白腐真菌F1对染料脱色特性的研究

本研究从我国生物资源中筛选出一株白腐真菌F1，确定了其生长条件，实现了扩大培养，并研究了F1与黄孢原毛平革菌对4种难降解染料的脱色效果。试验结果表明：F1对中性深黄GRL、酸性媒介漂蓝B和刚果红的脱色效率都超过90％；白腐真菌能在短时间内将有毒染料酸性媒介漂蓝B降低到较低浓度；白腐真菌对染料脱色的同时，自身能够繁殖生长。     

白腐真菌对染料脱色及降解过程机理和影响因素

许多白腐真菌对染料具有广谱的脱色和降解能力 ,其脱色及降解作用可能主要是由于其在次生代谢阶段产生的木质素过氧化酶LiPs和锰过氧化酶MnPs所致。培养条件对白腐真菌脱色及降解活性有较大的影响 ,在培养基中加入藜芦醇和二价锰等能够显著提高木质素过氧化酶的产生 ;富氮培养基会抑制LiPs的生成 ;硫脲、叠氮化物、氰化物等均能明显地抑制白腐真菌的脱色及降解活性 ;缓冲液的选择对维持稳定的 pH值和菌丝的形态有一定作用 ,从而影响其脱色效果 ;富氧环境是一切白腐真菌对染料进行脱色和降解的必要条件 ;适度的搅拌混合有利于反应时的物质之间传递 ;一般地 ,在培养时间达到 3天以后白腐真菌才能达到较高的脱色与降解活性。染料分子大小和结构及其基团的位置对脱色及降解效果有明显影响。使用特殊填料极大地提高处理系统中的生物量以克服真菌生长速度相对较慢、提高处理能力是该技术今后的研究重点。     

白腐真菌对染料脱色及降解过程机理和影响因素

许多白腐真菌对染料具有广谱的脱色和降解能力,其脱色及降解作用可能主要是由于其在次生代谢阶段产生的木质素过氧化酶LiPs和猛过氧化MnPs所致。培养条件对白腐真菌脱色及降解活性有较大的影响,在培养基中加入藜芦醇和二价猛等能够显著提高木质素过氧化酶的产生;富氮培养基会抑制LiPs的生成;硫脲、叠氮化物、氰化物等均能明显地抑制白腐真菌的脱色及降解活性;缓冲液的选择对维持稳定pH值和菌丝的形态有一定作用,从而影响其脱色效果;富氧环境是一切白腐真菌对染料进行脱色和降解的必要条件;适度的搅拌混合有利于反应时的物质之间传递;一般地,在培养时间达到3天以后白腐真菌才能达到较高的脱色与降解活性。染料分子大小和结构及其基团的位置对脱色及降解效果有明显影响。使用特殊填料极大提高处理系统中的生物量以克服真菌生长速度相对较慢、提高处理能力是该技术今后的研究重点。     

漆酶对活性艳蓝染料废水脱色

用白腐真菌漆酶对活性艳蓝X-BR和活性艳蓝K-NR 2种活性染料进行脱色实验。研究了pH、温度、染料浓度和酶活力对脱色率的影响。结果表明,漆酶脱色的适宜条件为:反应温度45℃,pH 6～7,适宜染料浓度为50 mg/L,酶浓度5 U/mL,反应1 h两种染料脱色率可达到75%;通过正交实验确定2种染料的最佳脱色组合分别为:反应温度55℃、pH7、活性艳蓝X-BR浓度50 mg/L、酶浓度5 U/mL和反应温度55℃、pH 6、活性艳蓝K-NR浓度50 mg/L、酶浓度5 U/mL。在所得最优条件下反应1 h,活性艳蓝X-BR和活性艳蓝K-NR的脱色率分别为74.2%和78.6%;反应2 h,脱色率分别为78%和79.5%。     

高压电晕与臭氧联用对不同结构染料脱色效果的比较研究

比较研究了高压电晕与臭氧联用对活性艳红X-3B(单偶氮)、活性艳蓝X-BR(蒽醌)、活性黑KN-GRRC(双偶氮)、酸性红ARL(单偶氮)、酸性蓝BRL(蒽醌)、酸性橙AGT(双偶氮)和分散蓝2BLN(蒽醌)7种染料模拟废水的脱色效果.结果显示,酸性橙AGT模拟废水的脱色速度较慢,而其他6种染料在15 min内都能完全脱色,这表明染料结构本身的差异决定了脱色效果;活性染料模拟废水的脱色效果优于酸性染料;蒽醌染料和单偶氮染料模拟废水的脱色效果明显好于双偶氮染料.     

