上海市有害垃圾收运暂存管理现状调研及对策建议

通过梳理上海市在贯彻落实《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》背景下,推进生活源有害垃圾收运处置体系运行管理的现状和问题,重点对区级有害垃圾收运模式、区级暂存点场地建设及管理状况进行了调研、梳理和总结,剖析存在的问题并提出相关意见和建议,为提升上海市有害垃圾收运暂存规范管理水平提供决策参考。     

基于“无废城市”建设背景下阳江市工业固体废物管理探究

“无废城市”建设有利于加快城市发展方式转变,促进城市绿色发展转型,推动经济高质量发展。工业固体废物环境管理是推进“无废城市”建设的重要环节,结合阳江市“无废城市”建设实施工作,通过收集工业固体废物管理文件及统计数据,对阳江市工业固体废物的产生、利用处置不同环节管理现状进行分析。结果表明,由于固体废物相关法律法规、管理制度等因素不完善,加上受产业结构影响,导致阳江市固体废物产生强度较大,小微企业危险废物收运体系尚未构建,部分种类危险废物处置设施区域联动有待强化。针对主要问题,从建立健全固体废物管理制度、推行工业绿色生产、完善社会源危险废物收运体系、提升固体废物综合利用水平等环境管理方面,提出“无废城市”新理念下固体废物管理的新路径。     

济南市大件垃圾管理及思考

在济南市开展垃圾分类工作的基础上,提出解决大件垃圾的处理和处置成为不可回避的问题。采取调研和查阅资料的方式对济南市目前大件垃圾处置以及管理进行了调研,并结合一些相对开始较早的国外地区和国内其他地市大件垃圾收运处理模式,深入开展济南市大件垃圾管理现状的思考,提出对大件垃圾收运处理建议,为达到更好的管理济南市大件垃圾的收运和处理的目的。     

餐厨废弃油脂全程管理实现途径研究

餐饮服务、食品生产及食品加工等环节产生的餐厨废弃油脂,其管理工作事关民生大计,紧系食品安全、生态环境和公众身体健康.为确保餐厨废弃油脂从源头到收运和处置流向的全程控制管理,结合上海实际,对餐厨废弃油脂全程管理的实现途径进行了研究和探讨.     

我国《新化学物质环境管理办法》修订探讨

介绍了我国新化学物质环境管理的相关要求;结合国际新化学物质环境管理经验和近年国内生态环境保护形势的要求,分析了我国新化学物质环境管理制度存在的主要问题;从调整管理类别、明确物质范围、简化申报类型、建立排查机制、强化主体责任、授权技术内审、简化信息报告、完善相关内容等方面对我国《新化学物质环境管理办法》的修订完善进行了探讨。     

电磁类建设项目环境管理现状、辐射问题及对策探讨

介绍了我国电磁类建设项目环境管理现状,探讨了电磁环境管理中存在的问题。在此基础上提出了电磁环境管理的相关建议,即加强法规标准建设、积极推进规划环评、严格规范公众参与、加强监测及申报登记工作等。     

中美新化学物质管理制度的比较

简要叙述了中美两国新化学物质管理的基本情况,分别从管理原则、管理范围、管理具体要求、申报种类、评审程序、监督管理等方面重点论述了中美新化学物质管理制度的特点。通过借鉴美国新化学物质管理的优点及经验,提出了强化和完善中国新化学物质管理制度的对策。     

建筑垃圾分类收运处理体系研究

根据对我国建筑垃圾产生源、产生特点和分类标准的分析,研究了提升我国建筑垃圾资源化率的分类收运处理体系。首先,明确了源头分类的重要性,提出了建设工地和居民生活区两个产生源的分类管理模式;其次,为提升建筑垃圾收运效率,按照产生源头不同提出了相适应的收集、运输模式;最后,根据建筑垃圾的成分、物化性质等特点,提出了分类处理的资源化利用途径。     

北京餐厨废弃油将全部规范收运

近日,北京市出台加快推进再生资源回收体系建设的新举措。其中提出,到2015年,餐饮服务单位餐厨废弃油脂回收处理实现规范化运行,规范收运率达到100％。在产生源头处,北京市要求餐饮服务单位按照相关标准配建或配置油水分离器、专用收集容器等设施设备,提高餐厨废气油脂回收专业化水平。在收运环节,对餐厨废弃油脂收集运输处理,北京市将实行属地特许经营服务制度,划定特许经营服务区域,明确收集运输和处理企业的经营服务范围、期限、服务标准等内容,向社会公布。在处置环节,北京市将引导餐厨废弃油脂收运处理企业与生物柴油等化工企业建立相对稳定的产业链接,实现废弃油脂的定点处置。     

