TiO_2/beads as a photocatalyst for the degradation of X_(3B) azo dye

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎｅｘｐｅｒｔｓｉｎｍａｎｙｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｐａｙｈｉｇｈａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅｄｉｓｐｏｓａｌｏｆｔｈｅｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｗｉｔｈｄｙｅｏｒｗｉｔｈｄｅｅｐｃｈｒｏｍａ.Ｔｈｏｕｇｈａｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｂｉｏｄｅｇｒａｄａｔｉｏｎｉｓｕｓｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｄｉｓｐｏｓａｌｏｆｔｈｅｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒ,ｔｈｅｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｈｒｏｍａｉｎｔｈｅｄｉｓｐｏｓｅｄｗａｔｅｒａｒｅｓｔｉｌｌｖｅｒｙｈｉｇｈａｎｄ…     

空心玻璃微球附载TiO2清除水面漂浮的油层

以空心玻璃微球为载体，采用浸涂法制备出ＴｉＯ２／ｂｅａｄｓ光催化剂．研究了利用ＴｉＯ２／ｂｅａｄｓ光催化剂降解水面漂浮的正十二烷及甲苯的可行性．结果表明，３７５Ｗ中压汞灯照射１２０ｍｉｎ，正十二烷的光催化去除率达９３．５％，光照８０ｍｉｎ时甲苯被完全光催化去除；通入空气有利于正二十烷及甲苯的光催化去除，外加微量的Ｈ２Ｏ２（５．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可大大提高光催化去除率，向反应液中加入少量Ｎａ＋对正十二烷及甲苯的光催化去除率无明显的影响．     

TiO2/膨润土纳米复合光催化剂降解偶氮染料的研究

采用酸性溶胶法合成TiO2 膨润土纳米复合光催化剂 ,并研究其光催化降解阳离子偶氮染料 .X射线衍射 (XRD)分析表明 ,TiO2 膨润土纳米复合物的d0 0 1衍射角为 9 0 6° .该复合催化剂具有较高的光催化降解有机污染物的活性 ,随着光照时间的延长 ,阳离子红GTL的特征峰 490 5nm强度逐渐减弱 ,最后它的特征峰可彻底消失 ,GTL的偶氮键是最活跃的化学键 ,它易于被氧化断键 .该复合催化剂的催化活性受溶液的pH影响较大 ,在中性和碱性条件下其光催化活性更强 .适量的过氧化氢可以加速光催化氧化反应 ,但过量的H2 O2 却抑制了羟基自由基的生成 ,从而使H2 O2 的利用效率下降 ,在本实验条件下其最佳用量是 6mmol L .     

负载型纳米TiO2/AC对偶氮染料的光催化降解研究

以钛酸四丁酯和粒状活性炭(AC)为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备出负载型纳米TiO2/AC催化剂.在流化床反应器中分别对2种典型的偶氮类染料橙黄G、活性艳红X-3B模拟废水进行了光催化降解研究,探讨了pH值、外加氧化剂对光催化降解率的影响,并对催化剂进行了回收再生利用试验.结果表明,TiO2/AC催化剂具有良好的光催化活性、吸附特性及可再生性,60 min后对2种染料反应的光催化降解率分别可达到99.71%和97 12%,反应180 min后的TOC去除率分别达到81.54%和81.99%;反应后TiO2/AC催化剂回收率大于95%,经焙烧再生后对橙黄G反应60 min的光催化降解率仍高达95.93%.     

