稀土偶联剂活化纳米CaCO3改性纸塑复合材料在管材中的应用研究

介绍了以稀土偶联剂对纳米CaCO3进行表面活化处理,并作为改性剂对废旧纸塑复合材料进行生产管材的方案.探讨了纸塑复合材料的配方、纸塑编织袋的处理、工艺及制备方法.结果表明:经稀土偶联剂活化处理的纳米CaCO3进行改性的纸塑复合材料,可改善纸塑复合材料的加工性能,增强物料的界面黏结强度,提高管材的力学性能.     

PE-g-MAH相容剂对HDPE/r-PPA复合材料性能的影响研究

以回收纸塑铝包装材料(r-PPA)和高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为主要原料,以马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(PE-gMAH)为相容剂,制备了新型木塑生态复合板材料。研究了不同份量的PE-g-MAH对复合材料力学性能、24 h吸水率、转矩流变性能、旋转流变性能的影响。研究结果表明,PE-g-MAH能显著提高复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度,同时能有效降低复合材料的吸水率,提高复合材料中PE和PPA的界面粘结力,从而使熔体的平衡扭矩值升高,而改性后的复合材料弯曲强度基本保持不变。     

专利资讯

专利名称：利用离子液体进行办公废纸脱墨脱色的方法;专利名称：一种利用废纸制造轻质隔音抗震人造板的方法; 专利名称：用稻草制浆造纸的废弃物制造复合颗粒肥的方法;专利名称：废旧稻草纸制得的微／纳米纤丝增强聚丙烯纳米复合材料.     

秸塑复合材料——秸秆与废塑料资源化利用新途径

秸塑复合材料是木塑复合材料的发展和延伸,其在材料性能、成本控制和资源循环等方面优于木塑复合材料,为秸秆和废旧塑料的资源化利用提供了一条新的途径,具有更高的环保意义。阐述了秸塑复合材料的概念、应用意义和发展前景,分析了秸塑复合材料制备的关键技术问题,提供了秸秆和废旧塑料制备秸塑复合材料的技术方案,并综述了利用秸秆和废旧塑料制备秸塑复合材料的研究现状。     

铸造废砂/废地膜/粘附土三元复合体系的研究

通过X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析、热分析、电镜及能谱分析、图像分析,可以判断废旧地膜上粘附土的主要矿物质是结晶二氧化硅（粉粒级石英）,它们与聚合物基废弃物复合材料中作为填料的铸造石英砂的性状类同。废旧地膜可以不经清洗,直接与铸造废砂制备复合材料,这可大大降低复合材料的加工成本。这种复合材料实际上是由基体PE、粘附土中大量的SiO2和铸造石英砂SiO2组成的三元复合体系。     

专利资讯

专利名称：一种废旧轮胎胶粉/聚乙烯共混物的制备方法专利申请号：CN201010550838.X公开号：CN102093609A申请日：2010.11.19公开日：2011.06.15申请人：四川大学本发明公开了一种废旧轮胎胶粉/聚乙烯共混物的制备方法,其特点是采用臭氧处理的方法,在废橡胶微粉表面引入活性基团;采用γ-射线或电子束辐照在聚乙烯分子链上引入含氧极性基团。     

一种BiOCl_xBr_(1-x)/石墨烯微纳米复合光催化剂的制备方法

正该专利涉及一种BiOClxBr1-x/石墨烯微纳米复合光催化剂的制备方法。该光催化剂是以石墨烯为载体,负载有BiOClxBr1-x微纳米球的复合型光催化剂,其中Cl与Br的摩尔比为7∶3;对石墨烯表面进行BiOClxBr1-x微纳米球的负载改性,促进了光生电子从BiOClxBr1-x到石墨烯表面的迁移,制备的BiOClxBr1-x/石墨烯微纳米复合光催化剂具有高的紫外及可见光     

废旧聚乙烯的再生处理技术

从废旧聚乙烯的直接再生、改性再生和裂解再生三个方面,讨论了国内外处理和再生利用的情况,并对其再生技术与应用做了比较.我国处理和回收利用废旧聚乙烯时,要加强生物降解塑料等环境无负荷材料的研究与开发;加强固体废弃物的管理与循环利用的立法;实现经济与环境的和谐发展.     

专利文摘

一种用于光降解全氟有机酸的掺杂二氧化钛炭铁复合材料的制备方法该专利涉及一种用于光降解全氟有机酸的掺杂二氧化钛炭铁复合材料的制备方法。该掺杂二氧化钛炭铁复合材料是将纳米二氧化钛和纳米羟基铁固定在颗粒活性炭上,然后将该材料加入到全氟有     

