离子色谱法同时测定南河底泥中的水溶性无机阴离子

一、前言底泥是水环境研究中的一个重要对象,其中的阴离子测定又是环境监测主要内容,它们在一定程度上反映了环境污染状况。目前,对常规阴离子F~-,Cl~-,NO_3,SO_4~2等的测定,化学方法很多,但比较费时、冗长,并且只限     

离子色谱法同时测定水中常见阴离子和草甘膦的方法研究

离子色谱法可以测量地表水、地下水和生活废水中多种阴离子以及草甘膦,具备灵敏性高、快捷方便等特点,而且能够开展多组分同时测定,分离度较高。通过AQUION型号的离子色谱应用,集合峰面积定量分析操作,构建水中的氟、氯、硝酸盐氮、硫酸盐和草甘膦同时测定方式。结果显示,5种离子线性特点明显,相关系数r高于0.999 5,与国家环境标准相符。     

特高含硫油气田水脱除硫化氢的研究

本文概述了硫化氢的物化特性及其处理工艺特性,针对油气田含硫废水处理的现场情况,提出了脱除特高含硫油气田水中硫化氢技术路线选择的基本原則,介绍了处理特高含硫油气田水中硫化氢回收硫资源的上艺过程,文章最后简介了特高含硫油气田水脱硫处理技术研究的最新进展情况。     

成都市郊区雾水中阴离子变化的研究

本文用冷凝法采集雾水样品,用离子色谱法测定雾水样品中阴离子(氟离子、氯离子、亚硝酸根离子、硝酸根离子、硫酸根离子)的浓度,研究表明雾水中阴离子浓度与雾的浓密有关,雾水中硫酸根离子含量最高;雾水中阴离子浓度随大雾的消失而降低;雾水中阴离子浓度大于雨水。所得结果对在大雾天气情况下保护人体健康有一定参考意义。     

离子色谱法检测无机阴离子用淋洗液改进

文章开展采用新型氢氧化钾淋洗液偏离HJ/T 84—2001《水质无机阴离子的测定离子色谱法》中规定的碳酸盐体系淋洗液的实验确认研究,对使用氢氧化钾淋洗液的离子色谱法测定阴离子的分离度、标准曲线、准确度、精密度和加标回收率进行一一评价,最终确认使用氢氧化钾淋洗液的离子色谱仪测定阴离子氟化物、氯化物、硫酸根、硝酸根能够满足实验要求,为使用此种淋洗液体系的离子色谱仪开展检测提供了质量保证依据。     

油气田废水中石油类物质测定问题的探讨

本文针对油气田废水复杂多样的特点，对石油类物质测定方法的选择；标准油品的选定以及难萃取样品的处理方法等监测技术问题进行了探讨，旨在提高监测数据的准确性及可靠性。     

离子色谱法测定钻井废水中的Cl-、Br-

利用离子色谱法测定钻井废水中的Cl~-、Br~-,实验结果表明,该方法能准确分析测定样品中的Cl~-和Br~-,相对标准偏差小于2%。同时该方法降低了干扰因素的影响,缩短了分析时间,提高了工作效率,能对钻井废水中的Cl~-和Br~-进行有效的分离,样品的加标回收率达到87%~109%,能准确测定Cl~-和Br~-。同时与硝酸银滴定法测定钻井废水中的Cl~-相比较,当样品中Br~-含量小于Cl~-和Br~-总含量的10%时,两种方法测定Cl~-含量的相对偏差小于5%。     

离子色谱法测定高含硫污水氯离子的方法研究

采用离子色谱法测定高含硫污水中氯离子(Cl-)含量,通过将样品稀释1 000倍后,对两种高含硫溶液进行测定,其色谱图显示的出峰时间分别在4.163min和4.167min,均比较符合Cl-标样4.10min的出峰时间,且峰形对称、分离清楚、结果可信。离子色谱法解决了其他分析方法无法解决的硫化物干扰Cl-测定的问题。     

离子色谱法应用于杭州地表水中有机酸及无机阴离子分布研究

建立了离子色谱-抑制电导法同时检测杭州市地表水中的有机酸及无机阴离子,并对地表水中有机酸及无机阴离子的含量进行探讨.该方法的重现性(RSD)为0.15％ ～4.92％,相关系数r2为0.9990 ～ 0.9999,加标回收率为84.36％～111.05％,最低检出限为0.003～0.028 mg/L.利用该建立的方法,...     

水体中阴离子表面活性剂（LAS）测定方法的改进

通过亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水体中阴离子表面活性剂所用三氯甲烷体积的选择以及萃取方法、萃取时间的比较,从标准曲线、线性相关系数计算以及方法所测样品的准确度、精密度等方面进行了分析,为建立简便、快捷的测定方法提供了依据。     

油气田环境监测数据库系统的开发及应用

“油气田环境监测数据库及应用系统”采用流行的结构化程序设计方法进行设计，利用ＦＯＸＢＡＳＥ＋２．１数据库语言、ＴｕｒｂｏＣ语言和汇编语言进行混合编程。系统已在全国２０个油气田和６个总公司直属企业的共７４个单位推广使用，提高了石油系统环境保护工作的现代化和信息化水平。总结了系统的设计开发、功能特点及推广应用情况。     

生物技术在油气田环境污染治理中的应用

介绍了生物技术及其在环境污染治理中的应用状况，根据我国油气田环境污染治理现状，提出了生物技术在我国油气田环境污染治理中重点研究的方向和步骤以及应用前景。     

油气田采油(气)废水处理设施运行情况调查与评价

通过对全国19个油气田191套采油（气）废水处理设施进行调查，针对其工艺流程、建设投资、处理能力、运行费用、运行状况和处理效果，分析了现有处理方法存在的问题，并提出了解决的办法。对今后处理设施的管理、改进和处理技术的研究有一定参考价值。     

