共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
远程氮等离子体改性活性炭纤维及其吸附性能研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用远程等离子体方法对活性炭纤维(ACF)进行表面功能化改性。研究了放电参数(放电时间、氮气压力、放电功率)与远程位置对ACF减重率及吸附性能的影响。结果表明,远程氮等离子体中的电子、离子对试样的刻蚀作用被抑制,远程等离子体改性后的ACF比未改性的ACF以及放电区的吸附剂对结晶紫的去除效果要好。ACF经过远程氮等离子体改性后,表面出现羧基,增加了其表面酸性含氧官能团,从而增强了对碱性染料结晶紫的吸附能力。当氮气压力10Pa、放电功率60W、放电时间100s时,在远程区80cm处经改性后的ACF的吸附性能最佳。 相似文献
2.
3.
采用催化臭氧氧化—生物活性炭吸附组合工艺处理反渗透(RO)浓水,比较了4种催化剂催化臭氧氧化的性能,优化了初始RO浓水pH、臭氧氧化时间、生物活性炭柱空床停留时间(EBRT)等工艺条件。实验结果表明:以WP-01为催化剂催化臭氧氧化RO浓水时无需调节废水pH;臭氧氧化反应5 min时RO浓水的BOD5/COD达0.28,可生化性得到显著改善;WP-01催化剂重复使用30次其催化活性没有明显下降;生物活性炭吸附单元的EBRT控制在30 min左右,可确保出水COD稳定在50 mg/L以下,符合GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》的一级A标准;催化臭氧单元处理每吨RO浓水的电费约为1.22元。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
活性炭催化氧化法去除废水中COD的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文研究了温和条件下以活性炭为催化剂用空气氧化工业废水中有机污染物的可能性。试验结果表明,影响催化氧化作用效率的因素有污染物的可氧化性、活性炭用量、温度、pH以及废水的COD等。在活性炭用量适中、温度稍高(70℃)、pH较低以及污染物较易氧化等条件下,催化氧化法去除COD的效率较吸附法高30—60%。本文还对活性炭催化氧化机理作了一般性的分析和探讨。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
采用多针-板鼓泡气液混合纳秒脉冲放电等离子体系统对吸附苯酚饱和的活性炭进行再生。考察了外加电压、初始溶液电导率、初始溶液pH以及活性炭与高压电极之间的距离对活性炭再生效果的影响,表征了放电处理后活性炭表面官能团的变化。实验结果表明:在高低压电极间距25 mm、初始溶液电导率5 μS/cm、初始溶液pH=6、活性炭与高压电极之间距离0 mm的条件下,活性炭再生效果最好,再生率为126%,能量效率为15.1 kg/(kW·h)。表征结果显示,再生炭表面的O—H、C=C、C=O、C—O等官能团的含量均增加。 相似文献
10.
11.
In this study, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste from post-consumer soft-drink bottles and crude glycerol from the biodiesel industry were used for the preparation of polyols and polyurethane foams. PET waste was firstly depolymerized by the glycolysis of diethylene glycol. The glycolyzed PET oligomers were then reacted with crude glycerol at different weight ratios to produce polyols via a series of reactions, such as esterification, transesterification, condensation, and polycondensation. The polyols were characterized by titration, viscometry, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry. Subsequently, polyurethane (PU) foams were made via the reaction between the produced polyols and polymeric methylene-4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate and were characterized by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Polyols from crude glycerol and their PU foams were also prepared to compare properties with those of polyols and PU foams from PET and crude glycerol. The influence of aromatic segments existing in glycolyzed PET and glycerol content on the properties of the polyols and PU foams was investigated. It was found that aromatic segments of polyols from glycolyzed PET helped increase their molecular weights and improve thermal stability of PU foams, while high glycerol content in polyols increased the hydroxyl number of polyols and the density and compressive strength of PU foams. 相似文献
12.
在燃煤电厂建设运行的同时,将引起一系列的水土流失问题.以四川国电金堂电厂二期扩建工程为例,简要说明项目区水土流失预测的内容和方法,并在其基础上对可能产生的水土流失和危害进行了分析,同时介绍了建设期和运行期采取的综合防治措施,为类似工程的水土保持提供借鉴. 相似文献
13.
14.