Fe/SiO_2复合材料的制备及其对Cd~(2+)的吸附

以Na_2SiO_3为原料、聚乙二醇-2000为结构导向剂,采用溶胶-凝胶和高温煅烧两步法制备SiO_2微球,再以其为载体,采用液相还原法负载零价纳米铁,制得Fe/SiO_2复合材料。采用SEM,FTIR,XRD技术对Fe/SiO_2复合材料的形貌结构进行表征,研究了Fe/SiO_2复合材料对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能。表征结果显示,纳米铁以毛绒状负载在SiO_2微球上。实验结果表明,在溶液pH为5、n(SiO_2):n(Fe)=2、老化温度为70℃的最佳工艺条件下制备的Fe/SiO_2复合材料在25℃时处理Cd~(2+)初始质量浓度为35 mg/L的模拟含Cd~(2+)废水,Cd~(2+)吸附容量为28.10 mg/g。Fe/SiO_2复合材料对Cd~(2+)的吸附作用较符合准二级吸附动力学方程,对Cd~(2+)的等温吸附过程更符合Langmuir模型。     

Rheological, Mechanical and Thermal Behaviour of Wood Polymer Composites Based on Recycled Polypropylene

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of recycled polypropylene (PP) on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of wood flour polypropylene composites. Beforehand, the influence of wood flour treated with a coupling agent on the rheological behaviour had been looked at. By analysing moduli and viscosity curves and studying the thermal and mechanical properties of samples with 10% filler it was possible to see that the recycled PP that was added change in either its physical properties or its rheology. In the other wood plastic composites (WPC) studied, slight changes in the rheology behaviour were observed. However, the same processing parameters may be used with and without recycled PP. Recycled PP is appropriate for these kinds of composites to maintain the optimal rheological properties that make it easier to process the material by extrusion. Furthermore, it is also possible to maintain the thermal and mechanical properties in comparison with the behaviour of virgin PP/wood flour composites.     

From Waste to Reuse: Manufacture of Ecological Composites Based on Biopolyethylene/wood Powder with PE-g-MA and Macaíba Oil

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - This work aimed to investigate the biopolyethylene (BioPE)/wood powder (WP) composites compatibilized with polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA),...     

Effect of Thermo-Mechanical Degradation of Polypropylene on Hygroscopic Characteristics of Wood Flour-Polypropylene Composites

In this research, the influence of thermo-mechanical degradation of polypropylene (PP) on water absorption and thickness swelling of beech wood flour–PP composites were studied. For this purpose, a virgin PP was thermo-mechanically degraded by two times extrusion under controlled conditions. The results showed that the melt flow index, water absorption and thickness swelling of PP significantly increase by extrusion and re-extrusion. The virgin PP and degraded polypropylene were compounded with wood flour (at 60% by weight wood flour loading) in a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder in presence or absence of MAPP to produce wood flour–PP composites. From the results, the composites containing recycled PP exhibited higher water absorption and thickness swelling. The use of MAPP decreased water absorption and thickness swelling in composites made of virgin or recycled PP.     

Utilization of Porous Carbons Derived from Coconut Shell and Wood in Natural Rubber

The porous carbons derived from cellulose are renewable and environmentally friendly. Coconut shell and wood derived porous carbons were characterized with elemental analysis, ash content, X-ray diffraction, infrared absorbance, particle size, surface area, and pore volume. The results were compared with carbon black. Uniaxial deformation of natural rubber (NR) composites indicate the composites reinforced with the porous carbon from coconut shell have higher tensile moduli at the same elongation ratio than the composites reinforced with wood carbon. 40 % coconut shell composite showed a fivefold increase in tensile modulus compared to NR. Polymer–filler interactions were studied with frequency dependent shear modulus, swelling experiments and dynamic strain sweep experiments. Both linear and non-linear viscoelastic properties indicate the polymer–filler interactions are similar between coconut shell carbon and wood carbon reinforced composites. The swelling experiments, however, showed that the polymer–filler interaction is greater in the composites reinforced with coconut shell instead of wood carbon.     

Physical Morphology and Quantitative Characterization of Chemical Changes of Weathered PVC/Pine Composites

This study investigated weathering effects on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based wood plastic composites (WPC), with a focus on the color and structure that is attributed to the material composition. It is directed towards quantifying the main chemical modifications, such as carbonyl and vinyl groups which are formed during weathering. These composites were subjected to three weathering regimes: exterior, accelerated xenon-arc, and accelerated UVA. The change in color was monitored using colorimetry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify and quantify the chemical modifications (carbonyl formation and vinyl propagation) due to weathering. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the physical morphological changes that occurred. The results showed that exterior and accelerated xenon-arc and UVA weathering regimes increased the degree of lightness, total color change, carbonyl concentration, and wood loss on the surfaces of the weathered composites. The increased carbonyl concentration during weathering implied that degradation had occurred by oxidation process. Also, oxidation and lignin (from the wood) degradation influenced the color (lightness) of PVC based WPC upon weathering.     

Characterization of composites based on expanded polystyrene wastes and wood flour

This paper aims to evaluate the potential for the use of recycled expanded polystyrene and wood flour as materials for the development of wood plastic composites. The effects of wood flour loading and coupling agent addition on the mechanical properties and morphology of wood thermoplastic composites were examined. In addition, a methodology for the thermo-mechanical recycling of expanded polystyrene waste was developed. The results show that the mechanical properties decreased as the wood flour loading increased. On the other hand, the use of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), SMA, as a coupling agent improved the compatibility between the wood flour and polystyrene matrix and the mechanical properties subsequently improved. A morphological study revealed the positive effect of the coupling agent on the interfacial bonding. The density values obtained for the composites were compared with the theoretical values and showed agreement with the rule of mixtures. Based on the findings of this work, it appears that both recycled materials can be used to manufacture composites with high mechanical properties and low density.     