百色油田含油污水混凝法除油试验

通过室内和现场试验表明，自然除油。混凝除油－压力过滤流程是适合百色油田含油污水处理的，通过投加混凝剂ＰＡＣ－４（加入量为３０～５０ｍｇ／Ｌ时），污水处理即可达到石油开发工业污水排放标准（ＣＯＤ除外），从而减轻和防止了对周围环境的污染，同时进一步处理后可作为油田回注地层水。     

油气田含盐水淡化和污水除盐现状及发展

依据资料调研和现场调查，从5个方面介绍了油气田含盐水的状况，包括油气田含盐水类型、特征、淡化及处理技术，国内外含盐水淡化技术研究现状及最新发展，我国油气田含盐水淡化研究的着眼点和宜采用的技术。强调在油气田范围内，开展含盐水淡化处理技术研究，从根本上解决水资源短缺和排水造成的损失已成为油气田开发建设中不可忽视的问题。     

离子色谱法测定钻井废水中的S~(2-)

川东气田生产过程中产生的废水含有硫化物,且色度深、浊度大。为测定废水中的Ｓ２－含量,实验探索了将Ｓ２－氧化成ＳＯ２－４后用离子色谱测定的方法。进行了Ｓ２－的转化率实验,结果表明：Ｓ２－含量在０～２．７ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内可以被完全氧化成ＳＯ２－４,转化率为９８．８％～１０８．０％。同时进行了该方法的精密度和准确度实验,并与碘量法进行了对比,对同一标样和实际样品的测定两种方法的结果吻合较好,该方法测定钻井废水中的Ｓ２－含量,可以避免色度、浊度的干扰,且简便、灵敏、准确     

An integrative framework for sustainable supply chain management practices in the oil and gas industry

This paper proposes a framework for understanding the contextual factors of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices in the O&G industry. It is based on a literature review of studies related to SSCM of O&G topics. The review reveals that there is a lack of SSCM research specific to the industry. Present studies focus on individual stages of its supply chain and do not consider all dimensions of sustainable development, namely economic, environmental and social factors. In addition, existing frameworks lack important contextual aspects of the industry's business and organizational environment. To address these gaps, our research develops an overarching framework operationalizing the internal and external contextual factors of the O&G industry environment that can influence the outcome of its SSCM practices. The proposed framework is useful as a tool in the formulation and implementation of SSCM strategy that enables alignment of a company's internal capabilities with its external environment.     

Decommissioning of offshore oil and gas facilities: a comparative assessment of different scenarios

A material and energy flow analysis, with corresponding financial flows, was carried out for different decommissioning scenarios for the different elements of an offshore oil and gas structure. A comparative assessment was made of the non-financial (especially environmental) outcomes of the different scenarios, with the reference scenario being to leave all structures in situ, while other scenarios envisaged leaving them on the seabed or removing them to shore for recycling and disposal. The costs of each scenario, when compared with the reference scenario, give an implicit valuation of the non-financial outcomes (e.g. environmental improvements), should that scenario be adopted by society. The paper concludes that it is not clear that the removal of the topsides and jackets of large steel structures to shore, as currently required by regulations, is environmentally justified; that concrete structures should certainly be left in place; and that leaving footings, cuttings and pipelines in place, with subsequent monitoring, would also be justified unless very large values were placed by society on a clear seabed and trawling access.     

Development of novel absorbents for CO2 capture from blast furnace gas

In order to establish energy-saving technology for CO₂ capture from blast furnace gas, novel absorbents were developed in the laboratory and evaluated at a 1 t_CO2/d test plant. At first, CO₂ absorption and desorption behaviors of single-component amine solvents for simulated blast furnace gas (CO₂/N₂ = 20%/80%) were investigated through a screening test using a small scrubbing bottle. These amine solvents were additionally analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR) spectroscopy and reaction calorimetry. The results of the laboratory experiments showed that there was a trade-off between absorption rate and enthalpy of absorption but some absorbents had unique features. For example, 2-isopropylaminoethanol (IPAE) had high absorption rate and small enthalpy of absorption. Then, new IPAE-based amine solvents (RITE solvents: RITE-A and RITE-B) were formulated and evaluated at the 1 t_CO2/d test plant. CO₂ regeneration energies of the RITE solvents were 3.3 and 3.1 GJ/t_CO2, respectively. With certain process conditions and plant specifications optimized, RITE-B was estimated to have the potential to achieve 2.5 GJ/t_CO2.     

Transparency,consultation and conflict: Assessing the micro‐level risks surrounding the drive to develop Peru's Amazonian oil and gas resources

Since the 1990s, successive Governments in Peru have sought to expand the exploration and production of the country's oil and gas resources. This economic agenda poses significant opportunities and risks which are usually considered at the macro‐level and framed by debates regarding the so‐called “natural resource curse”. While risks such as “Dutch disease” are important to consider, a worrying set of short‐term issues surrounds the impacts of rapid changes brought on by oil and gas industrial development at the micro‐level, namely, those that affect local communities and the environment. In the case of Peru, this is especially relevant to the vast areas of ecologically sensitive and previously under‐developed Amazonia that are now under concession to oil and gas companies. Low levels of industry transparency combined with a lack of uniform free, prior and informed consent are exacerbating community‐level grievances, and the conflicts to which they can lead. As the oil and gas industry expands in the Peruvian Amazon, the risk of conflict is likely to prove far harder to minimize or ameliorate than are the challenges of managing industry revenues and the risk of currency appreciation most often associated with the natural resource curse.