空气涡轮制冷低温粉碎法回收废弃橡胶

利用带回冷循环的空气涡轮制冷系统，在低温条件下，将废旧橡胶进行冷冻、粉碎、制成６０目以上的精细胶粉。此法的冷冻能耗成本仅为国际上通用的液氮法的１／１０，整具工艺过程不产生二次污染，为废旧橡胶的综合利用提供了一条新途径。     

我国废旧橡胶利用的发展趋势

废旧橡胶其来源主要是废橡胶制品,即报废的轮胎、胶管、胶带、车胎、胶鞋、工业杂品等,另外一部分来自橡胶厂生产过程中产生的边角余料和废品。 　　我国是一个橡胶应用大国,同时我国又是一个橡胶资源短缺的国家,几乎每年橡胶消耗量的45%左右需要进口,而且短时期内不会有根本的解决办法,由此可见,处理好废旧橡胶,对于充分利用再生资源,摆脱自然资源匮乏,减少环境污染,改善人类的生存环境是非常重要的。 　　我国废旧橡胶利用方法主要是制造再生橡胶和制造胶粉。 　　我国再生胶生产,建国初期产量在千吨左右,50～60年代生产工艺以水油法为主,70年代建设了19家水油法再生胶厂,80年代推广动态脱硫法代替水油法,全国约装置了300多台动态脱硫罐,较好地解决了废水污染问题。尽管如此,生产再生胶仍存在能耗大,生产效率低,污染环境,生产工艺流程长等缺点。所以,目前工业发达国家大多停止生产再生胶。     

废旧橡胶利用亟待产业化

随着经济的不断发展,废旧橡胶,尤其是废旧轮胎正日益成为我国环保领域的一大难题。有关专家认为,回收利用并达到产业化规模才是废旧橡胶的真正出路。 资料显示,我国2000年共消耗生胶200万吨,居世界第二位,橡胶制品产量约2800万吨。按15％生成率计算,实际废旧橡胶的生成量约为420万吨,而2000年利用废旧橡胶生产出的再生胶仅为33万吨,橡胶粉为2．5万吨,仅为废旧橡胶总量的8％左右。此外,由于现在废旧橡胶再生利用技术相对落后,贵重的氟橡胶、硅橡胶、特种合成橡胶,包括氯丁橡胶、氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶等都没有得到有效的利用,这意味着我国废旧橡胶的回收利用尚处于起步阶段。     

十年来我国废旧橡胶(轮胎)利用专利及启示

党和政府近几年来,高度重视知识产权建设和保护工作.废旧橡胶利用(含轮胎翻新)是再生资源利用重点行业之一.从数据库中选取2009-2019年废旧橡胶行业专利申请情况,并根据行业现状进行分类整理和分析研究,有针对性地提出行业知识产权建设和保护工作的若干建议.在引起废旧橡胶利用(含轮胎翻新)行业重视基础上,进一步推动再生资源...     

用废旧橡胶制作鞋材用橡胶色片的方法

<正>专利申请号:CN201510809252.3公开号:CN105218911A申请日:2015.11.20公开日:2016.01.06申请人:福建鑫邦新材料科技有限公司本发明涉及一种用废旧橡胶制作鞋材用橡胶色片的方法,属于橡胶制品技术领域。本发明通过备料、粉碎、密练、混炼、研磨及拉片等步骤对废旧橡胶进行回收再处理,使制得     

开创运作新模式开拓应用新领域--简论我国废旧橡胶粉生产应用现状及发展前景

分析了废旧橡胶粉的生产现状,提倡建立废旧橡胶再生利用统一市场,倡导开拓废旧橡胶粉在非橡胶行业的应用.     