德国大件垃圾的回收处理管理

通过梳理德国大件垃圾产生情况、回收处理相关的政策法规、收运情况、收费制度和处理情况,详细介绍德国典型地区大件垃圾的收运情况,试图解析其对中国大件垃圾回收处理的借鉴意义。     

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TEHRAN

The main objective of this paper is to analyse the present status of solid waste management in Tehran, and subsequently, to draw up a policy regarding their generation, collection, on-site handling, storage, processing, recycling, transportation and safe disposal. Through a detailed survey, all functional elements of the present solid waste management system in Tehran were studied. Factors affecting the important management issues in the operation of Tehran's solid waste management system are discussed. Key design data and other useful information selected from a variety of reliable sources are presented. The practical aspects associated with solid waste management systems, such as organizational structure, financing, operations, equipment management, personnel, reporting, cost accounting and budgeting, ordinances and guidelines, and public communications are described.     

Medical waste management in Trachea region of Turkey: suggested remedial action.

The main objective of this paper was to analyse the present status of medical waste management in the Trachea region of Turkey and subsequently to draw up a policy regarded with generation, collection, on-site handling, storage, processing, recycling, transportation and safe disposal of medical wastes. This paper also presents the results of study about awareness on how to handle expired drugs. Initially all health-care establishments in Tekirda?, Edirne and Kyrklareli provinces in Trachea region were identified and the amounts of hospital wastes generated by each of them were determined. Current medical waste-management practices, including storage, collection, transportation and disposal, in surveyed establishments were identified. Finally, according to results, remedial measurements for medical waste management in these establishments were suggested. Unfortunately, medical wastes are not given proper attention and these wastes are disposed of together with municipal and industrial solid wastes. The current disposal method is both a public health and environmental hazard. When landfill sites are visited, many scavengers can be seen sorting for recyclable materials, a practice which is dangerous for the scavengers. In addition, it was found that some staff in health-care establishments are unaware of the hazard of medical wastes. It is concluded that a new management system, which consists of segregation, material substitution, minimization, sanitary landfilling and alternative medical waste treatment methods should be carried out. For the best appropriate medical waste management system, health-care establishment employers, managers and especially the members of house- keeping divisions should be involved in medical waste management practice.     

Comparison research on waste classification between China and the EU,Japan, and the USA

Waste and waste management have become significant global issues and common challenges that we face. Efficient and effective waste management is an essential part of civilized society. A good waste classification system is the foundation and precondition for efficient waste management. In this paper, in accordance with waste classification principles of systematicness, hierarchy, practical maneuverability and expansibility, waste classification systems in China, the EU, Japan and the USA are reviewed for collection, transportation and treatment sectors. Comparison analysis results show that waste classification methods are diversified and process-oriented classification, substance-oriented and hazardous properties classification principles are widely adopted for waste generation and transportation. For waste treatment process, all the countries and regions adopt similar classification methods based on follow-up treatment process. In general, the EU and Japan all have established their own integrated waste classification system. However, the EU’s macro–micro integration waste classification systems are more suitable for China to learn which process-oriented waste classification is used for declaration and registration at the micro-level and substance-oriented waste classification system for environmental statistics at the macro-level.     

Collection and transportation cost of household solid waste in Kuwait

The specific aim of this funded research project was to examine and evaluate the efficiency and the effectiveness of the municipal solid waste collection and transportation system in the State of Kuwait. The contract resources of the seven contracting firms, the annual contract budgets, and the district area and population of each service contract are presented. Service efficiency and effectiveness indicators for each collection/disposal contract are also computed and discussed. The cost of collection and transportation of household waste in Kuwait is also compared with those of a number of urban areas in other nations. The low energy and manpower costs are mainly responsible for the favorable cost of management, collection and transportation of residential waste in Kuwait.     

Management of household waste in sanitary landfill of Mostaganem district (Western Algeria)

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The management of solid waste in Mostaganem district was limited to collection and transportation to open dumpsites. By the end of 2010, the...     

Solid waste management in Kolkata, India: practices and challenges

This paper presents an overview of current solid waste management (SWM) practices in Kolkata, India and suggests solutions to some of the major problems. More than 2920ton/d of solid waste are generated in the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) area and the budget allocation for 2007-2008 was Rs. 1590 million (US$40 million), which amounts to Rs. 265/cap-y (US$6.7/cap-d) on SWM. This expenditure is insufficient to provide adequate SWM services. Major deficiencies were found in all elements of SWM. Despite 70% of the SWM budget being allocated for collection, collection efficiency is around 60-70% for the registered residents and less than 20% for unregistered residents (slum dwellers). The collection process is deficient in terms of manpower and vehicle availability. Bin capacity provided is adequate but locations were found to be inappropriate, thus contributing to the inefficiency of the system. At this time, no treatment is provided to the waste and waste is dumped on open land at Dhapa after collection. Lack of suitable facilities (equipment and infrastructure) and underestimates of waste generation rates, inadequate management and technical skills, improper bin collection, and route planning are responsible for poor collection and transportation of municipal solid wastes.     

