山东省生物质CDM项目现状分析

本文对山东省内生物质利用CDM项目进行了讨论。生物质的利用是解决农村秸秆处理问题的有效途径,同时也减少了秸秆腐烂过程中的温室气体排放。尽管山东省生物质CDM项目进展顺利,但开发过程中仍存在一定的问题。本文在对山东生物质CDM项目分析的基础上,提出了发展生物质CDM项目和减少温室气体排放的建议。     

新型生物质粉体燃料破碎系统

生物质的破碎是生物质能源利用转化的前提条件。本文介绍了一种用于生物质精细破碎的成套系统，简述了其中粗破碎机、精破碎机的结构特点和工作原理，并对生物质破碎的原料和破碎产物以及系统的生产效率和生产成本进行了分析。     

生物质固体能源产业政策发展分析

生物质固体能源作为一种可再生能源,具有合理利用农林废弃物、保障国家能源安全、减少温室气体排放等优点。产业政策在产业发展中发挥着引导和调控作用,通过政策要素的扶植,能克服单纯依靠市场所产生的困境,调动投资者和生产者的积极性。通过列举比较国内外生物质固体能源产业发展的政策规划,对生物质固体能源产业发展战略的方向定位进行了分析,从企业规模、市场刚需、原料供应等方面确定产业发展中的障碍,给出了政策建议,以期为我国生物质固体能源产业政策的制定提供决策参考。     

金属盐催化生物质热解动力学特性研究

在论述国内外生物质热解技术研究进展的基础上,就金属盐对生物质的催化热解展开动力学研究。以秸秆、稻壳和稻草为原料,利用热重分析仪等实验设备进行热解实验,即在对典型的生物质及生物质和金属盐的混合物进行热解特性实验研究的基础上,分析反应速率与各项物理因素（如金属盐种类、浓度、升温速率等）之间的关系。实验结果表明,金属盐对生物...     

生物质秸秆成型燃料的制备、应用与市场

介绍了国内外生物质能源技术的应用及生物质燃料的研发制备情况,分析了目前生物质燃料制备技术、资源化利用的现状以及存在的问题,针对符合中国国情的生物质(秸秆)成型燃料生产技术及市场需求进行了分析探讨。     

临沂市生物质能源资源潜力与开发战略研究

生物质能源是未来人类社会最重要的能源之一.利用已有统计资料和数据,定量估算了临沂市生物质能源资源潜力.研究表明,临沂市每年可利用生物质能源资源总量折合标准煤263.1万t,其中秸秆约占2/3,临沂市生物质能源密度比周边地区低.在摸清资源家底的基础上,探讨了临沂市生物质能源开发战略,即临沂市应大力发展小型、分布式生物质能源项目,谨慎发展大型生物质能源项目,不宜进行车用生物液体燃料开发,生物质能源的开发应同环境保护与社会主义新农村建设紧密结合.     

生物质气化装置

正由大连鑫宝生物质能有限公司开发的生物质气化装置,适用于小城镇生物质气化站。主要技术内容一、基本原理利用农作物废弃物和城市有机垃圾作原料在气体发生器中进行缺氧燃烧,产生可燃气体,经净化和压缩后通过管道供给用户     

我国生物质能源立法的可行性分析

生物质能源作为可再生能源的一种,具有许多优点。我国对于生物质能源的研究,也只有20多年的时间,而且我国的学者和科学家大多集中在对生物质能源利用技术的研究,对于生物质能源立法方面的研究则屈指可数。本文在前人研究成果的基础上,对我国生物质能源立法的可行性进行探讨,提出自己的一些浅薄见解,以填补我国学术界在这方面的空缺。     

生物质能发展现状及前景分析

生物质能源作为惟一可再生、可替代化石能源转化成气态、液态和固态燃料以及其它化工原料或者产品的碳资源,随着化石能源的枯竭和人类对全球性环境问题的关注,其替代化石能源利用的研究和开发,已成为科学研究和社会关注的热点。本文对生物质能的资源分类和利用方式进行了分析和研究,提出了生物质能在中国的发展现状、存在的瓶颈以及前景和方向。     

生物质热解影响因素研究

阐述了生物质的特点及其热解的定义和热解机理,综述了生物质热解过程中,温度、升温速率、物料特性（如种类、分子结构、粒径和颗粒形状等）、滞留时间、压力等操作条件对生物质热解及其产物分布组成和特性的影响,指出了生物质热解的技术关键。     

Utilization Characteristics and Importance of Woody Biomass Resources on the Rural-Urban Fringe in Botswana

This article examines the utilization characteristics and importance of woody biomass resources in the rural-urban fringe zones of Botswana. In the literature for Africa, attention has been given to the availability and utilization of biomass in either urban or rural environments, but the rural-urban fringe has been neglected. Within southern Africa, this neglect is not justified; the rural-urban fringe, not getting the full benefits available in urban environments in Botswana, has developed problems in woody biomass availability and utilization that require close attention. In this article, socioeconomic data on the importance of woody biomass in the Batlokwa Tribal Territory, on the rural-urban fringe of Gaborone, Botswana, were collected together with ecologic data that reveal the utilization characteristics and potential for regrowth of woody biomass. The analysis of these results show that local woody biomass is very important in the daily lives of communities in the rural-urban fringe zones and that there is a high level of harvesting. However, there is no effort in planning land use in the tribal territory to either conserve this resource or provide alternatives to its utilization. The future of woody biomass resources in Botswana’s rural-urban fringe is uncertain. The investigators recommend that a comprehensive policy for the development of the rural-urban fringe consider the importance of this resource. The neglect of this resource will have far-reaching implications on the livelihoods of residents as well as the environment in this zone.     