废旧橡胶胶粉化 废旧橡胶胶粉化再生胶工业的发展方向

再生胶一直是世界橡胶工业的重要原材料,它一方面可以代替橡胶,缓解了天然橡胶严重匮乏的局面;另一方面使废旧橡胶实现了回收再利用,解决了废旧橡胶污染环境的问题。然而,随着合成橡胶的大量开发和应用,再生胶的应用开始萎缩。20世纪80年代末期,欧美主要工业国家开始停止通用型再生胶的生产,逐步转为将废旧橡胶直接加工成不同细度的胶粉直接利用。     

无剥离微负压废旧轮胎热解技术

20 0 1年全世界轮胎产量达 8× 10 8只 ,我国占10 %左右 ,约为 7× 10 7只。目前我国废旧轮胎的数量巨大 ,并且还会随着汽车工业和公路交通业的快速发展而同步递增。废旧轮胎的处理与利用正日益成为我国环境保护和资源综合利用的一个突出问题。废旧轮胎的处理方法主要包括热解、剥离再生、翻新、制胶粉、填埋、焚烧等。再生橡胶在 70年代曾是处理废旧轮胎的重要方式 ,但由于再生橡胶和其他原形改制方式 (制胶粉、翻新、作船弦防护等 )都不是终极处理方式 ,其制品经长时间使用报废后仍是需处理的废橡胶制品。另外 ,这些处理方法由于工艺技术…     

废轮胎制地砖技术落户海口

海南第一家用废旧轮胎加工成彩色弹性橡胶地砖的企业 - - 海口燕科环保产品开发有限公司日前已落户海口,椰城堆积如山的废旧轮胎将不愁没有去处. 据了解,彩色弹性橡胶地砖生产技术是一项新型的环保高科技技术,于今年 3月由北京远景新科技发展有限公司开发研制成功,为废旧橡胶综合利用,减少 " 黑色污染”开辟出一条新途径. 目前该项技术已在山东、武汉、河北邯郸、抚顺等地投产使用. 今年 7月燕科环保产品开发有限公司将该项技术带到海口,并在滨海大道设厂准备投产. 据介绍,这项技术采用特殊工艺和技术手段,将废旧橡胶制品粉碎,又用特殊材料粘合压模成地砖. 整个生产过程没有废水、废气、废渣的排放,不产生任何污染,且对废旧轮胎不论大小纯度,利用率均可达 80%. 生产出来的彩色橡胶弹性地砖由两层不同密度的材料构成,彩色面层采用细胶粉并经特殊工艺着色. 这种地砖能使使用者在行走时脚感舒适,身心放松,且无噪音. 适用于健身房、运动场、儿童及老年人活动中心、微机房等场所. 海南省有丰富的橡胶资源,从技术角度说,将割胶后残留在树边的干胶块掺在胶粉里,生产出来的地砖质量会更好. (叶成 )     

浅谈胶粉的应用(续一)

(接上期)2.2.2 胶带输送带覆盖胶中掺用低温粉碎法的50目的胶粉,其配方与性能见表12.     

冷冻胶粉粒度对橡胶胶料力学性能的影响

研究了冷冻胶粉粒度对橡胶胶料力学性能的影响,发现添加冷冻胶粉会使胶料的力学性能下降,胶粉粒度越大,胶料性能下降的程度越严重。同时还发现,薄通处理可以改善胶粉的表面活性,减轻胶粉粒度对胶料性能的影响,改善胶料的力学性能。     

我国废橡胶粉用于沥青改性的研究及应用

从道路建设与防水卷材制造两方面,描述了我国废橡胶粉在沥青改性用途中的研究及应用现状。大量国内试验及应用实例表明,与普通石油沥青相比,胶粉改性沥青的针入度、延度、软化点、温度敏感性、稳定性和抗老化性等性能均得到了改善。此外,较之其他种类的沥青改性剂,废橡胶粉成本低,具有环保与资源节约的优点,对我国循环经济的发展具有重要意义。     

Properties of concrete containing scrap-tire rubber--an overview

Solid waste management is one of the major environmental concerns in the United States. Over 5 billion tons of non-hazardous solid waste materials are generated in USA each year. Of these, more than 270 million scrap-tires (approximately 3.6 million tons) are generated each year. In addition to this, about 300 million scrap-tires have been stockpiled. Several studies have been carried out to reuse scrap-tires in a variety of rubber and plastic products, incineration for production of electricity, or as fuel for cement kilns, as well as in asphalt concrete. Studies show that workable rubberized concrete mixtures can be made with scrap-tire rubber. This paper presents an overview of some of the research published regarding the use of scrap-tires in portland cement concrete. The benefits of using magnesium oxychloride cement as a binder for rubberized concrete mixtures are also presented. The paper details the likely uses of rubberized concrete.     

