共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
首先建立了微生物衰减系数和污泥浓度、底物浓度的函数关系式,带入Lawrence-McCarty第一方程式得到了Logistic方程形式的微生物生长方程式.在分析污泥泥龄和污泥停留时间关系基础上,引入Monod方程建立了活性污泥动力学模型,推导证明了Lawrence-McCarty方程式是模型静态条件下的表达形式.用建立的活性污泥动力学模型对完全混合式污泥系统进行了模拟,并分析了水力停留时间Hydraulic retention time(HRT)和污泥停留时间Sludge retention time(SRT)对完全混合式污泥系统的影响,表明模型能很好地对活性污泥系统的动态过程进行模拟.根据模型编程画出了污泥系统相关变量关于HRT和SRT变化的三维曲面图,通过编程将复杂模型看作一定输入输出的函数,使得模型更易于应用和推广. 相似文献
2.
The influence of pH, competitor ions (NaNO3) and aerobic and anaerobic stabilization of activated sludge on the cadmium uptake by activated sludge solids was investigated. Above 0.08 mg L‐1 cadmium in solution, biosorption was found to follow the Freundlich isotherm. Active cellular uptake of soluble cadmium does not appear to be a significant mechanism of the biosorption. In addition, the cadmium uptake is not completely reversible. The adsorption of cadmium by activated sludge seems to involve a physico‐chemical mechanism with especially weak electrostatic interactions with ion‐exchange reaction. The optimum adsorption pH was 7.5. Adsorption is influenced by sodium ion concentrations up to an equivalent conductivity of 10 000 μS cm‐1. Aerobic and anaerobic stabilization of activated sludge increase systematically the initial adsorption capacities. Respirometric measurements were done to evaluate the inhibitive effects of cadmium on activated sludge. Monod's equation and the equation of non‐competitive inhibition were used to describe the toxicity related to cadmium uptake. These two equations appear to be complementary. 相似文献
3.
Hongcan Cui Ronghua Xu Zhong Yu Yuanyuan Yao Shaoqing Zhang Fangang Meng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(3):36
4.
G. Pavlogeorgatos 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(4-6):159-167
The primal purpose of this research project is to examine the size distribution of the Suspended Solids (SS) of an activated sludge pilot plant, under different operational conditions and during the introduction of wastewater contaminated with mercury of different concentrations (10–100 µg/L Hg(NO3)2). While the experiment was being conducted, the most important parameters of the pilot plant (COD, TOC, MLSS, SS, NH4, PO4, total number of bacteria – coccoids and rods, pH, DO, T etc.) were measured; this fact led to the inference of conclusions that connect the distribution of the size of the SS with those parameters. The main conclusions of this research work are: (a) the important interaction of the removal ability of the organic loading of the plant and the size distribution of the SS at the aeration tank and the outlet of the plant and (b) the input of the mercury-contaminated wastewater at the plant affects the size distribution of the SS at the aeration tank. The second conclusion probably indicates a possible way that microorganisms of the aeration tank react to the introduction of mercury. 相似文献
5.
Shuai MA Siyu ZENG Xin DONG Jining CHEN Gustaf OLSSON 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(4):694
Full-scale experiments have been carried out to adapt the activated sludge model ASM2d to include the influence of metal dosage (Fe3+ and Al3+) for phosphorus removal. Phosphorus removal rates, nitrification rates, as well as pH and sludge settling performance, were evaluated as functions of the metal dosages. Furthermore, models relating certain parameters to the dosage of chemicals have been derived. Corresponding parameters in the ASM2d and the secondary settler models, included in the Benchmark Simulation Model No 1 (BSM1), have been modified to take the metal influence into consideration. Based on the effluent limits and penalty policy of China, an equivalent evaluation method was derived for the total cost assessment. A large number of 300-day steady-state and 14-day open-loop dynamic simulations were performed to demonstrate the difference in behavior between the original and the modified BSM1. The results show that 1) both in low and high mole concentrations, Fe3+ addition results in a higher phosphorus removal rate than Al3+; 2) the sludge settling velocity will increase due to the metal addition; 3) the respiration rate of the activated sludge is decreased more by the dosage of Al3+ than Fe3+; 4) the inhibition of Al3+ on the nitrification rate is stronger than that of Fe3+; 5) the total operating cost will reach the minimum point for smaller dosages of Fe3+, but always increase with Al3+ addition. 相似文献
6.