Pyrolysis of virgin and waste polypropylene and its mixtures with waste polyethylene and polystyrene 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A comparison of waste and virgin polypropylene (PP) plastics under slow pyrolysis conditions is presented. Moreover, mixtures of waste PP with wastes of polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) were pyrolyzed under the same operating conditions. Not only the impact of waste on degradation products but also impacts of the variations in the mixing ratio were investigated. The thermogravimetric weight loss curves and their derivatives of virgin and waste PP showed differences due to the impurities which are dirt and food residues. The liquid yield distribution concerning the aliphatic, mono-aromatic and poly-aromatic compounds varies as the ratio of PP waste increases in the waste plastic mixtures. In addition to this, the alkene/alkane ratio of gas products shows variations depending on the mixing ratio of wastes. 相似文献
15.
首先对北京市居民每年购买新衣服的数量、支出、穿着时间、淘汰原因,以及闲置衣服的处理方式、数量等进行了调查与分析,然后对北京市居民对旧衣物回收利用的认识、回收形式及其处理方式,对旧衣物如何处理回收、再利用的担忧,对希望旧衣物回收箱摆放的场所等进行了调查与分析。其研究结果对废旧纺织品回收体系建设、制度及政策制定具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
16.
Photo-oxidation and Photo-toxicity of Crude and Refined Oils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Richard F Lee 《Spill Science & Technology Bulletin》2003,8(2):157-162
The fate and effects of an oil spill are effected by solar radiation through the action of photo-oxidation and photo-toxicity. Photo-oxidation, an important process in the weathering of oil, produces a variety of oxidized compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, esters, epoxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, phenols, anhydrides, quinones and aliphatic and aromatic alcohols. Some of these compounds contribute to the marine biota toxicity observed after an oil spill. Photo-toxicity occurs when uptake of certain petroleum compounds, e.g. certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzothiophenes, is followed by solar exposure which results in much greater toxicity than after dark uptake. The mechanism of PAH photo-toxicity includes absorbance of solar radiation by the PAH which produces a free radical and this free radical in turn reacts with oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA and other cellular macromolecules. While most studies on photo-toxicity have been carried out in the laboratory, there are studies showing that water from an oil spill is photo-toxic to bivalve embryos for at least a few days after the spill. Other studies have found that oil contaminated sediments are photo-toxic to several marine invertebrates. More studies are required to determine if marine fauna at an oil spill site are effected by the action of photo-toxicity and photo-oxidation. 相似文献
17.
Novel and innovative pyrolysis and gasification technologies for energy efficient and environmentally sound MSW disposal 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
Malkow T 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2004,24(1):53-79
Within the context of European Union (EU) energy policy and sustainibility in waste management, recent EU regulations demand energy efficient and environmentally sound disposal methods of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Currently, landfill with its many drawbacks is the preferred option in the EU and many other industrialised countries. Within the waste management hierarchy thermal disposal especially incineration is a viable and proven alternative. But, the dominating method, mass-burn grate incineration has drawbacks as well particularly hazardous emissions and harmful process residues. In recent years, pyrolysis and gasification technologies have emerged to address these issues and improve the energy output. To keep the many players in the field comprehensively informed and up-to-date, novel and innovative technology approaches emphasising European developments are reviewed. 相似文献
18.
吴春芳 《再生资源与循环经济》2013,6(3)
高校是社会的一个特殊群体,承载着人才培养、科学研究、社会服务和文化传承创新等重任.解决好广大师生在日常工作、学习和生活中所产生的各类废弃物的处理处置问题,以及大学校园的环境规划和环境管理问题,是办好现代大学的重要工作.就高校面临的环境问题、高校环境管理的特殊性和高校废弃物处理处置中应该注意的问题等进行探讨. 相似文献
19.
20.
Angelaki A. Sakellariou-Makrantonaki M. Tzimopoulos C. 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2004,4(4-5):241-251
Soil water cumulative infiltration affects the environment by controlling the irrigation rate and consequently the water and pollutants movement through the ground. In order to study the cumulative infiltration in a sandy soil sample, experiments were performed in the laboratory. The sample was placed uniformly in a transparent column with an inner diameter of 6 cm. A constant head boundary condition of a 2 mm height was applied on the surface of the sample and the cumulative volume of the incoming water was measured. Soil moisture at four locations of the column was measured, by using the TDR method in order to obtain the moisture profiles. By comparing the values of the infiltrated water volumes with those calculated by the integration of the moisture profiles, a good agreement was found out. Also the Parlange theoretical model fitted very well with the infiltration experimental points. 相似文献