网络版论文摘要

水蕹菜、生物刷改善池塘水环境效果试验;白腐真菌J610-D对染料脱色的影响因素研究;流化床粉煤灰合成分子筛的研究;WT-FG生物法对垃圾渗滤液中双酚A的去除效果;     

11株白腐真菌对5种偶氮染料脱色效果比较及其脱色条件优化

通过11株白腐真菌对5种偶氮染料脱色效果比较的基础上,从中筛选出一株对偶氮染料酸性铬蓝K脱色效果较好的菌株云芝SG0027,并对其脱色条件进行优化。在单因素和Plackett-Burman实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken设计方法,以酸性铬蓝K脱色率为响应值,对其降解条件进行优化。结果表明,云芝对偶氮染料酸性铬蓝K的最佳降解条件为:温度29.5℃,接菌量2片(直径为4 mm的菌片),葡萄糖20 g/L,马铃薯40 g/L,装液量30 m L/100 m L,摇床转速150 r/min,初始p H 5.5。优化后,云芝对酸性铬蓝K的脱色率可达95.94%。     

微生物在含染料废水处理中的应用

印染和染料废水属于难处理工业废水,常规的物化方法费用大,产生污泥多,使用不普遍。生物法克服了这些缺点,正受到越来越的关注,其中关于微生物的脱色能力有不少研究报告。利用微生物进行染料脱色和降解被认为是去除这些污染物的经济有效的方法。真菌,细菌和藻类均可以降解部分染料,特别是白腐真菌Ｐ．ｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｒｉｕｍ的脱色能力有了大量的研究结果。本文综合了最近几年真菌,细菌和藻类在染料废水脱色降解中作用的研     

新生态MnO2吸附剂对酸性媒介染料废水脱色特性研究

本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式     

微生物在含染料废水处理中的应用

印染和染料废水属于难处理工业废水.常规的物化方法费用大,产生污泥多,使用不普遍.生物法克服了这些缺点,正受到越来越多的关注,其中关于微生物的脱色能力有不少研究报告.利用微生物进行染料脱色和降解被认为是去除这些污染物的经济有效的方法.真菌,细菌和藻类均可以降解部分染料,特别是白腐真菌P.chrysosporium的脱色能力有了大量的研究结果.本文综合了最近几年真菌,细菌和藻类在染料废水脱色降解中作用的研究成果,并据此初步分析了染料降解机理和部分影响因素.     

白腐菌J-6对五类化学结构染料的脱色性能

从白腐菌中筛出了一株能对五类不同化学结构的染料进行高效脱色的菌株——J-6。通过采用“批式”摇床培养法,测定染料脱色率,从而确定该菌株能高效脱色的最佳培养时间和连续处理染料的能力。发酵培养96h的菌体可使活性艳蓝R(A)SP在5h内脱色率达95％以上;活性翠蓝G、活性黑GRP、混合染料在9h内脱色率达90％以上;孔雀绿、Po1yR-478在24h内脱色率分别达95％、90％以上。另外,J-6对不同染料最佳脱色时间和最终脱色效率与菌体本身发酵培养的时间长短和染料的种类紧密相关。J6处理能力强,连续处理4次染料后仍保持较高的脱色率。     

碱法麦草浆漂白废水脱色白腐菌的筛选及脱色研究

从腐木上采集,经多次分离纯化筛选出2株具有较高漂白废水脱色能力的菌株F7、F9,与Phanerochaete Chrysosporium在相同的条件下处理碱法麦草浆CE段混合漂白废水,培养4d脱色率分别为74．44％,46．67％和62．22％。延长培养时间至第8d,F7菌脱色效果不明显,而F9菌脱色可增至67．58％。     