Luman Zhou Chengyang Wu Yuwei Xie Siqing Xia 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(2):27
7.
Biosorption properties of arsenate [As(V)] onto activated sludge were investigated in batch systems. The adsorption of As(V)
onto sludge increased from 23 to 266 μg/g dry weight through the methylation of the activated sludge. This increase resulted
from neutralization of carboxylic groups via the methylation process. The pH effect of As(V) uptake was also investigated
and As(V) adsorption by methylated sludge decreased significantly at high pH (pH > 11) due to competition between As(V) and
OH− ions for binding sites distributed on sludge surfaces. In contrast, low pH favored As(V) adsorption by methylated sludge
because of the elevated quantities of positively charged functional groups. The results suggest that methylated activated
sludge may provide promising applications for the simultaneous removal and separation of As(V) from aqueous effluents. 相似文献
8.
改性污泥活性炭对苯乙烯的吸附 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以城市污泥为原料制备活性炭,对其进行改性,研究了改性前后的比表面积、表面酸碱基团、对苯乙烯的静态吸附容量、吸附穿透曲线、脱附活化能等吸附性能.结果表明,硫酸铜溶液浸渍改性后可使污泥活性炭比表面积明显提高,其中0.1 mol.L-1硫酸铜溶液浸渍改性的污泥活性炭较改性前的比表面积提高了32%(达704.7 m.2g-1).硫酸铝溶液和硫酸铜溶液浸渍改性可以使污泥活性炭表面酸性基团含量提高、表面碱性基团含量减少;对苯乙烯的静态吸附容量提高到改性前的两倍以上(分别达211.4 mg.g-1和178.8 mg.g-1)、对苯乙烯的动态吸附穿透时间由2 min提高到10 min以上、脱附活化能由2.94 kJ.mol-1提高到6 kJ.mol-1以上.改性后活性污泥炭的吸附性能得到明显提高. 相似文献
9.
Zecong Yu Keke Xiao Yuwei Zhu Mei Sun Sha Liang Jingping Hu Huijie Hou Bingchuan Liu Jiakuan Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(6):80
10.
通过模拟好氧活性污泥实验,采用PCR-DGGE技术并监测不同时期的CODCr、脱氢酶和总蛋白质的质量浓度,研究在外源和内源呼吸模式下,微生物群落结构及相关生物活性的变化。结果表明:未添加碳源处理中 CODCr的质量浓度稳定在100 mg·L-1左右;脱氢酶的质量浓度从1μg·mL-1降低到接近0μg·mL-1;总蛋白的质量浓度从0.05 mg·mL-1上升至0.07 mg·mL-1后下降至0.01 mg·mL-1左右;同时,微生物群落结构变化不大。外加葡萄糖处理中CODCr的质量浓度从1000 mg·L-1下降并稳定在100 mg·L-1左右;脱氢酶的质量浓度从2μg·mL-1上升到5μg·mL-1;总蛋白的质量浓度均从0.05 mg·mL-1上升至0.07 mg·mL-1后下降至0.005 mg·mL-1左右;同时,微生物群落多样性呈现收敛趋势。内源和外源呼吸模式下的活性污泥中,变形菌门( Proteobacteria )都是绝对优势种群,其次是拟杆菌门( Bacteroidetes )。内源呼吸末期δ-变形菌门(Deltaproteobacteria)消失,外源呼吸末期硝化螺菌门(Nitrospirae)消失。 相似文献
11.
以膜生物反应器中的活性污泥为研究对象,考察接种驯化至膜污染时期的微生物群落结构的特征和演变过程.在试验运行中,定期采集样品提取DNA,并应用PCR-DGGE技术探究微生物菌群的变化.结果表明,在反应器运行接种5 d后,微生物群落结构已发生较大改变,与接种污泥相似性指数下降到47.8%;在运行的整个过程中,微生物种群多样性都要低于接种污泥,随着处理工艺运行,种群间进行逐步有序的演替.在运行后期,跨膜压力增速提高,此时占优势地位的菌种是Enterococcus faecalis、Comamonas sp.、不可培养的Fusobacterium sp.,可能是导致膜污染的主要菌种. 相似文献
12.
