燃煤电站湿法脱硫取消旁路烟道及应对措施

从工艺设计、设备配置、运行管理等方面分析了燃煤电站湿法脱硫取消旁路的可行性,提出了取消旁路的实施方案,探讨了湿法脱硫无旁路运行的应对措施.     

石灰石/石膏湿法脱硫系统单耗分析及节能方向

建立了石灰石/石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统单耗分析模型,以三河电厂350MW机组为例,分析了脱硫系统单耗在各设备及系统的分布情况,探讨湿法烟气脱硫系统的节能方向。     

石灰石—石膏湿法烟气脱硫优化研究与实践

在简要分析石灰石湿法烟气脱硫原理和工艺的基础上,探讨胜利发电厂石灰石—石膏湿法脱硫优化方案,结合电厂脱硫系统实际运行工况,从脱硫设备和运行调整两个方面对系统进行优化改进,简化湿法脱硫系统,提高了机组和湿法脱硫系统的安全可靠性及经济运行水平,确保SO2排放满足环保要求.     

湿法烟气脱硫系统优化控制的仿真研究

通过对湿法烟气脱硫系统中的各种运行控制参数进行综合优化,开发了湿法烟气脱硫系统优化控制的仿真软件.该仿真软件对提高湿法烟气脱硫效率和降低运行费用具有一定的指导作用.     

石灰石—石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统中NO_x浓度变化探讨

介绍了装有石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统且配置低NOx燃烧器锅炉的NOx排放状况,探讨烟气中NOx浓度的变化规律和NOx脱除率范围,并比较了原烟气和净烟气中NOx/NO的换算系数,为CEMS监测中的数据换算提供参考.     

湿法烟气脱硫系统GGH腐蚀和结垢对策研究

湿法烟气脱硫系统GGH的运行存在着腐蚀和结垢、堵塞的现象.分析了湿法脱硫系统GGH在运行过程中腐蚀、结垢的原因,从运行、维护等方面提出来减轻GGH腐蚀、结垢的策略.     

关于恒益电厂600MW机组湿法FGD是否设置GGH的探讨

湿法烟气脱硫系统是否设置GGH,是目前国内争议较大的问题,其对脱硫系统的投资和经济运行有重大影响.针对三水恒益电厂600MW机组安装脱硝系统(SCR)之后,石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统是否安装GGH进行了探讨,为工程初步技术设计提供参考.     

浅析石灰石浆液品质调节方法与制浆系统节能

燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术以石灰石/石膏法为主,制浆系统是其重要组成之一。以金湾电厂2×600MW机组石灰石/石膏湿法脱硫制浆系统为例,介绍了石灰石浆液品质调节方法及制浆系统节能措施。     

湿法烟气脱硫废水系统设计优化

湿法脱硫废水处理系统由于设计不合理、设备故障率高等原因,导致湿法脱硫废水处理系统无法正常运行,甚至停运状态。通过优化脱硫废水系统设计,降低废水水源含固量和污泥循环回收等方式,提高系统灵活性、可靠性的同时,大幅降低了系统运行维护成本。     

宁海电厂脱硫废水处理探讨

针对国华宁海发电厂二期2×1 000MW湿法烟气脱硫废水处理系统工程的调试及运行实践,分析了石灰石—石膏湿法烟气脱硫废水特点、处理工艺流程及调试运行参数,探讨了废水处理系统合理化运行规律,为火电厂脱硫废水处理系统运行优化提供参考。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyols and Polyurethane Foams from PET Waste and Crude Glycerol

In this study, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste from post-consumer soft-drink bottles and crude glycerol from the biodiesel industry were used for the preparation of polyols and polyurethane foams. PET waste was firstly depolymerized by the glycolysis of diethylene glycol. The glycolyzed PET oligomers were then reacted with crude glycerol at different weight ratios to produce polyols via a series of reactions, such as esterification, transesterification, condensation, and polycondensation. The polyols were characterized by titration, viscometry, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry. Subsequently, polyurethane (PU) foams were made via the reaction between the produced polyols and polymeric methylene-4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate and were characterized by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Polyols from crude glycerol and their PU foams were also prepared to compare properties with those of polyols and PU foams from PET and crude glycerol. The influence of aromatic segments existing in glycolyzed PET and glycerol content on the properties of the polyols and PU foams was investigated. It was found that aromatic segments of polyols from glycolyzed PET helped increase their molecular weights and improve thermal stability of PU foams, while high glycerol content in polyols increased the hydroxyl number of polyols and the density and compressive strength of PU foams.     

电厂建设运行中的水土流失预测与水土保持设计

在燃煤电厂建设运行的同时,将引起一系列的水土流失问题.以四川国电金堂电厂二期扩建工程为例,简要说明项目区水土流失预测的内容和方法,并在其基础上对可能产生的水土流失和危害进行了分析,同时介绍了建设期和运行期采取的综合防治措施,为类似工程的水土保持提供借鉴.     