Photocatalytic degradation of Chicago Sky Blue 6B and Benzopurpurin 4B using titanium dioxide thin film

Aqueous solutions of azo dyes undergo degradation to form harmless intermediates and colorless products following irradiation by visible light in the presence of titanium dioxide thin films. The dyes that were studied in this work are： Chicago Sky Blue 6B and Benzopurpurin 4B. Results obtained indicated that complete mineralization of the dyes took place under the experimental conditions. There was an increase in conductivity after the complete mineralization experiments possibly indicating the formation of ions such as NO3^- and SO4^2-. Chemical oxygen demand（COD） measurements show a decrease in organic matter for both dyes following complete degradation. The effect of how changing experimental conditions such as pH, temperature and starting concentrations of dyes affected the rate of dye degradation was measured. There was an increase in the rate of disappearance of the dye color at lower pH. High concentrations of dye solutions reauired Iona dearadation time.     

TiO2-assisted photo-catalysis degradation process of dye chemicals

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍａｉｎ ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ｔｈｅｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｄｙｅｉｎｇａｎｄｆｉｎｉｓｈｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙａｎｎｕａｌｌｙｃｒｅａｔｅｓ 9— 12× 10 8ｍ3ｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｏｒｇａｎｉｃｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｎｄｃｏｌｏｕｒ(Ｌｉ,1999ｂ) .Ｄｙｅｓａｒｅｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｃｌａｓｓｏｆｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃｏｒｇａｎｉｃｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ.Ｉｎ ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ,ｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｔｒｅ…     

SnO2/TS-1纳米材料及光催化降解工业染料研究

以SnCl_4·5H_2O为原料,钛硅分子筛TS-1为载体,采用超声溶胶-凝胶法制备了负载型催化剂SnO_2/TS-1,并对该催化剂进行X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、比表面积等表征.以罗丹明B作为模拟废水(20 mg·L~(-1)),系统研究了催化剂SnO_2/TS-1纳米材料制备条件与影响光降解性能的主要因素,并对印染企业的实际印染染料进行降解.结果表明:在pH=7.0~8.0下,经450℃焙烧制备了球形SnO_2/TS-1(SnO_2负载量为42%)纳米催化剂,比表面积为270 m~2·g~(-1),平均孔径为46.81 nm;在高压汞灯(λ_(max)=365 nm)光照60 min,催化剂用量为30 mg的条件下,催化剂对实际应用的工业染料罗丹明B、酸性蓝、活性黑、RGFL黄、酸性红A-2BF的降解率分别为96.44%、99.85%、99.78%、96.15%、94.65%,TOC与COD的下降率分别为89.3%~96.4%和81.6%~90.4%,且催化剂稳定性较好.     

TiO2/Ag modified penta-bismuth hepta-oxide nitrate and its adsorption performance for azo dye removal

A modified hydrophilic penta-bismuth hepta-oxide nitrate (Bi₅O₇NO₃) surface was synthesized via a precipitation method using TiO₂ and Ag as modified agents. The synthesized product was characterized by different analytical techniques. The removal efficiency was evaluated using mono-and di-sulphonated azo dyes as model pollutants. Different kinetic, isotherm and diffusion models were chosen to describe the adsorption process. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed no noticeable differences in the chemical states of modified adsorbent when compared to pure Bi₅O₇NO₃;however, the presence of hydrophilic centres such as TiO₂ and Ag developed positively charged surface groups and improved its adsorption performance to a wide range of azo dyes. Dyes removal was found to be a function of adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, solution pH and temperature. The reduction of Langmuir 1,2-mixed order kinetics to the second or first-order kinetics could be successfully used to describe the adsorption of dyes onto the modified adsorbent. Mass transfer can be described by intra-particle diffusion at a certain stage, but it was not the rate limiting step that controlled the adsorption process. Homogenous behavior of adsorbent surface can be explored by applying Langmuir isotherm to fit the adsorption data.     

