千岛湖水体悬浮颗粒物吸收特性及其典型季节差异

利用千岛湖2012年12月~2013年2月冬季及2013年6~8月夏季的采样数据,分析了千岛湖水体的营养水平和悬浮颗粒物的吸收特性季节变化及空间分布规律.结果表明千岛湖营养水平夏高冬低,整体处于中营养水平.冬季和夏季总悬浮颗粒物吸收系数在440 nm的均值分别为:(0.20±0.07)m-1和(0.24±0.17)m-1;675 nm的均值为(0.07±0.02)m-1和(0.10±0.07)m-1;夏季显著高于冬季(t-test,P<0.05).冬季总悬浮颗粒物的吸收光谱可分为两种情况:西北湖区与浮游植物吸收类似,其它站点与非藻类颗粒物的吸收相似;而夏季,在可见光范围,50%以上总悬浮颗粒物的吸收是由藻类颗粒物贡献,因此,总悬浮颗粒物的吸收光谱曲线与浮游植物光谱曲线类似.冬夏季浮游植物吸收系数差异显著(P<0.05),440 nm均值分别为(0.10±0.03)m-1和(0.17±0.14)m-1;相应地675 nm的均值为(0.05±0.02)m-1和(0.08±0.07)m-1.冬季和夏季440 nm浮游植物比吸收系数(以Chla计)的均值分别为:(0.045±0.010)m2·mg-1和(0.039±0.013)m2·mg-1;675 nm处为:(0.022±0.004)m2·mg-1和(0.019±0.005)m2·mg-1.440 nm和675 nm浮游植物吸收系数随Chla浓度及综合营养状态指数的增加线性增大;比吸收系数和Chla浓度呈幂函数关系,随Chla浓度增大而减小.冬季非藻类颗粒物吸收与无机颗粒物的相关性最好;夏季440 nm非藻类颗粒物吸收与总悬浮颗粒物和有机颗粒物呈线性关系,随着总悬浮颗粒物和有机颗粒物含量增加非藻类颗粒物吸收增加.     

浅水湖泊水动力过程对藻型湖区水体生物光学特性的影响

基于2010年7月底至8月初对太湖藻型湖区梅梁湾沿岸带水域不同风速条件下水下光场的原位连续高频观测,通过对水下辐照度、光束衰减系数、吸收系数、相关理化参数及气象水文参数的测定与分析,揭示了该区域水体的生物光学特性变化及其与水动力过程的关系.结果表明,总颗粒物吸收系数ap(440)、非色素颗粒物吸收系数ad(440)、浮游植物吸收系数aph(440)及有色可溶性有机物吸收系数aCDOM(440)在小风(30 min内平均风速<3 m.s-1)、中风(3 m.s-1<风速<5 m.s-1)和大风(风速>5 m.s-1)作用下分别为3.97、3.97、6.58 m-1;1.69、2.17、4.20 m-1;2.28、1.80、1.33 m-1;1.05、1.04、1.08 m-1,其中变幅最大的为非色素颗粒物,CDOM吸收系数在不同风速条件下差别不大.水体各组分在PAR波段积分值的贡献率的变化规律为:小风速下浮游植物吸收系数的贡献最大(达42.5%),随着风速的增大,CDOM、浮游植物、纯水吸收系数的贡献率均有降低的趋势,而非色素颗粒物的贡献率则显著增大,分别为33.0%、41.7%、52.0%.PAR漫射衰减系数与10min平均风速呈显著线性相关,风速引起的沉积物再悬浮对PAR漫射衰减系数的影响显著,从小风到大风,PAR漫射衰减系数增加了80.0%,对应真光层深度降低了42.2%.PAR漫射衰减系数、750 nm波长处的光束衰减系数、总悬浮物浓度与风速、波高、波切应力均存在显著正相关,其中又以PAR漫射衰减系数的相关性最为显著.高频观测结果揭示了浅水湖泊藻型湖区水动力过程通过引起沉积物再悬浮、浮游植物的混合及迁移显著改变水体生物光学特性短期变化.     

