Book Reviews

Book revieved in this article:
Institutional Arrangements for Water Management: Canadian Experiences, Bruce Mitchell, Editor.
Polluted Groundwater, A Review of the Significant Literature, by David Keith Todd and Daniel E. Orren McNulty
A System Approach to Water Distribution Modeling and Control, by Robert De Moyer, Jr. and Lawrence B. Horwitz.
Sensitive Chaos: The Creation of Flowing Forms in Water and Air, by Theodor Schwenk. Preface by Commandant Jacques Y. Cousteau.
Industrial Wastewater Management Handbook, edited by Hardam S. Azad.
Isotope Techniques in Groundwater Hydrology, Proceedings of a Symposium
Village Water Supply: Economics and Poky in the Developing World, by Robert J. Saunders and Jeremy J. Warford.
Sources of Information in Water Resources, an annotated guide to printed materials by Gerald J . Giefer.     

Capabilities and management utility of recreation impact monitoring programs

A recreation impact monitoring system was developed and applied in 1984–1986 and in 1991 to all backcountry river-accessed campsites within Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Results suggest that actions implemented by park managers in response to problems identified by the initial survey were highly effective in reducing resource degradation caused by camping. In particular, the elimination of some designated campsites and installation of anchored firegrates reduced the total area of disturbance by 50%. Firegrate installation provided a focal point that increased the concentration of camping activities, allowing peripheral areas to recover. As suggested by predictive models, additional resource degradation caused by increased camping intensities is more than offset by improvements in the condition of areas where use is eliminated. The capabilities and management utility of recreation impact monitoring programs, illustrated by the Delaware Water Gap monitoring program, are also presented and discussed.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
Air Pollution, Vol. 2, edited by A. C. Stern.
DesaZinution—Water for the Word's neture, by Roy Popkin
Municipal Sewage Effluent for Irrigation, edited by C. W. Wilson and F. E. Beckett
Oceanogmphy, edited by Mary Sears
Oceanography 2966—Achievements and Opportunities, Committee on Oceanography, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council
Techniques o f System Engineering, by Stanley M. Sinners     

A comparison of two models for dealing with urban solid waste: Management by contract and management by public–private partnership

In work, we compared two models for dealing with urban solid waste in Brazil, namely, management by contract and management by public–private partnership. Management by contract, which is widely used by the public sector (municipalities) for urban solid waste collection and disposal and for acquiring goods and services for periods not greater than 60 months, is governed by Federal Law 8.666/93. Management by public–private partnership is governed by Federal Law 11.079/04 for contracts worth more than US$11,000,000 and involves costs for the private partner and public partner. The financial return for the private partner must be clearly delineated and the contract should last from 5 to 35 years. Management by public–private partnership that involves the management of municipal solid waste is very recent in Brazil. For this reason, the comparison between the two forms of management of municipal solid waste (management by contract and management by public–private partnership) described in this work is unprecedented in this country. Both of these models are used in the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. For this study, information was gathered through semi-structured interviews with public works managers in São Bernardo do Campo, with members of an Association of Recyclable Material Collectors and with managers of a company contracted by the São Bernardo do Campo city hall, and also by researching public documents provided by the city hall. The interviews with the managers of the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo, the Association and the company were held in the headquarters of each institution. The documents analyzed, such as the plan for dealing with municipal solid waste, contracts and bids were made available electronically. Analysis of the results indicated that management by a public–private partnership was more advantageous for dealing with urban solid waste than management by contract since the former provided a strong selective collection program, reduced the amount of solid waste sent to sanitary embankments, led to the recovery an area of land previously degraded by the incorrect disposal of urban solid waste and stimulated the installation of an energy recovery unit.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Oceanography Information Sources/1970, Richard C. Vetter (compiler).
Population, Resources, Environment: Issues in Human Ecology, by Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich.
Computers for Engineers, by Bartow Hodge.
Dictionary on Water and Sewage Engineering (German, English, French, and Italian), by Fritz Meinck and Helmut Mohle. R. Oldenbourg Vellag, Munich, W. Germany.
Drifting, by Stephen Jones. The MacMillan Company, New York, N.Y.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Hydrogeology, by Hans-Olaf Pfannkuch.
Environmental Design, by Richard P. Dober. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, N.Y.     