Effect of Tween 80 and beta-cyclodextrin on degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) by White rot fungi

The environmental safety of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), a widely used flame retardant, has been the topic of controversial discussions during the past several years. Degradation of BDE-209 into lower brominated diphenyl ether congeners, exhibiting a higher bioaccumulation potential, has been a critical issue. White rot fungi are known to degrade a wide variety of recalcitrant pollutants. In this work, white rot fungi were used to degrade BDE-209 in liquid culture medium, and the effects of Tween 80 and beta-cyclodextrin on BDE-209 degradation by white rot fungi were evaluated. On the basis of these results, it appears that BDE-209 could be degraded by white rot fungi, and Tween 80 and beta-cyclodextrin can both increase the biodegradation. The best result in Tween 80 experiments was obtained at a Tween 80 concentration of 500mgl(-1) within 10d, which showed 96.5% (w/w) BDE-209 transformed. Tween 80 at a high concentration will restrain the fungal growth and the degradation of BDE-209. However, beta-cyclodextrin had positive effects both on the BDE-209 degradation and the fungal growth.     

Decolorization and degradation of H-acid and other dyes using ferrous-hydrogen peroxide system

In this study, advanced oxidation process utilizing Fenton's reaction was investigated for the decolorization and degradation of two commercial dyes viz., Red M5B, Blue MR and H-acid, a dye intermediate used in chemical industries for the synthesis of direct, reactive and azo dyes. Effect of Fe2 +, H2O2, pH, and contact time on the degradation of the dyes was studied. Maximum color and COD removal was obtained for Red MSB, H-acid and Blue MR at 10-25 mg/l of Fe2+ dose and 400-500 mg/l of H2O2 dose at pH 3.0. The initial oxidation reaction was found to fit into first order rate kinetics and the rate of oxidation of H-acid was higher than the other dyes. Release of chloride and sulfate from the Fenton's treated Red M5B dye and sulfate from H-acid and Blue MR indicates that the dye degradation proceeds through cleavage of the substituent group.     

Coupling occurs before breakdown during biotransformation of Acid Blue 62 by white rot fungi

Only few data exist on the metabolites produced during the biotransformation of anthraquinonic dyes by white rot fungi (WRF). During the biotransformation of an anthraquinonic dye Acid Blue 62 (ABu62) using Pycnoporus sanguineus MUCL 41582 strain, it was previously demonstrated that the blue colour of the medium turned to red before complete dye decolourisation. To better understand the phenomenon, this study carried out ABu62 biotransformation with five different WRF strains (Coriolopsis polyzona MUCL 38443, Perenniporia ochroleuca MUCL 41114, Perenniporia tephropora MUCL 41562, P. sanguineus MUCL 38531 and Trametes versicolor MUCL 38412) and compared with P. sanguineus MUCL 41582 previously described. A multi-methodological approach (using capillary electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, HPLC, UV, NMR and IR spectroscopies) was developed to characterise the metabolites involved and monitor their apparition. Seven metabolites were commonly found with all strains, suggesting a common metabolic pathway for ABu62 biotransformation. During the first days, dimer and oligomers of the initial ABu62 molecule were observed: the main one absorbed in the 500nm region, explaining the red colour appearance of the medium. This main metabolite was made up of two molecules of ABu62 linked by an azo bond, minus a cyclohexyl moiety. After a longer incubation time, breakdown products were observed. Based on these products characterizations, a bioconversion pathway was proposed.     

Advanced oxidation processes in azo dye wastewater treatment.

The chemical degradation of synthetic azo dyes color index (C.I.) Acid Orange 7, C.I. Direct Orange 39, and C.I. Mordant Yellow 10 has been studied by the following advanced oxidation processes: Fenton, Fenton-like, ozonation, peroxone without or with addition of solid particles, zeolites HY, and NH4ZSM5. Spectrophotometric (UV/visible light spectrum) and total organic carbon measurements were used for determination of process efficiency and reaction kinetics. The degradation rates are evaluated by determining their rate constants. The different hydroxyl radical generation processes were comparatively studied, and the most efficient experimental conditions for the degradation of organic azo dyes solutions were determined.     