Response surface method for modeling the removal of carbon dioxide from a simulated gas using water absorption enhanced with a liquid-film-forming device

This paper presents the results from using a physical absorption process to absorb gaseous CO_2mixed with N_2using water by producing tiny bubbles via a liquid-film-forming device(LFFD)that improves the solubility of CO_2in water.The influence of various parameters—pressure,initial CO_2concentration,gas-to-liquid ratios,and temperature—on the CO_2removal efficiency and its absorption rate in water were investigated and estimated thoroughly by statistical polynomial models obtained by the utilization of the response surface method(RSM)with a central composite design(CCD).Based on the analysis,a high efficiency of CO_2capture can be reached in conditions such as low pressure,high CO_2concentration at the inlet,low gas/liquid ratio,and low temperature.For instance,the highest removal efficiency in the RSM–CCD experimental matrix of nearly 80%occurred for run number 20,which was conducted at 0.30 MPa,CO_2concentration of 35%,gas/liquid ratio of 0.71,and temperature of 15°C.Furthermore,the coefficients of determination,R~2,were 0.996 for the removal rate and 0.982 for the absorption rate,implying that the predicted values computed by the constructed models correlate strongly and fit well with the experimental values.The results obtained provide essential information for implementing this method properly and effectively and contribute a promising approach to the problem of CO_2capture in air pollution treatment.     

Reactive uptake of NO2 on volcanic particles: A possible source of HONO in the atmosphere

The heterogeneous degradation of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) on five samples of natural Icelandic volcanic particles has been investigated. Laboratory experiments were carried out under simulated atmospheric conditions using a coated wall flow tube (CWFT). The CWFT reactor was coupled to a blue light nitrogen oxides analyzer (NO_x analyzer), and a long path absorption photometer (LOPAP) to monitor in real time the concentrations of NO₂, NO and HONO, respectively. Under dark and ambient relative humidity conditions, the steady state uptake coefficients of NO₂ varied significantly between the volcanic samples probably due to differences in magma composition and morphological variation related with the density of surface OH groups. The irradiation of the surface with simulated sunlight enhanced the uptake coefficients by a factor of three indicating that photo-induced processes on the surface of the dust occur. Furthermore, the product yields of NO and HONO were determined under both dark and simulated sunlight conditions. The relative humidity was found to influence the distribution of gaseous products, promoting the formation of gaseous HONO. A detailed reaction mechanism is proposed that supports our experimental observations. Regarding the atmospheric implications, our results suggest that the NO₂ degradation on volcanic particles and the corresponding formation of HONO is expected to be significant during volcanic dust storms or after a volcanic eruption.     

基于QAA算法的巢湖悬浮物浓度反演研究

QAA(quasi-analytical algorithm)算法基于辐射传输原理,估算水体后向散射系数,是目前较为成熟的半分析模型方法.2009年6月对巢湖水体进行野外实测,在获得遥感反射率、吸收衰减系数、悬浮物浓度(cTSM)等数据的基础上,构建了巢湖水体cTSM的近红外双波段反演模型,并将QAA算法计算得到的后向散射概率作为输入,以期提高cTSM的反演精度.结果表明,①对巢湖水体而言,807 nm和834 nm是构建近红外双波段模型的最佳波段,807 nm处的单位散射系数为0.411 m2.g-1,834 nm处的单位散射系数为0.395 m2.g-1;②利用QAA算法计算得到的巢湖水体的后向散射概率为0.029,将该值输入反演模型后,cTSM的反演精度与输入其他经验值相比得到明显提高,反演值与实测值的均方根误差RMSE和平均相对误差绝对值MAPE分别达到12.143 mg.L-1和24.378%;③在cTSM较高的站点(近似高于30 mg.L-1),利用近红外双波段模型反演的悬浮物浓度结果更为稳定和可靠.     