Hospital waste management and toxicity evaluation: a case study

Hospital waste management is an imperative environmental and public safety issue, due to the waste's infectious and hazardous character. This paper examines the existing waste strategy of a typical hospital in Greece with a bed capacity of 400-600. The segregation, collection, packaging, storage, transportation and disposal of waste were monitored and the observed problematic areas documented. The concentrations of BOD, COD and heavy metals were measured in the wastewater the hospital generated. The wastewater's toxicity was also investigated. During the study, omissions and negligence were observed at every stage of the waste management system, particularly with regard to the treatment of infectious waste. Inappropriate collection and transportation procedures for infectious waste, which jeopardized the safety of staff and patients, were recorded. However, inappropriate segregation practices were the dominant problem, which led to increased quantities of generated infectious waste and hence higher costs for their disposal. Infectious waste production was estimated using two different methods: one by weighing the incinerated waste (880 kg day(-1)) and the other by estimating the number of waste bags produced each day (650 kg day(-1)). Furthermore, measurements of the EC(50) parameter in wastewater samples revealed an increased toxicity in all samples. In addition, hazardous organic compounds were detected in wastewater samples using a gas chromatograph/mass spectrograph. Proposals recommending the application of a comprehensive hospital waste management system are presented that will ensure that any potential risks hospital wastes pose to public health and to the environment are minimized.     

Source separation of household waste: a case study in China

A pilot program concerning source separation of household waste was launched in Hangzhou, capital city of Zhejiang province, China. Detailed investigations on the composition and properties of household waste in the experimental communities revealed that high water content and high percentage of food waste are the main limiting factors in the recovery of recyclables, especially paper from household waste, and the main contributors to the high cost and low efficiency of waste disposal. On the basis of the investigation, a novel source separation method, according to which household waste was classified as food waste, dry waste and harmful waste, was proposed and performed in four selected communities. In addition, a corresponding household waste management system that involves all stakeholders, a recovery system and a mechanical dehydration system for food waste were constituted to promote source separation activity. Performances and the questionnaire survey results showed that the active support and investment of a real estate company and a community residential committee play important roles in enhancing public participation and awareness of the importance of waste source separation. In comparison with the conventional mixed collection and transportation system of household waste, the established source separation and management system is cost-effective. It could be extended to the entire city and used by other cities in China as a source of reference.     

Hazardous healthcare waste management in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Hazardous healthcare waste has become an environmental concern for many developing countries including the Kingdom of Bahrain. There have been several significant obstacles facing the Kingdom in dealing with this issue including; limited documentation regarding generation, handling, management, and disposal of waste. This in turn hinders efforts to plan better healthcare waste management. In this paper, hazardous waste management status in the Kingdom has been investigated through an extensive survey carried out on selected public and private healthcare premises. Hazardous waste management practices including: waste generation, segregation, storage, collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal were determined. The results of this study along with key findings are discussed and summarized. In addition; several effective recommendations and improvements of hazardous waste management are suggested.     

Determination of the best appropriate management methods for the health-care wastes in Istanbul

Health-care waste management has been a significant problem in most economically developing countries as it is in Turkey. Most of the time, the main reason for the mismanagement of these wastes is the lack of appropriate legislation and effective control; other reasons are: financial strains and a lack of awareness. Being aware of the significance of the subject, in this paper the management of the health-care wastes in Istanbul, as a Metropolitan City of Turkey, was analyzed to create an integrated health-care waste management system in the city. Within the scope of the study, the existing situation and management practices such as the amount of the health-care wastes generated, segregation procedures, collection, temporary storage and transportation of the wastes within and outside of the institution were examined. Deficiencies, inconsistencies and improper applications were revealed. The existing Turkish Medical Wastes Control Regulation and institutional structure of the health-care waste management body were reviewed. After the evaluation and comparison with the requirements of other national and international organizations, items to be changed/added in the Regulation were identified. At the end of the study, the best management methods for the Istanbul City were determined and started to be applied at the institutions. After this study, the existing Regulation has been changed. The modified Regulation was published in 2005 and implementation has started. It is expected that by the application and implementation of the research outcomes, the management of health-care wastes in Istanbul and then in all over Turkey will be improved. The results obtained can also be used in most economically developing countries where there are similar environmental problems and strict budgets.