Effect of carbon dioxide injection on production of wood cement composites from waste medium density fiberboard (MDF)

The possibility of recycling waste medium density fiberboard (MDF) into wood-cement composites was evaluated. Both new fibers and recycled steam exploded MDF fibers had poor compatibility with cement if no treatment was applied, due to interference of the hydration process by the water soluble components of the fiber. However, this issue was resolved when a rapid hardening process with carbon dioxide injection was adopted. It appears that the rapid carbonation allowed the board to develop considerable strength before the adverse effects of the wood extractives could take effect. After 3-5 min of carbon dioxide injection, the composites reached 22-27% of total carbonation and developed 50-70% of their final (28-day) strength. Composites containing recycled MDF fibers had slightly lower splitting tensile strength and lower tensile toughness properties than those containing new fibers especially at a high fiber/cement ratio. Composites containing recycled MDF fibers also showed lower values of water absorption. Unlike composites cured conventionally, composites cured under CO(2) injection developed higher strength and toughness with increased fiber content. Incorporation of recycled MDF fibers into wood cement composites with CO(2) injection during the production stage presents a viable option for recycling of this difficult to manage waste material.     

Influence of Filler Particle Size on Physical Properties and Biodegradation of Biocomposites Based on Low-Density Polyethylene and Lignocellulosic Fillers

This study examined biocomposites based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and lignocellulosic fillers [wood flour (WF) and oil flax straw (FS)] selecting four size fractions of each lignocellulosic material as fillers for the composites. The primary aim was to evaluate the influence of fraction size on the composites’ basic properties; to accomplish this, the composites’ mechanical properties, thermal oxidation, thermophysical characteristics, and water absorption capacity were examined. Then microphotographs of the samples were created and length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio of the fillers was calculated, finding that the L/D ratio increased with increasing particle size. The particle size influenced the oxidative degradation and water absorption processes in composites with oil flax but not in those with WF. Biodegradation tests performed on the recovered soil found that the loss of mass in composites based on LDPE and FS was higher than in the same composites with WF. Moreover, at the initial stage of composting, the biodegradation rate correlated with the size of filler particles (i.e., the larger the particles, the higher the degradation rate of the biocomposite).     

Developing Biocomposites Panels from Food Packaging and Textiles Wastes: Physical and Biological Performance

The urban solid waste problem has been one of the biggest environmental challenges these days. In this context, developing biocomposites with improved performance by using various sources and wastes has been intensified in the last decades for economic and environmental points of view. In this study, physical behavior, fungal decay and termite attack tests were conducted in laboratory conditions to investigate the performance of composites developed from TetraPak and textile wastes. All the results were compared to standard wood products. The water swelling properties strongly decreased in the manufactured TetraPak composites when compared with the conventional particleboard panels. The fungal decay resistance tests revealed that the stand alone TetraPak based composites were not completely resistant to wood-decaying fungi. A significant amelioration in the decay durability was observed for the manufactured TetraPak composites compared to the standard wood samples. Durability classes were determined according to the criteria given in the European standard (CEN/TS15083-1). Interestingly, the data indicated that the increment of the wool waste proportion in the produced boards lead to a significant enhancement counter the test fungi. The results of termite screening test showed further considerable resistance for whole TetraPak based composites against termites when compared to traditional wood samples. Such panels could be an available alternative without any additives for wood based composite structures and it can be used in a wide range of applications.     

Effects of Waste Paper Sludge on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Wood Flour Composites

The objective of this work was to determine some physical and mechanical properties of the high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites reinforced with various mixtures of the paper sludge and the wood flour, and to evaluate the coupling agent performance. The waste sludge materials originating from two different sources including paper making waste water treatment sludge (PS) and ink-eliminated sludge (IES) were characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties. In the experiment, four levels of paper sludge (20, 30, 40 and 60 wt%), three levels of wood flour (20, 40 and 60 wt%), and two levels of coupling agent (MAPE) content (2 and 3 wt%) were used. The flexural properties of the composites were positively affected by the addition of the sludge. Especially, tensile modulus improved with the increase of paper sludge content. With the addition of MAPE, flexural properties improved considerably compared with control specimens (without any coupling agent). The results showed that the water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) values of the samples decreased considerably with increasing sludge content in the composite, while they increased with increasing wood flour content. It is to be noted that with incorporation of MAPE in the composite formulation, the compatibility between the wood flour and HDPE was enhanced through esterification, which reduced the WA and TS and improved the mechanical properties. Composites made with IES exhibited superior physico-mechanical properties compared with the PS filled composites. Overall results suggest that the waste paper sludge materials were capable of serving as feasible reinforcing fillers for thermoplastic polymer composites.