太湖流域上游平原河网污染物综合衰减系数的测定

改善太湖水质需要削减上游河流进入太湖的污染物总量.为了探求太湖流域上游平原河网的自净能力,开展原位实验测定了枯水期高锰酸盐指数、氨氮(NH_4~+-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的综合衰减系数,根据河道的水力特征对综合衰减系数进行了修正,并利用一维稳态水质模型对修正前后综合衰减系数的可靠性进行了验证.结果表明,高锰酸盐指数、NH_4~+-N、TN和TP的综合衰减系数分别为:0.0296~0.4106、0.0224~0.3564、0.0137~0.3046和0.0555~0.5725 d~(-1).可靠性验证表明高锰酸盐指数、NH_4~+-N、TN和TP综合衰减系数修正前的平均相对误差分别为8.39%、14.40%、11.43%和19.22%,修正后的平均相对误差分别为10.65%、14.34%、11.37%和19.24%.修正前后高锰酸盐指数、NH_4~+-N、TN和TP的平均相对误差均小于20%且变化不显著,表明综合衰减系数的测定结果能够为太湖流域上游平原河网的污染物总量控制管理提供科学参数;也表明枯水期的水力条件对综合衰减系数的影响较小.     

Seasonal variation of methanesulfonic acid in precipitation at Amsterdam island in the southern Indian Ocean

A 29-month record of methanesulfonate (MSA) concentration in 103 rainwater samples has been performed at Amsterdam Island in the southern Indian Ocean. Rain water MSA concentrations range from 0.008 to 1.150 μeql⁻¹ with a mean value of 0.187 ± 0.054 μeql⁻¹. A strong seasonal variation in rain water MSA concentration was found with a minimum in winter and a maximum in summer, similar to that observed for atmospheric DMS concentrations measured during the same period. The annual average MSA wet deposition during the studied period was 0.51 μeq m⁻² d⁻¹ which represents roughly 20% of the annual average DMS flux.     

氨对甲苯二次有机气溶胶形成和化学组分的影响研究

氨(NH_3)是大气中常见的主要碱性污染气体,能够影响二次有机气溶胶(SOA)的形成和化学组分.本文利用自制的烟雾腔系统开展了NH_3对甲苯SOA形成和化学组分的影响研究,先后采用扫描移动粒径谱仪(SMPS)、气溶胶激光飞行时间质谱仪(ALTOFMS)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(ATR-FTIR)和荧光光谱仪(MF)测量反应产生的SOA粒子的物理化学性质.结果显示,在光照60 min的时间范围内,有NH_3条件下形成的SOA质量浓度和中心粒径相比于无NH_3条件下分别增加了50%和25%,这说明NH_3能够显著促进甲苯SOA的形成.与无NH_3条件下相比,NH_3存在时甲苯SOA化学组分的紫外可见吸收光谱在270 nm处有明显的吸收峰;红外吸收光谱出现了CN、C—N、N—H键的吸收峰;激光解吸附质谱图中含有m/z=67(C_3H_3N_2~+)、m/z=41(C_2H_2N~+)和m/z=28(CH2N+)碎片峰.这些谱图信息综合表明是NH_3和甲苯SOA中的二醛组分反应形成了咪唑类新产物.这为研究人为源SOA的形成机制提供了实验依据.     

Study on gaseous CS2 using laser-induced fluorescence

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核-壳表面磁性印迹聚合物的制备及其对水中双酚A的特异性去除

采用表面印迹技术制备了核-壳结构的磁性分子印迹聚合物(Fe3O4@SiO2-MIPs),在外磁场作用下该吸附剂很容易实现固-液分离.采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)对产物的结构进行了表征.通过平衡吸附实验与斯卡查德(Scatchard)分析证实了Fe3O4@SiO2-MIPs对双酚A的吸附选择性.Freundlich模型拟合吸附等温线的相关系数R2=0.995 2;准二级动力学模型很好地拟合了吸附动力学,相关系数R2达到了0.999 9.在弱酸性条件下,制备的印迹材料表现出高吸附效率和快速的吸附动力学,达到90%的去除率仅需40 min;各种离子的存在不影响双酚A的吸附率;与非印迹聚合物(Fe3O4@SiO2-NIPs)比较,Fe3O4@SiO2-MIPs对湖水中加标的双酚A表现出显著的亲和性;7次的重复使用而性能没有明显下降证明了Fe3O4@SiO2-MIPs的可重复使用性.     

