling schemes that integrate different technologies to maximize their environmental potential.     

Recycling and pollution control of the End of Life Vehicles in China

The quantity of vehicles has increased rapidly in recent years in China; however, the recycling of End of Life Vehicles (ELV) faces several problems and barriers including the collection difficulty and the environmental pollution caused by improper dismantling. In this paper, based on analysis of the basic situation regarding management and recycling of ELV in China, the ELV flow was introduced, and the potential ELV quantity was estimated. The current management regulations and policies were summarized, and dismantling and pollution control technologies for ELV recycling were introduced, too. It was suggested that with the rapid growth of ELV quantities, more regulations will be enacted, and the recycling network will be more effective; the dismantling technology and pollution control measures will be upgraded, and the recycling and remanufacturing industries will be more combined. The government should pay more attention to improve the management and supervision of, and encourage the development of, high level enterprises.     

废塑料再生产业园的规划及环境影响评价

论述了我国废塑料再生行业存在的问题和废塑料再生产业园的规划特点。探讨了产业园的合理选址、系统规划布局、同步环境影响评价在废塑料再生产业园建设中的重要性,介绍了环境影响分析和园区清洁生产与循环经济等内容。指出建立废塑料再生产业园,必须通过合理规划布局并及时开展环境影响评价工作,这是保护环境、防控污染的有效措施。     

Cathode ray tube (CRT) recycling: current capabilities in China and research progress

It is estimated that approximately 6,000,000 scrap TVs and 10,000,000 personal computers are generated each year in China. Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) from these machines consist of 85% glass (65% panel, 30% funnel and 5% neck glass). The leaded glass (funnel-24%, neck-30%) may seriously pollute the environment if it is not properly disposed of. In this paper, the past, current and future status of CRT dismantling technologies as well as the CRT glass recycling situation in China are presented and discussed. Recycling technology for waste CRTs in China is still immature. While the conventional CRT dismantling technologies have disadvantages from both economic and environmental viewpoints, some of the new and emerging treatments such as automatic optical sorting facilities that have been applied in developed countries offer advantages, and therefore should be transferred to China in the next few years to solve the CRT pre-processing problem. Meanwhile, because the demand for CRT glass closed-loop recycling is extremely limited, the authorities should take effective measures to improve CRT glass recycling rates and to facilitate a match to local conditions. Moreover, we also provide a broad review of the research developments in recycling techniques for CRT cullet. The challenge for the future is to transfer these environmentally friendly and energy-saving technologies into practice.     

建设有中国特色的再生资源回收利用体系

分析了我国再生资源回收利用工作的现状,借鉴发达国家的先进经验,提出建设我国再生资源回收利用体系的基本框架,以及发展我国再生资源产业的政策建议。指出建设具有中国特色的再生资源回收利用体系是推动再生资源产业成为新的经济增长点的前提和保障。     

大力推进城市资源循环利用基地建设——以北京市朝阳区资源循环利用产业基地为例

资源循环利用基地的建设是破解城市固体废弃物“邻避效应”的创新道路,有助于新型城市功能区的建设,是推进资源循环利用的主要方式。以北京市朝阳区资源循环利用产业基地为例,研究其基地建设的优势基础及制约因素,通过探索基地建设模式,分析了基地建设的总体思路和重要举措,以期为其他地区资源循环利用基地建设提供经验。