Bing Zhang Chenxiang Sun Huimin Lin Wei Liu Wentao Qin Tan Chen Ting Yang Xianghua Wen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(10):122
13.
Yuanyuan Zhang Masashi Kuroda Shunsuke Arai Fumitaka Kato Daisuke Inoue Michihiko Ike 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(5):68
14.
Xi CHEN Linjiang YUAN Wenjuan LU Yuyou LI Pei LIU Kun NIE 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(2):324
Aerobic granules were formed in a conventional, continuous flow, completely mixed activated sludge system (CMAS). The reactor was inoculated with seed sludge containing few filaments and fed with synthetic municipal wastewater. The settling time of the sludge and the average dissolved oxygen (DO) of the reactor were 2 h and 4.2 mg·L-1, respectively. The reactor was agitated by a stirrer, with a speed of 250 r·min-1, to ensure good mixing.The granular sludge had good settleability, and the sludge volume index (SVI) was between 50 and 90 mL·g-1. The laser particle analyzer showed the diameter of the granules to be between 0.18 and 1.25 mm. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigation revealed the predominance of sphere-like and rod-like bacteria, and only few filaments grew in the granules. The microbial community structure of the granules was also analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Sequencing analysis indicated the dominant species were α, β, and γ-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. The data from the study suggested that aerobic granules could form, if provided with sufficient number of filaments and high shear force. It was also observed that a high height-to-diameter ratio of the reactor and short settling time were not essential for the formation of aerobic granular sludge. 相似文献
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16.
Aoshuang Jing Tao Liu Xie Quan Shuo Chen Yaobin Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(5):69
17.
Ling Wang Chunxue Yang Sangeetha Thangavel Zechong Guo Chuan Chen Aijie Wang Wenzong Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):56
18.
Xiaoli Song Zhenghua Shi Xiufen Li Xinhua Wang Yueping Ren 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):25
19.
Sijia Ai Hongyu Liu Mengjie Wu Guangming Zeng Chunping Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(6):3
Three acid-producing strains, AFB-1, AFB-2 and AFB-3, were isolated during this study, and their roles in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS) were evaluated. Data of 16S rRNA method showed that AFB-1 and AFB-2 were Bacillus coagulans, and AFB-3 was Escherichia coli. The removal in terms of volatile solids (VS) and total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) was maximized at 42.7% and 44.7% by inoculating Bacillus coagulans AFB-1. Besides, the optimal inoculum concentration of Bacillus coagulans AFB-1 was 30% (v/v). Solubilization degree experiments indicated that solubilization ratios (SR) of WAS reached 20.8%±2.2%, 17.7%±1.48%, and 11.1%±1.53%. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations and compositions were also explored with a gas chromatograph. The results showed that VFAs improved by 98.5%, 53.0% and 11.6% than those of the control, respectively. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) experiments revealed that biogas production increased by 90.7% and 75.3% when inoculating with Bacillus coagulans AFB-1 and AFB-2. These results confirmed that the isolated acid-producing bacteria, especially Bacillus coagulans, was a good candidate for anaerobic digestion of WAS.
相似文献
20.
在AB工艺中,利用A段活性吸附去除重金属从而降低B段污泥中重金属含量,使其达到农用标准(GB4284-84酸性土壤控制标准)。利用小型污水处理实验场,模拟研究了AB工艺A段中重金属的去除情况,对AB运行控制参数进行优化探讨,以使A段能有效去除大部分重金属,并尽可能降低有毒有害污泥产量。结果表明:溶解氧质量浓度控制在0.5mg·L-1,污泥质量浓度调节为约500mg·L-1时,Cu2+去除率可达87.6%,Zn2+的去除率为78.7%,Ni2+去除率为51%。当污泥质量浓度在1000~1500mg·L-1时,A段处理后污泥沉降性能好转,对重金属离子的去除有较好的效果,且不过多截留污水中的有机物。且B段剩余污泥中的Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+含量都基本达到酸性土壤污泥农用控制标准。因此,适当控制AB工艺相关参数条件,利用A段活性污泥去除大部分重金属,降低B段产泥中重金属含量,达到农业控制标准是可行的,污泥经处理后进行土地资源化利用可成为我国污泥处置与利用的一种有效途径。 相似文献