BOOK REVIEW

Book reviewed in this article:
Municipal Watershed Management, Symposium Proceedings compiled by William E. Sopper and Edward S. Corbett.
Environmental Education: A Guide to Information Sources by William B. Stapp and Mary Dawn Liston.
Systems Approach to Water Management, edited by Asit K. Biswas;
Environmental Impact Assessment, edited by Patrick H. Heffernan and Ruthann Corwin;
Handbook of Hydraulics by E. F. Brater and H. W. King, Sixth Edition.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviews in this Articles:
Bioassay Techniques and Environmental Chemistry, by Gary E. Glass, editor.
Field Soil Water Regime, by R. R. Bruce, editor.
Underground Waste Management and Environmental Implications, by T. D. Cook, editor.
Water Rights Laws in the Nineteen Western States, Volume 1, by W. A. Hutchins (completed by Harold H. Ellis and J. Peter DeBraal).     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviews in this Article
Chemical Mutagens, Principles and Methods for Their Detection, Volume 3, edited by A. Hollaender.
Systems Analysis and Water Quality Management, by Robert V. Thomann.
Scientific Allocation of Water Resources, by Nathan Buras.
Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, by Walter J. Weber, Jr.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
MANAGING THE WATER ENVIRONMENT, Edited by Neil A. Swainson.
Carbonate Chemistry of Aquatic Systems, Theory and Applications, by R. E. Loewenthal and G. v. R. Marais.
An Introduction to Hydrodynamics and Water Waves, by Bernard LeMehaute.
Systematic Hydrology, by J. C. Rodda, R. A. Downing, and Frank M. Law.
Cost Benefit Analysis and Water Pollution Policy, by Henry M. Peskin and Eugene P. Seskin.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Environmental management : SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: Principles and Practice edited by R. Kerry Turner
Development projects and the environment : ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS by John A. Dixon, Richard A. Carpenter, Louise A. Fallon, Paul B. Sherman and Supachit Manipomoke
Collecting the rent : PETROLEUM RENT COLLECTION AROUND THE WORLD by Alexander Kemp
Land-use planning : MINERAL RESOURCES EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND LAND-USE PLANNING IN THE INDUSTRIAL AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES edited by Peter Arndt and Gerd W. Lüttig
Energy policy in Mexico : ENERGY POLICY IN MEXICO: Problems and Prospects for the Future edited by Miguel S. Wionczek, Oscar M. Guzman and Roberto Gutierrez
Mineral resource economics and theory : MINERAL RESOURCES: A System Analytical and Functional Approach by Laszlo Kapolyi
Natural resource problems NATURAL RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ANALYSIS: Cases in Applied Economics edited by George. M. Johnston, David Freshwater and Philip Favero     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Policy-making in Africa AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS: A policy modeling approach edited by Dominick Salvatore
Solar heat technologies SOLAR RESOURCES, edited by Roland L. Hulstrom, PASSIVE COOLING, edited by Jeffrey Cook
Energy technology and developing countries ENERGY ISSUES AND OPTIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Primary commodities A GUIDE TO PRIMARY COMMODITIES IN THE WORLD ECONOMY, by Marian Radetzki
Economics and the environment ECONOMICS, NATURAL RESOURCE SCARCITY AND DEVELOPMENT, edited by Edward Barbier     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Waste Management, Control, Recovery and Reuse. Proceedings of 1974 Australian Waste Conference. Edited by N. Y. Kirov.
Water Management and Agricultural Development: A Case Study of the Cuyo Region of Argentina, by Kenneth D. Frederick.
Wastewater Systems Engineering, by Homer W. Parker.
Discharge Measurement Structures, Edited by M. C. Bos.
Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem, by Gene E. Likens, F. Herbert Bormann, Robert S. Pierce, John S. Eaton, and Noye M. Johnson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviews in this article:
Dams and Other Disasters, by Arthur E. Morgan.
Environmental Geology: Conservation Land Use Planning and Resource Management, by Peter T. Flawn.
The Arid Zones, by Kenneth Walton.
The Great Ocean Business, by Brenda Horsfield and Peter B. Stone.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
Combinatorial Methods in the Theory of Stochastic Processes, by Lajos Takács.
Ground Level Climatology, edited by Robert H. Shaw
Handbook of Applied Hydrology, by Calvin Davis and Kenneth Sorensen
Radioactive Dating and Methods of Low-Level Counting
Principles of Geomorphology, by William D. Thornbury     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article: PV products for the 21st century : SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS: A Guide for Development Workers by Anthony Derrick, Catherine Francis and Varis Bokalders Biomass resources : BIOMASS ASSESSMENT: Woody Biomass in the SADCC Region by A. Millington and J. Townshend Earthscan Publications, London, 270 PP The fuelwood crisis : BEYOND THE WOODFUEL CRISIS by Gerald Leach and Robin Mearns Earthscan Publications, London, 1988, 309 pp Oil and government policies : COMMON CARRIER OF COMMON SENSE by Paul Frankel Enjoying the windfall : OIL WINDFALLS: Blessing or Curse? by Alan Gelb and Associates Looking to the future : RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR THE 21st CENTURY edited by R. Hill, P. O'Keefe and N. M. Pearsall Petroleum investment in developing countries : PETROLEUM INVESTMENT POLICIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES edited by Nicky Beredjick and Thomas Walde     