实用型深度光氧化设备对几种染料和多菌灵农药废水的处理

利用HFS 1型深度光氧化废水处理设备对活性艳蓝K3R、酸性红 3B、活性黑KNB、酸性红A、直接耐酸大红4BS等 5种染料的水溶液和多菌灵农药废水进行了深度光氧化处理。结果表明 :(1)染料在处理 5min后 ,脱色率都在 90 %以上 ;处理 15min后 ,CODCr的去除率除活性艳蓝K3R较低外 ,其余的都在 80 %以上 ;BOD5/CODCr的值都有所增大。 (2 )多菌灵农药废水 (经稀释 )处理 4 0min后CODCr的去除率为 5 7.0 % ,BOD5/CODCr的值由 0 .2 0增加到 0 .4 4。 (3)采用深度光氧化 -絮凝的工艺处理多菌灵农药废水 ,CODCr的去除率为 5 7.5 %。     

Sorption of basic and acid dyes from aqueous solutions onto oxihumolite

Naturally occurring kind of weathered and oxidised young brown coal called oxihumolite was used for an adsorptive removal of basic (Methylene Blue, Malachite Green) as well as acid (Egacid Orange, Midlon Black) dyes from waters. It was shown that both kinds of dyes can be sorbed onto oxihumolite. The maximum sorption capacities determined from the parameters of Langmuir isotherms ranged from 0.070 mmol g-1 (for Midlon Black) to 0.278 mmol g-1 (for Malachite Green) and did not differ significantly for basic and acid dyes. The dye sorption (except of Midlon Black) increased in the presence of inorganic salt. Non-ionic surfactants, and surfactants bearing the same charge as the dye exhibited only a minor effect on the dye sorption, whereas oppositely charged surfactants enhanced the dye sorption to a certain extent. The pH value of the aqueous phase exhibited rather pronounced effect on the sorption of acid dyes causing a suppression of the sorption with increasing pH. The sorption of basic dyes, on the other hand, remained almost unchanged in the examined pH range. Oxihumolite is recommended for the treatment of acid wastewaters because of its limited stability in alkaline aqueous solutions.     

Semiconductor-assisted photocatalytic degradation of reactive dyes in aqueous solution

This work reports the semiconductor-assisted photochemical degradation of reactive dyes. In an oxygenated-UV-ZnO system almost total decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Remazol Black B, Reactive Blue 221 and Reactive Blue 222 was observed in reaction times of about 60 min. Extending the photochemical treatment up to 120 min, mineralization higher than 80% for all the dyes was observed. During the same period, the residual acute toxicity was significantly reduced only for Remazol Black B. A systematic optimization study carried out by factorial design showed that for the reactive dyes tested, the ZnO semiconductor exhibits a better efficiency than that observed with anatase TiO2. A synergistic effect in the coupled TiO2-ZnO system was not observed.     

Reduction of Fusarium rot and maintenance of fruit quality in melon using eco-friendly hot water treatment

Significant losses in harvested fruit can be directly attributable to decay fungi and quality deterioration. Hot water treatment (HWT) has been demonstrated to be an effective and economic environment-friendly approach for managing postharvest decay and maintaining fruit quality. In this study, the effects of HWT (45 °C for 10, 15, 20, and 25 min) on in vitro growth of Fusarium oxysporum, in vivo Fusarium rot, and natural decay of melon were investigated. HWT inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of F. oxysporum. Protein impairment and ATP consumption triggered by HWT contributed to the inhibitory effect. Results of in vivo studies showed that HWT effectively controlled Fusarium rot and natural decay of melon. Correspondingly, HWT induced a significant increase in content of total phenolic compounds and lignin of melon. These findings indicate that the effects of HWT on Fusarium rot may be associated with the direct fungal inhibition and the elicitation of defense responses in fruit. Importantly, HWT used in this study had beneficial effects on fruit quality as well. HWT may represent an effective non-chemical approach for management of postharvest Fusarium rot.