The Biodegradation of Latex Rubber: A Minireview

Natural rubber is used for the production of adhesives, latex gloves, tubing and tires. This widespread use is accompanied with an extensive generation of waste rubber material. In many parts of the world, especially industrialized countries, this has prompted legislation to be passed to govern the proper disposal of rubber waste. Even so, the recycling of this polymer is not widely practiced. This review looks at the useful bacteria capable of degrading this recalcitrant polymer. Furthermore we review the mechanism of action and the identification of rubber degrading genes. Clearly, a deep understanding of this biodegradative process at the biochemical and genetic level exists and should prompt the instigation of this knowledge in biotechnological applications.     

Utilization of waste tire rubber in manufacture of oriented strandboard

Some physical and mechanical properties of oriented strandboards (OSBs) containing waste tire rubber at various addition levels based on the oven-dry strand weight, using the same method as that used in the manufacture of OSB. Two resin types, phenol–formaldehyde (PF) and polyisocyanate, were used in the experiments. The manufacturing parameters were: a specific gravity of 0.65 and waste tire rubber content (10/90, 20/80 and 30/70 by wt.% of waste tire rubber/wood strand). Average internal bond values of PF-bonded OSB panels with rubber chips were between 17.6% and 48.5% lower than the average of the control samples while polyisocyanate bonded OSBs were 16.5–50.6%. However, water resistance and mechanical properties of OSBs made using polyisocyanate resin were found to comply with general-purpose OSB minimum property requirements of EN 300 Type 1 (1997) values for use in dry conditions at the lowest tire rubber loading level (10%) based on the oven-dry panel weight. The tire rubber improved water resistance of the OSB panel due to its almost hydrophobic property. Based on the findings obtained from this study, we concluded that waste tire rubber could be used for general-purpose OSB manufacturing up to 10% ratio based on the oven-dry panel weight.     

Characterization of the properties of thermoplastic elastomers containing waste rubber tire powder

The aim of this research was to recycle waste rubber tires by using powdering technology and treating the waste rubber tire powder with bitumen. It has been proven that the elongation at break, thermal stability and processing flowability of composites of polypropylene (PP), waste rubber tire powder (WRT) and bitumen composites are better than those of PP/WRT composite. A comparative study has been made to evaluate the influence of bitumen content and different compatibilizers on the properties of PP/WRT/bitumen composites, using a universal testing machine (UTM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a capillary rheometer. The results suggested that the properties of PP/WRT/bitumen composites were dependent on the bitumen content and the kind of compatibilizer used.     

Sample preparation and biomass determination of SRF model mixture using cryogenic milling and the adapted balance method

The biogenic fraction of a simple solid recovered fuel (SRF) mixture (80 wt% printer paper/20 wt% high density polyethylene) is analyzed with the in-house developed adapted balance method (aBM). This fairly new approach is a combination of combustion elemental analysis (CHNS) and a data reconciliation algorithm based on successive linearisation for evaluation of the analysis results. This method shows a great potential as an alternative way to determine the biomass content in SRF. However, the employed analytical technique (CHNS elemental analysis) restricts the probed sample mass to low amounts in the range of a few hundred milligrams. This requires sample comminution to small grain sizes (<200 μm) to generate representative SRF specimen. This is not easily accomplished for certain material mixtures (e.g. SRF with rubber content) by conventional means of sample size reduction.This paper presents a proof of principle investigation of the sample preparation and analysis of an SRF model mixture with the use of cryogenic impact milling (final sample comminution) and the adapted balance method (determination of biomass content). The so derived sample preparation methodology (cutting mills and cryogenic impact milling) shows a better performance in accuracy and precision for the determination of the biomass content than one solely based on cutting mills. The results for the determination of the biogenic fraction are within 1–5% of the data obtained by the reference methods, selective dissolution method (SDM) and ¹⁴C-method (¹⁴C-M).     