风险投资:一种发现企业价值型的投资

风险投资已经被各国公认为中小企业尤其是高科技企业成长的"推进器"。为了深入理解风险投资的本质,从风险投资的行为和基本特征入手,通过对价值理论的回顾和企业价值表述方式的描述,揭示了风险投资作为发现价值型投资的本质,即通过发现投资对象的潜在价值并通过不断的增值服务使潜在的价值逐步显化,从而得到大多数投资者认可后实施股权转让获得丰厚回报的投资本质。     

中药川附子非金属元素分析

本文论述了川附子非金属元素的分析：用ICP—AES法测定S、P和Si；离子色谱法测定Cl、S、P；极谱法和HG—AFS法测定痕量砷；ICP—AES和荧光法测定硒；GB法测定氯、氟和碘。应用提出的方法弄清了川附子用传统工艺食盐-胆巴混合溶液炮制前后非金属元素的含量与浓度变化，从而为中药化学成分进一步研究增添新内容一非金属元素及检测方法。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this articles:
Environmental Quality and Water Development , edited by Charles R. Goldman, James McEvoy, Ill, and Peter J. Rickerson.
Nutrients in Natural Waters , edited by Herbert E. Allen and James R. Kranier.
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 4 , edited by Richard F. Johnson, et al.
Water Quality: Management and Pollution Control Problems, Progress in Water Technology , Vol. 3, edited by S. H. Jenkins.
Sedimentary Structures of Ephemeral Streams , by M. Dane Picard and Lee R. High, Jr.     

Sorption of trace metals by standard and micro suction cups in the absence and presence of dissolved organic carbon

Both the bioavailability of a trace metal (TM) in a soil and the risk of leaching to the ground water are linked to the metals concentration in the soil solution. Sampling soil solution by tension lysimetry with suction cups is a simple and established technique that is increasingly used for monitoring dissolved TM in soils. Of major concern, however, is the sorption of TM by the walls of the samplers. Metal sorption by different materials used in suction cups can vary widely, depending also on the chemistry of the soil solution. We compared the sorption of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb by different standard-size and micro suction cups in the laboratory at two pH values (4.5 and 7.5 or 8.0) in absence and presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In addition, we investigated the sorption of DOC from different origins by the cup materials. At both pH values, the weakest sorption of all four TMs was exhibited by standard-size suction cups based on nylon membranes and by hollow fibers made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). At alkaline pH, borosilicate glass, ceramic materials, and polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) mixed with silicate were characterized by generally strong sorption of all investigated TMs. In addition, Cu and Pb were strongly sorbed at low pH by PTFE-silicate and a ceramic material used for the construction of standard-size suction cups. On the other hand, sorption of Cu, Zn, and Cd by ceramic capillaries produced from pure aluminum oxide was negligible at low pH. Micro suction cups made of an unknown polymerous tube sorbed Cu strongly, but were well suited to monitor Zn, Cd, and Pb at low pH, and, in the presence of DOC, also at high pH. Major cations (Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+) and anions (Cl-, NO3-, SO4(2-)) were not or very weakly sorbed by all cup materials, except for Mg2+, K+, and Ca2+ by borosilicate glass at pH 7.5. Trace metal sorption by suction cups was generally greatly reduced in the presence of DOC, especially at alkaline pH. The sorption of DOC itself depended on its source. Dissolved organic carbon from leaf litter extracts with a probably large hydrophobic fraction was sorbed more strongly than mainly hydrophilic DOC from a mineral soil solution.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books review in this article:
The Progress of Hydrology , Proceedings of the First International Seminar for Hydrology Professors.
Industrial Demand for Water: A Study of Southeast England , by Judith A. Rees
Mobile Bed Fluviology by Tom blench.
Telliamed , by Benoit de Maillet, translated and edited by Albert V. Carozzi.
Fluctuations of Glaciers 1959–1965 , by Peter Kasser.