An intensive study on aerosol optical properties and affecting factors in Nanjing, China

The optical properties of aerosol as well as their impacting factors were investigated at a suburb site in Nanjing during autumn from 14 to 28 November 2012. More severe pollution was found together with lower visibility. The average scattering and absorption coefficients(B sca and B abs) were 375.7 ± 209.5 and 41.6 ± 18.7 Mm~(-1), respectively. Higher ?ngstr?m absorption and scattering exponents were attributed to the presence of more aged aerosol with smaller particles. Relative humidity(RH) was a key factor affecting aerosol extinction. High RH resulted in the impairment of visibility, with hygroscopic growth being independent of the dry extinction coefficient. The hygroscopic growth factor was 1.8 ± 1.2 with RH from 19% to 85%.Light absorption was enhanced by organic carbon(OC), elemental carbon(EC) and EC coatings,with contributions of 26%, 44% and 75%(532 nm), respectively. The B sca and B abs increased with increasing N_(100)(number concentration of PM_(2.5)with diameter above 100 nm), PM_1 surface concentration and PM_(2.5)mass concentration with good correlation.     

Optimization of CO2 adsorption capacity and cyclical adsorption/desorption on tetraethylenepentamine-supported surface-modified hydrotalcite

The objective of this research was to investigate CO_2adsorption capacity of tetraethylenepentamine-functionalized basic-modified calcined hydrotalcite(TEPA/b-c HT)sorbents at atmospheric pressure formed under varying TEPA loading levels,temperatures,sorbent weight to total gaseous flow rate(W/F)ratios and CO_2concentrations in the influent gas.The TEPA/b-c HT sorbents were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FT–IR),thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA),Brunauer–Emmet–Teller(BET)analysis of nitrogen(N_2)adsorption/desorption and carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen(CHN)elemental analysis.Moreover,a full 2~4factorial design with three central points at a 95%confidence interval was used to screen important factor(s)on the CO_2adsorption capacity.It revealed that85.0%variation in the capacity came from the influence of four main factors and the15.0%one was from their interactions.A face-centered central composite design response surface method(FCCCD–RSM)was then employed to optimize the condition,the maximal capacity of 5.5–6.1 mmol/g was achieved when operating with a TEPA loading level of 39%–49%(W/W),temperature of 76–90°C,W/F ratio of 1.7–2.60(g·sec)/cm~3and CO_2concentration of 27%–41%(V/V).The model fitted sufficiently the experimental data with an error range of±1.5%.From cyclical adsorption/desorption and selectivity at the optimal condition,the 40%TEPA/b-c HT still expressed its effective performance after eight cycles.     

强壮前沟藻生消过程中水体的散射特性

基于2011年7月藻类培养实验期间的实测数据,研究了强壮前沟藻生消过程中水体的散射特性.结果表明,强壮前沟藻本次培养周期共21d,前15 d为生长期,之后进入消亡期;生消过程中水体散射光谱变化明显,叶绿素浓度较低时,散射系数随波长增加近似呈幂函数衰减,而叶绿素浓度较高时,蓝绿光波段散射系数随波长增加呈现近似线性增大趋势,红光波段叶绿素强吸收造成的散射谷更明显;生长期和消亡期时,散射系数与叶绿素浓度幂函数回归的可决系数均随波长增加逐渐增大,750 nm波段达到最大值,R2分别为0.95、0.97;生长期时,蓝光波段散射占总散射量的比例逐渐减小,而红光波段逐渐增大,绿光波段变化较小,但基本呈现增大趋势,水色由蓝绿色逐渐变为红褐色,消亡期时,恰恰相反;生长期和消亡期的绿蓝、红蓝、红绿波段散射比与叶绿素浓度均存在正相关关系,说明随叶绿素浓度增加水色逐渐趋近于长波颜色.     

