共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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医疗废物污染防治是环境保护工作的重要组成部分,若医疗废物处置不当,将对水体、大气和土壤造成污染,甚至严重威胁人民群众身心健康.在“十一五”期间,中国投入了大量资金用于医疗废物处置设施建设,但大部分医疗废物处置单位的运营存在问题.介绍了医疗废物处置的背景,综合分析了问题产生的原因,提出了完善医疗废物管理的建议. 相似文献
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医疗废物安全处置是阻断疫情蔓延的重要环节。重大疫情期间,由于医疗废物产生量急剧增加,常态下的医疗废物收集、转运、处置能力无法满足需要。通过分析我国医疗废物管理现状、重大疫情期间医疗废物产生特点,讨论疫情期间医疗废物应急处置存在的问题及原因,提出构建新的医疗废物处置模式、建立医疗废物应急处置制度体系、组建国家级和省级医疗废物应急机构、做好医疗废物应急处置设施备用工作等建议,为提升医疗废物应急处置能力提供参考,保障重大疫情期间医疗废物得到及时、安全处置。 相似文献
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PVC废物及其处理技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
PVC广泛应用于工业和日常生活中,PVC废物的产生量将会在将来一段时间内持续增长,对PVC废物处理处置问题研究成为固体废物处理处置的一个方向,目前,PVC废物还缺乏系统、完善的管理手段和处理技术。本文在分析PVC废物特点其环境潜在危害特性的基础上,比较分析各种PVC废物处理技术的优势和存在的问题,及国内外在PVC废物处理处置方面的具体实践,以期探讨PVC废物的处理对策并提出今后PVC废物处理的发展趋势和研究方向。 相似文献
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2019年新冠疫情席卷全球,在疫情环境下,医疗废物大幅增多,全国各大城市纷纷出现医疗废物处置不当的现象。本文对国内外现状分析,在认知、设施、管理和监督四个方面发现存在一定的问题,通过加强教育、加大储备、完善机制和改善监管的建议,为提升医疗废物应急处置能力提供参考。 相似文献
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通过调研全面论述了核电厂运行过程中产生的低中水平放射性废物的处置与管理,包括国内外低中放射性废物处置的法律、法规,审管部门的职责,废物处置过程中的质量保证和公众参与以及废物处置的资金负担等。 相似文献
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污水土地处理与人民生活息息相关,这就使得污水土地处理作为一项环境治理的实用技术越来越多地引起人们的重视。本文阐述了该处理技术的优缺点,论述了其消除污染物危害的机理,特别讨论了污水土地处埋系统设计中需要考虑的因素。 相似文献
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Pornwipa Klangsin Anna K. Harding 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):516-526
ABSTRACT This study investigated medical waste practices used by hospitals in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, which includes the majority of hospitals in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Region 10. During the fall of 1993, 225 hospitals were surveyed with a response rate of 72.5%. The results reported here focus on infectious waste segregation practices, medical waste treatment and disposal practices, and the operating status of hospital incinerators in these three states. Hospitals were provided a definition of medical waste in the survey, but were queried about how they define infectious waste. The results implied that there was no consensus about which agency or organization's definition of infectious waste should be used in their waste management programs. Confusion around the definition of infectious waste may also have contributed to the finding that almost half of the hospitals are not segregating infectious waste from other medical waste. The most frequently used practice of treating and disposing of medical waste was the use of private haulers that transport medical waste to treatment facilities (61.5%). The next most frequently reported techniques were pouring into municipal sewage (46.6%), depositing in landfills (41.6%), and autoclaving (32.3%). Other methods adopted by hospitals included Electro-Thermal-Deac-tivation (ETD), hydropulping, microwaving, and grinding before pouring into the municipal sewer. Hospitals were asked to identify all methods they used in the treatment and disposal of medical waste. Percentages, therefore, add up to greater than 100% because the majority chose more than one method. Hospitals in Oregon and Washington used microwaving and ETD methods to treat medical waste, while those in Idaho did not. No hospitals in any of the states reported using irradiation as a treatment technique. Most hospitals in Oregon and Washington no longer operate their incinerators due to more stringent regulations regarding air pollution emissions. Hospitals in Idaho, however, were still operating incinerators in the absence of state regulations specific to these types of facilities. 相似文献
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Medical Waste Committee 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1176-1179
Medical (biomedical) wastes pose numerous potential health and safety hazards. In addition to their infectious and toxic characteristics, the highly variable and inconsistent nature of medical waste streams has increased public concern about storage, treatment, transportation, and ultimate disposal. In recent years, techniques have been developed to reduce human exposure to the toxic and infectious components of medical wastes. The most commonly used techniques include internal segregation, containment, and incineration. Other common techniques include grinding, shredding, and disinfection, e.g., autoclaving and chemical treatment followed by landfilling. Of all the available technologies for medical waste treatment and disposal, incineration has been found to be the most effective method overall for destroying infectious and toxic material, volume reduction, and weight reduction in the medical waste stream, incineration destroys the broadest variety of medical waste constituents and can recover energy from the medical waste stream. Incineration also is an appropriate alternative to burial of human pathological remains. 相似文献
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