Biomass as the Renewable Energy Sources in Malaysia: An Overview

Past and current economic growths of Malaysia have been primarily energized by fossil fuels. Malaysia has very substantial potential for biomass energy utilization given its equatorial climate that is ideal for dense tropical forest growth and agricultural vegetation. There are five major sectors contributing wastes to biomass energy in Malaysia: forestry (wood products), rubber cultivation, cocoa cultivation, sugar cane cultivation and oil palm cultivation. Biomass in Malaysia contributes about 14% of the approximately 340 million barrel of oil equivalent (boe) of energy used every year. This paper provides an overview on the types of biomass being used, the research works on biomass conversion into energy and the present biomass energy projects in Malaysia.     

Hybrid input-output analysis to evaluate economic impacts of biomass energy

ABSTRACT

The introduction of the new biomass industry exerts influences that change the interactions among economic sectors by drawing the resources for generating electricity, pricing alterations from the existing market and competitively selling electricity to the power grid. These influences should be described and identified to ensure the benefits to the local economy. In this article, we deem to test the potential of hybrid I-O analysis to analyze the economic impacts and address the change in characteristics of the economic impacts of the biomass power plant. The resource utilization data from the existing biomass power plant located in Kochi Prefecture (Japan) is collected and then analyzed by a hybrid input-output (I-O) analysis. We found that (1) the use of cutoff function could determine the new economy’s structure included the biomass power plant where the allocation of resource in the economy is changed according to the consumption and production of the biomass power plant, (2) The power plant increases the total production of Kochi prefecture’s economy, and this benefit overthrows the negative effect of the loss of resource demand of the existing economic sectors. The use of the hybrid I-O to forecast the economic impacts on the local economy could enhance the decision made by the policymaker.     

Energy Supply Potentials and Needs, and the Environmental Impact of their Use in Sudan

Sudan is an agricultural country with fertile land, plenty of water resources, livestock, forestry resources, and agricultural residues. An overview of the energy situation in Sudan is introduced with reference to the end uses and regional distribution. Energy sources are divided into two main types; conventional energy (biomass, petroleum products, and electricity); and non-conventional energy (solar, wind, hydro-electricity, etc.). Sudan possesses a relatively high abundance of solar radiation, and moderate wind speeds, hydro, and biomass energy resources. The application of the new and renewable sources of energy available in Sudan is now a major issue in future energy strategic planning and for an alternative to fossil conventional energy. Sudan is an important case study in the context of renewable energy. It has a long history of meeting its energy needs through renewables. Sudan's renewables' portfolio is broad and diverse, due in part to the country's wide range of climates and landscapes. Like many of the African leaders in renewable energy utilization, Sudan has a well-defined commitment to continue research, development, and implementation of new technologies. Sustainable low-carbon energy scenarios for the new century emphasize the untapped potential of renewable resources. Rural areas of Sudan can benefit from this transition. The increased availability of reliable and efficient energy services stimulates new development alternatives. It is concluded that renewable, environmentally friendly, energy must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated by full-scale plants, especially for use in the remote rural areas of Sudan.     

我国能源开发面临的问题与对策

分析了我国能源开发的现状,指出现行能源结构给能源开发和消费带来的三个主要问题:能源开发利用程度低、环境污染严重、现行能源战略不能满足社会可持续发展的需要.在此基础上,提出了调整现行能源结构、发展洁净煤技术、加大我国西部天然气开发的投入、发展核能和加大可再生能源的开发利用等发展战略.     

可持续发展理念下的能源产业战略

介绍了可持续发展理念的形成过程,分析了目前国内外能源产业状况及存在的问题。结合中国发展的实际情况,提出了中国能源产业在可持续理念下的六大战略,即:(1)在发展模式上,要实现从计划经济向市场经济、从粗放型向集约型发展模式的两个根本性转变,实施科技战略;(2)在能源消费上,要立足中国实际,在能源结构调整的同时,实施煤、油、气等多能源并举的多样化战略;(3)在能源供给上,考虑到世界经济全球化的大背景,应当加大实施"走出去"的战略;(4)在能源生产上,要积极开发各种能源,尤其是对新能源的开发和利用,实施新能源战略;(5)在能源产业上,要做到开发与节约并举,积极开展节能活动,实施节能优先战略;(6)在全局发展上,结合中国经济发展的实J际情况,要实施能源安全战略。