Parameters e ect on heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of phenol in aqueous dispersion of TiO2

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol selected as model compound of organic pollutant had been investigated in aqueous titanium dioxide (TiO2) dispersion under UV irradiation. The e ects of various parameters such as pH, catalyst concentration, phenol concentration, anions, metal ions, electron acceptors, and surfactants on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol were investigated. The degradation kinetics was determined by the change in phenol concentration employing UV-Vis spectrometry as a function of irradiation time. The degradation kinetics of phenol follows pseudo first-order kinetics. The results showed a significant dependence of the photocatalytic degradation of phenol on the functional parameters. The probable promising roles of the additives on the degradation process were discussed     

锐钛矿型TiO2光催化降解异噻唑啉酮废水研究

本文制备了自然光照条件下能有效降解异噻唑啉酮模拟废水(主要成分MI和CMI)的锐钛矿型TiO2光催化剂,并通过电镜分析(TEM、HRTEM)和XRD手段对其进行表征,优化了光催化处理异噻唑啉酮模拟废水的反应条件,并分析了异噻唑啉酮的降解产物情况和自然光照条件下羟基自由基的产生情况.结果表明,合成的锐钛矿型TiO2主要暴露面为{101}面,具有较好的异噻唑啉酮去除效果.在500 W氙灯照射下,12~53 mg·L-1异噻唑啉酮模拟废水在催化剂投加量为677 mg·L-1的条件下反应4 h,异噻唑啉酮去除率可以达到97%~100%;当异噻唑啉酮模拟废水浓度升高为141 mg·L-1时,其去除率为77%~80%,最佳反应时间4 h.对异噻唑啉酮降解产物的分析显示,在光催化反应结束时,MI为主要的残留物质,CMI脱氯转化为氯离子和MI,并发现未知有机产物.     

Rubber sheet strewn with TiO2 particles:Photocatalytic activity and recyclability

A new method for the preparation of rubber sheet strewn with titanium dioxide particles (TiO₂-strewn sheet) is presented. This simple and low cost method is based on the use of TiO₂ powder (Degussa P25) being strewn onto the sheet made from rubber latex (60% HA) through a steel sieve. The characteristic of the TiO₂-strewn sheet was studied by using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂-strewn rubber sheet was evaluated using Indigo Carmine (IC) dye as a model for organic dye pollutant in water. The results showed that the TiO₂-strewn sheet could degrade IC dye solution under UV light irradiation. The effects of pH, initial concentration, and the intensity of UV light on the photodegradation were also investigated. Kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation was of the first-order reaction. The used TiO₂-strewn sheet can be recovered and reused. The recycling uses did not require any cleaning between successive uses and no decline in the photodegradation efficiency was observed compared with freshly prepared TiO₂-strewn sheet.     

Kinetics of photoelectrocatalytic degradation of humic acid using B2O3·TiO2/Ti photoelectrode

An innovative photoelectrode, B₂O₃·TiO₂/Ti electrode, was prepared by galvanostaticanodisation. The morphology and crystalline texture of the B₂O₃·TiO₂ film on electrode were examined by acomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction respectively. The examination results indicated that the anatase was the dominant component. The kinetics of photoelectrocatalytic(PEC) degradation of humic acid(HA) was investigated; the results demonstrated that effects from strongness to weakness on the photoelectrocatalytic degraded rate of humic acid: power of UV-lamp, area of TiO₂ film, bias, original concentration of humic acid solution. The optimum conditions were power of UV-lamp 125 W, area of TiO2 film 42.0 cm² , bias 1.4 V, original concentration of humic acid solution 5 mg/L in this PEC reaction system.     

凹凸棒负载TiO2对偶氮染料和纺织废水光催化脱污

通过浸渍的方法 ,制备了天然粘土矿石凹凸棒负载的P2 5TiO2 固化催化剂 .实验了催化剂的负载量和煅烧温度对催化剂活性的影响 .研究了最佳固化催化剂对 5种生物难降解的偶氮染料和纺织废水的太阳光催化脱污 .结果证实该固定化催化剂能利用太阳能光催化脱污偶氮染料及毛纺织废水 ,而且具有高的稳定性 ,可重复使用     