Effect of TiO2 calcination temperature on the photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous NH3

Carbon-modified titanium dioxide(TiO2) was prepared by a sol-gel method using tetrabutyl titanate as precursor, with calcination at various temperatures, and tested for the photocatalytic oxidation(PCO) of gaseous NH3 under visible and UV light. The test results showed that no samples had visible light activity, while the TiO2 calcined at 400℃ had the best UV light activity among the series of catalysts, and was even much better than the commercial catalyst P25. The catalysts were then characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller adsorption analysis, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry coupled with mass spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra, photoluminescence spectroscopy and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. It was shown that the carbon species residuals on the catalyst surfaces induced the visible light adsorption of the samples calcined in the low temperature range( 300℃). However, the surface acid sites played a determining role in the PCO of NH3 under visible and UV light over the series of catalysts. Although the samples calcined at low temperatures had very high SSA, good crystallinity, strong visible light absorption and also low PL emission intensity, they showed very low PCO activity due to their very low number of acid sites for NH3 adsorption and activation. The TiO2 sample calcined at 400℃ contained the highest number of acid sites among the series of catalysts, therefore showing the highest performance for the PCO of NH3 under UV light.     

Heterogeneous transformation of peroxyacetylnitrate

The heterogeneous decomposition of peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) has been investigated using a flow reactor and infrared spectroscopic analysis. The decomposition rate in air due to glass surfaces follows the relation d[PAN]/dt = −S/V([PAN] × 7 × 10⁷ + [CH₃C(O)OO] × 5 × 90¹²)exp(−9382/T) molecules cm⁻³ s⁻¹ (S/V=surface to volume ratio). The rate observed for NH₄HSO₄-covered surfaces is lower than in the glass case. The rate is high enough to affect many laboratory experiments but too slow to have any influence on PAN decomposition under ambient conditions.     

氨水混合吸收剂脱除CO2实验研究

氨水作为一种很有应用前景的CO2化学吸收剂,存在吸收速率慢的问题.使用湿壁塔实验台,考察了不同种类的添加剂(MEA、PZ、1-MPZ、2-MPZ)对氨水吸收CO2速率的影响.结果表明,4种添加剂均能明显提高氨水吸收CO2的速率,其中PZ具有最好的促进效果.0、0.1、0.3和0.5 mol·mol-1负荷下,3 mol·L-1NH3+0.3 mol·L-1PZ溶液的总传质系数(KG)分别是3 mol·L-1NH3溶液在相应负荷下的3、3.2、3.2和2.9倍.改变反应温度、添加剂量、PZ浓度等条件对基于NH3/PZ混合吸收剂吸收CO2的反应过程进行实验,得到了其在不同条件下的KG,初步探讨CO2吸收的反应机制,并计算出准一级反应速率常数为42.7 m3·(mol·s)-1.     

Laboratory studies of some halogenated ethanes and ethers: Measurements of rates of reaction with OH and of infrared absorption cross-sections

We have measured, using a conventional discharge-flow resonance-fluorescence technique, the rates of reaction between the hydroxyl radical and a series of halogenated ethanes and ethers for the temperature range 230–423 K. Our measurements gave the following Arrhenius expressions (units are cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹): CF₂HCH₃ (HFC-152), 14.2 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(1050/T); CF₂ClCH₃ (HCFC-142b), 2.6 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(1230/T); CFCl₂CH₃ (HCFC-141b), 5.8 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(1100/T); CF₃CFH₂ (HFC-134a), 5.8 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(1350/T); CF₃CF₂H (HFC-125), 2.8 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(1350/T); CF₃CCl₂H (HCFC-123), 11.8 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(900/T); CF₂HOCF₂CFClH, (enflurane), 6.1 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(1080/T); CFH₂OCH(CF₃)₂, (sevoflurane), 15.3 × 10⁻¹³ exp-(900/T). In two cases, we measured rate constants only at room temperature: CF₃CClBrH (halothane), 6 × 10⁻¹⁴ and CF₂HOCClHCF₃ (isoflurane), 2.1 × 10⁻¹⁴.We also report the following values for the integrated absorption cross-sections of the compounds in the spectral region 800–1200 cm⁻¹ in units of cm⁻² atm⁻¹: CF₂HCH₃, 1155; CF₂ClCH₃, 1422; CFCl₂CH₃, 1995; CF₃CFH₂, 2686; CF₃CF₂H, 1970, CF₃CCl₂H, 1411; CF₃CClBrH, 1400; CF₂HOCF₂CFClH, 4800; CF₂HOCClHCF₃, 3900; CFH₂OCH(CF₃)₂, 2550. We use our measurements to calculate ozone depletion potentials and greenhouse warming potentials relative to CFCl₃ for each compound.     