磷对环境的污染及防治对策

我国水体富营养化严重，其主要控制因子是磷。在分析磷污染的污染状况，污染源的基础上，介绍了防治对策，采用低磷循环冷却水处理剂，减少磷排放，是防止工业磷污染的有效方法。     

Pyrolysis of virgin and waste polypropylene and its mixtures with waste polyethylene and polystyrene

A comparison of waste and virgin polypropylene (PP) plastics under slow pyrolysis conditions is presented. Moreover, mixtures of waste PP with wastes of polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) were pyrolyzed under the same operating conditions. Not only the impact of waste on degradation products but also impacts of the variations in the mixing ratio were investigated. The thermogravimetric weight loss curves and their derivatives of virgin and waste PP showed differences due to the impurities which are dirt and food residues. The liquid yield distribution concerning the aliphatic, mono-aromatic and poly-aromatic compounds varies as the ratio of PP waste increases in the waste plastic mixtures. In addition to this, the alkene/alkane ratio of gas products shows variations depending on the mixing ratio of wastes.     

北京市居民衣服消费处置及对其回收利用认识调查与分析

首先对北京市居民每年购买新衣服的数量、支出、穿着时间、淘汰原因,以及闲置衣服的处理方式、数量等进行了调查与分析,然后对北京市居民对旧衣物回收利用的认识、回收形式及其处理方式,对旧衣物如何处理回收、再利用的担忧,对希望旧衣物回收箱摆放的场所等进行了调查与分析。其研究结果对废旧纺织品回收体系建设、制度及政策制定具有一定的参考价值。     

Photo-oxidation and Photo-toxicity of Crude and Refined Oils

The fate and effects of an oil spill are effected by solar radiation through the action of photo-oxidation and photo-toxicity. Photo-oxidation, an important process in the weathering of oil, produces a variety of oxidized compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, esters, epoxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, phenols, anhydrides, quinones and aliphatic and aromatic alcohols. Some of these compounds contribute to the marine biota toxicity observed after an oil spill. Photo-toxicity occurs when uptake of certain petroleum compounds, e.g. certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzothiophenes, is followed by solar exposure which results in much greater toxicity than after dark uptake. The mechanism of PAH photo-toxicity includes absorbance of solar radiation by the PAH which produces a free radical and this free radical in turn reacts with oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA and other cellular macromolecules. While most studies on photo-toxicity have been carried out in the laboratory, there are studies showing that water from an oil spill is photo-toxic to bivalve embryos for at least a few days after the spill. Other studies have found that oil contaminated sediments are photo-toxic to several marine invertebrates. More studies are required to determine if marine fauna at an oil spill site are effected by the action of photo-toxicity and photo-oxidation.     

Novel and innovative pyrolysis and gasification technologies for energy efficient and environmentally sound MSW disposal

Within the context of European Union (EU) energy policy and sustainibility in waste management, recent EU regulations demand energy efficient and environmentally sound disposal methods of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Currently, landfill with its many drawbacks is the preferred option in the EU and many other industrialised countries. Within the waste management hierarchy thermal disposal especially incineration is a viable and proven alternative. But, the dominating method, mass-burn grate incineration has drawbacks as well particularly hazardous emissions and harmful process residues. In recent years, pyrolysis and gasification technologies have emerged to address these issues and improve the energy output. To keep the many players in the field comprehensively informed and up-to-date, novel and innovative technology approaches emphasising European developments are reviewed.     

微生物絮凝剂及其在水处理中的应用

近年来对微生物絮凝剂的研究不断深入，新的高效菌种不断被发现。简要介绍了微生物絮凝剂的絮凝机理、分关、絮凝效果及影响因素，重点介绍了新型微生物絮凝剂在水处理中的应用。     

Laboratory Experiments and Estimation of Cumulative Infiltration and Sorptivity

Soil water cumulative infiltration affects the environment by controlling the irrigation rate and consequently the water and pollutants movement through the ground. In order to study the cumulative infiltration in a sandy soil sample, experiments were performed in the laboratory. The sample was placed uniformly in a transparent column with an inner diameter of 6 cm. A constant head boundary condition of a 2 mm height was applied on the surface of the sample and the cumulative volume of the incoming water was measured. Soil moisture at four locations of the column was measured, by using the TDR method in order to obtain the moisture profiles. By comparing the values of the infiltrated water volumes with those calculated by the integration of the moisture profiles, a good agreement was found out. Also the Parlange theoretical model fitted very well with the infiltration experimental points.     

硫磺回收装置扩能改造及效果分析

介绍了回收酸性气体生产硫磺的工艺原理与工艺流程,论述了影响硫磺回收装置生产能力的诸多因素与扩能改造的情况。扩能改造后,该装置的酸性气体处理量平均为976m^3／h,瞬时处理量可达1200m^3／h,硫磺的生产能力从4450t／a提高到7500t／a,生产能力提高了68．5％,装置总硫回收率达到93．5％。