Ag/TiO2光电催化降解染料及出水有机质影响机制

本研究以阳极氧化法结合电化学沉积法成功制备的具有高度整齐有序纳米管结构的Ag/TiO₂纳米管阵列（Ag/TNTAs）为阳极,碳/聚四氟乙烯为阴极构建光电催化（PEC）体系.并探究其光电催化降解甲基橙（MO）效能,结果表明,Ag/TNTAs光电催化降解能力（68.2%）远高于光催化（18.9%）、电化学氧化（38.2%）和直接光解;另外在水质净化厂出水有机质（EfOM）参与的光电体系中,当EfOM的初始浓度小于或等于1.0mgC/L时,其对光电催化降解MO起到促进作用,其中当其浓度为0.4mgC/L时促进作用最为明显.而高浓度的EfOM则抑制光电催化活性.此研究表明光电催化体系能高效催化染料降解,且EfOM能在一定阈值范围内促进光电催化降解污染物.     

Photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A using an integrated system of a new gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed reactor and micrometer Gd-doped TiO2 particles

A new gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed photocatalytic reactor (GLSCFBPR) with internally placed multi-layered UV lamps was developed. Micrometer Gd-TiO₂ particles and commercial nanometer P25-TiO₂ were chosen as the photocatalysts, and the hazardous substance bisphenol A (BPA) was chosen as the model pollutant to investigate the performance of this new photocatalytic system. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the micrometer Gd-TiO₂ particles was similar to that of the nanometer P-25 particles at their respective optimum dosage but the former could be easily separated out by gravity. After investigating the effects of process parameters on the photocatalytic BPA degradation, the response surface method (RSM) was further used for process optimization. The interactions among process parameters, i.e., TiO₂ concentration, superficial gas velocity and superficial liquid velocity were discovered and a related analysis was carried out to explore the underlying mechanism. A quadratic mathematic model was established and performed satisfactorily when used for prediction. The optimum conditions for this new process were as follows: TiO₂ concentration 4.5 g/L, superficial gas velocity 7.83 × 10^-3 m/sec and superficial liquid velocity 8.65 × 10^-3 m/sec.     

复合催化剂氧化锡/网状碳的制备及光催化降解罗丹明B的研究

模板法与水热合成法制备了氧化锡/网状碳（SnO₂/RCs）复合材料,以改善纯相氧化锡（SnO₂）对印染废水的光催化处理效果.采用多种表征手段对所制备复合材料的微观结构、微观形貌、孔径分布和比表面积、光吸收性能、官能团以及光电性能进行了分析.通过可见光催化降解10 mg·L^-1的罗丹明B溶液的实验评估了所制备材料的光催化性能和循环稳定性.结果表明,在可见光条件下,SnO₂/RCs复合材料的光催化性能与纯SnO₂相比有显著提升,并且具有良好的循环稳定性.自由基捕获实验表明复合材料在降解有机污染物的过程中起作用的主要活性基团为空穴,超氧自由基和羟基自由基.复合材料光催化性能提高的原因归纳为：（1）能带结构改善所引起的对可见光的吸收性能的提高;（2）高的比表面积为光催化降解反应提供了更多的活性位点;（3）氧化锡与网状多孔碳所形成的异质结,使得电子传输/迁移能力提高,抑制了光生电子-空穴对的复合.     

Evaluating the effectiveness of marine actinobacterial extract and its mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the degradation of azo dyes