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B bymicrowave-assisted hydrothermal synthesized N-doped titanate nanotubes

Microwave-induced nitrogen-doped titanate nanotubes（NTNTs） were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, Zeta potential analysis,specific surface area（SBET）, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. TEM results indicate that NTNTs retain a tubular structure with a crystalline multiwall and have a length of several hundred nanometers after nitrogen doping. XRD findings demonstrate that the crystalline structure of NTNTs was dominated by anatase, which is favored for photocatalytic application. The Ti-O-N linkage observed in the XPS N 1s spectrum is mainly responsible for narrowing the band gap and eventually enhancing the visible light photoactivity. FT-IR results demonstrated the existence of H3O＋, which could be excited by photo-generated holes to form hydroxyl radicals and degrade environmental pollutants. After sintering at 350°C, the UV-Vis absorbance edges of NTNTs significantly shift to the visible-light region, which indicates N atom doping into the nanotubes. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B（RhB） via NTNTs show good efficiency, with pseudo first-order kinetic model rate constants of 3.7 × 10-3, 2.4 × 10-3and 8.0 × 10-4sec-1at pH 3, 7, and 11, respectively.     

Interactions of aerosols (ammonium sulfate,ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride) and of gases (HCl,HNO3) with fogwater

The concentrations of aerosols (NH₄NO₃, (NH₄)₂SO₄ and NH₄Cl) and of gases (HCl_(g), HNO_3(g), NH_3(g) were determined by denuder methods under different conditions (in the absence of fog, before, during and after fog events). At this site situated in an urban region, high concentrations of the gaseous strong acids HCl_(g) and HNO_3(g) are observed. NH₄Cl and NH₄NO₃ aerosols represent a major fraction of the Cl⁻ and NO₃⁻ aerosols (<2.4 μm)collected by denuders. During a fog event, very high concentrations of SO₄²⁻ were found in small aerosols, which are attributed to the aqueous phase oxidation of SO₂ under the influence of high pH due to the presence of NH₃. Differences in SO₄²⁻ concentrations measured in aerosols (<2.4 μm) and in fog droplets were probably due to mass-transport limitations of the SO₂ oxidation. Ammonium sulfate aerosols represent in some cases a significant fraction of the total S present (SO_2(g) + SO₄²⁻. Soluble aerosols and gases contribute to the composition of fogwater and are released again after fog dissipation.     

基于Landsat8影像估算新安江水库光合有效辐射漫射衰减系数

光合有效辐射(photosynthetically active radiation,PAR)是指可以被植物利用并进行光合作用的那部分太阳辐射,其进入湖水后受光学组分(悬浮颗粒、有色可溶性有机物和浮游植物)的吸收和散射作用发生衰减,对湖泊生物的密度和分布具有重要影响.本研究构建了基于Landsat 8影像数据的较为清洁的新安江水库PAR漫衰减系数的遥感估算模型,进而分析其时空分布特征及主要影响因素.结果表明,利用Landsat 8的第二、三和第八波段构建的多元回归模型能够得到较为准确的估算结果,模型决定系数为0.87.利用独立样本对构建的模型验证,预测值和实测值相对误差绝对值均值为9.16%,均方根误差为0.06 m~(-1),由此可见利用Landsat 8数据的3个波段,采用多元回归模型能够较好地估算较清洁水体的PAR漫射衰减系数.基于14景Landsat 8影像发现,新安江水库PAR漫射衰减系数季节差异性明显,秋季(9~11月)和夏季(6~8月)PAR漫射衰减系数较高,分别为(0.82±0.60)m~(-1)和(0.77±0.41)m~(-1),而冬季(12~次年2月)和春季(3~5月)PAR漫射衰减系数相对较低,分别为(0.56±0.50)m~(-1)和(0.40±0.45)m~(-1).新安江水库PAR漫射衰减系数空间差异性显著,全湖PAR漫射衰减系数变化范围为(0.002~13.86)m~(-1),均值为(0.64±0.49)m~(-1).漫射衰减系数的季节变化主要是由季节性降雨和浮游植物季节性生长引起,空间差异性主要由外源河流输入和部分水域采砂过程导致悬浮物浓度变化引起.