Possibility of using waste tire rubber and fly ash with Portland cement as construction materials

The growing amount of waste rubber produced from used tires has resulted in an environmental problem. Recycling waste tires has been widely studied for the last 20 years in applications such as asphalt pavement, waterproofing systems and membrane liners. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing fly ash and rubber waste with Portland cement as a composite material for masonry applications. Class C fly ash and waste automobile tires in three different sizes were used with Portland cement. Compressive and flexural strength, dry unit weight and water absorption tests were performed on the composite specimens containing waste tire rubber. The compressive strength decreased by increasing the rubber content while increased by increasing the fly ash content for all curing periods. This trend is slightly influenced by particle size. For flexural strength, the specimens with waste tire rubber showed higher values than the control mix probably due to the effect of rubber fibers. The dry unit weight of all specimens decreased with increasing rubber content, which can be explained by the low specific gravity of rubber particles. Water absorption decreased slightly with the increase in rubber particles size. These composite materials containing 10% Portland cement, 70% and 60% fly ash and 20% and 30% tire rubber particles have sufficient strength for masonry applications.     

Recycling of waste tyre rubber into oil absorbent

The abundant and indiscriminant disposal of waste tyres has caused both health and environmental problems. In this work, we provide a new way to dispose off waste tyres by reusing the waste tyre rubber (WTR) for oil absorptive material production. To investigate this feasibility, a series of absorbents were prepared by graft copolymerization-blending method, using waste tyre rubber and 4-tert-butylstyrene (tBS) as monomers. Divinylbenzene (DVB) and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) were employed as crosslinker and initiator, respectively. The existence of graft-blends (WTR-g-tBS) was determined by FTIR spectrometry and verified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In addition, the thermal properties of WTR-g-tBS were confirmed by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Oil absorbency of the grafted-blends increased with increases in either feed ratio of WTR to tBS or DVB concentration. This absorbency reached a maximum of 24.0gg(-1) as the feed ratio and DVB concentration were 60/40 and 1wt%, respectively, after which it decreased. At other ratios and concentrations the absorbency decreased. The gel fraction of grafted-blends increased with increasing concentration of DVB. Oil-absorption processes in pure toluene and crude oil diluted with toluene were found to adhere to first-order absorption kinetics. Furthermore, the oil-absorption rate in diluted crude oil was observed to be lower than pure toluene.     

Mass,energy and material balances of SRF production process. Part 2: SRF produced from construction and demolition waste

In this work, the fraction of construction and demolition waste (C&D waste) complicated and economically not feasible to sort out for recycling purposes is used to produce solid recovered fuel (SRF) through mechanical treatment (MT). The paper presents the mass, energy and material balances of this SRF production process. All the process streams (input and output) produced in MT waste sorting plant to produce SRF from C&D waste are sampled and treated according to CEN standard methods for SRF. Proximate and ultimate analysis of these streams is performed and their composition is determined. Based on this analysis and composition of process streams their mass, energy and material balances are established for SRF production process. By mass balance means the overall mass flow of input waste material stream in the various output streams and material balances mean the mass flow of components of input waste material stream (such as paper and cardboard, wood, plastic (soft), plastic (hard), textile and rubber) in the various output streams of SRF production process. The results from mass balance of SRF production process showed that of the total input C&D waste material to MT waste sorting plant, 44% was recovered in the form of SRF, 5% as ferrous metal, 1% as non-ferrous metal, and 28% was sorted out as fine fraction, 18% as reject material and 4% as heavy fraction. The energy balance of this SRF production process showed that of the total input energy content of C&D waste material to MT waste sorting plant, 74% was recovered in the form of SRF, 16% belonged to the reject material and rest 10% belonged to the streams of fine fraction and heavy fraction. From the material balances of this process, mass fractions of plastic (soft), paper and cardboard, wood and plastic (hard) recovered in the SRF stream were 84%, 82%, 72% and 68% respectively of their input masses to MT plant. A high mass fraction of plastic (PVC) and rubber material was found in the reject material stream. Streams of heavy fraction and fine fraction mainly contained non-combustible material (such as stone/rock, sand particles and gypsum material).