Aim of the present study was to synthesize titanium dioxide nanoparticles （YiO2 NPs） from marine actinobacteria and to develop an eco-friendly azo-dye degradation method. A total of five actinobacterial isolates were isolated from Chennai marine sediments, Tamilnadu, India and analyzed for the synthesis of TiO2 NPs using titanium hydroxide. Among these, the isolate PSV 3 showed positive results for the synthesis of TiO2 NPs, which was confirmed by UV analysis. Further characterization of the synthesized TiO2 NPs was done using XRD, AFM and FI＇-IR analysis. Actinobacterial crude extract and synthesized TiO2 NPs was found efficient in degrading azo dye such as Acid Red 79 （AR-79） and Acid Red 80 （AR-80）. Degradation percentage was found to be 81% for AR-79, 83% for AR-80 using actinobacterial crude extract and 84% for AR-79, 85% for AR-80 using TiO2 NPs. Immobilized actinobacterial ceils showed 88% for AR-79 and 81% for AR- 80, dye degrading capacity. Degraded components were characterized by FT-IR and GC-MS analysis. The phytotoxicity test with 500 μg/mL of untreated dye showed remarkable phenotypic as well as cellular damage to Tagetes erecta plant. Comparatively no such damage was observed on plants by degraded dye components. In biotoxicity assay, treated dyes showed less toxic effect as compared to the untreated dyes.     

Ti0.7W0.3O2@BiVO4 p-n复合异质结构界面光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化降解苯酚机理的研究

设计并制备了新型Ti_0.7W_0.3O₂/BiVO₄ p-n复合异质结构界面光催化剂应用于可见光条件下降解模拟含苯酚污染物的废水.采用粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、固体粉末紫外漫反射(DRS)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术表征了Ti_0.7W_0.3O₂/BiVO₄ p-n复合异质结构界面的性状.结果显示BiVO₄纳米粒子均匀地分布在Ti_0.7W_0.3O₂纳米颗粒周围并构筑了稳定的p-n复合异质结构界面.Ti_0.7W_0.3O₂/BiVO₄ p-n复合异质结构界面光催化剂具有更宽的可见光响应范围和更低的能带宽度.纯BiVO₄和Ti_0.7W_0.3O₂     

Photocatalytic parameters and kinetic study for degradation of dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP) dye using highly active mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles

Highly active mesoporous TiO_2 of about 6 nm crystal size and 280.7 m~2/g specific surface areas has been successfully synthesized via controlled hydrolysis of titanium butoxide at acidic medium. It was characterized by means of XRD(X-ray diffraction), SEM(scanning electron microscopy), TEM(transmission electron microscopy), FT-IR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), TGA(thermogravimetric analysis), DSC(differential scanning calorimetry) and BET(Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) surface area. The degradation of dichlorophenol-indophenol(DCPIP) under ultraviolet(UV) light was studied to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of samples. The effects of different parameters and kinetics were investigated. Accordingly, a complete degradation of DCPIP dye was achieved by applying the optimal operational conditions of 1 g/L of catalyst, 10 mg/L of DCPIP, pH of 3 and the temperature at 25 ± 3°C after 3 min under UV irradiation. Meanwhile, the Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic model described the variations in pure photocatalytic branch in consistent with a first order power law model.The results proved that the prepared TiO_2 nanoparticle has a photocatalytic activity significantly better than Degussa P-25.     

TiO2/ZSM-5m光催化耦合过硫酸盐降解焦化尾水的研究

以具有介孔结构的沸石分子筛ZSM-5m负载纳米TiO2制备出复合型光催化剂,用扫描电镜、比表面及孔径分析仪和X射线衍射对形貌和结构进行表征,通过序批试验考察了TiO2/ZSM-5m/过硫酸盐体系深度降解焦化生化处理出水中残余有机污染物(ROPs)的效果和机理.结果表明,在COD初始平均浓度为352mg/L,TiO2/ ZSM-5m投加量为1.6g/L,pH值为3.0,C(Na2S2O8)为0.8g/L,常温下反应180min,COD出水平均浓度为76.3mg/L,去除率达到78.2 %,在上述优化条件下可达到现行污染物排放标准.ROPs光催化符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood模型,推测具有微介双孔结构的催化剂表面电子易被S2O82-俘获,降低空穴与电子的复合率,促进了·OH 和SO4-·形成,对ROPs的吸附和光降解有较大的强化作用.用GC-MS对处理前后废水中的污染物进行测定以揭示降解与转化规律,发现苯类特征污染物能有效降解,但产生的中间产物明显增多.