Health risk assessment of groundwater nitrate contamination: a case study of a typical karst hydrogeological unit in East China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrate pollution in rivers, lakes, shallow groundwater, and even deep groundwater occurs in many parts of the world. And, it’s essential to...     

Metal concentrations and mobility in marine sediment and groundwater in coastal reclamation areas: a case study in Shenzhen, China

The concentrations of metals in the buried marine sediment and groundwater were differently affected by land reclamation. Nine metals (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in sediment and coastal groundwater from reclamation areas in Shenzhen were examined. The gradually decreased concentrations (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn) in sediment and relatively higher concentrations (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Cd) in groundwater within reclamation areas were observed. The increase of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Cd concentrations in groundwater within reclamation areas subsequently after land reclamation should be resulted from the mobilization of these metals accumulated in the sediment. These metals appear to be easily mobilized from solid phase to solution phase after reclamation. The physico-chemical changes such as reduction in pH and salinity in water environment induced by land reclamation appear to be responsible for metal mobility in the sediment-groundwater system.     

Effect of solid waste landfill organic pollutants on groundwater in three areas of Sicily (Italy) characterized by different vulnerability

The aim of this study was to obtain information on the presence and levels of hazardous organic pollutants in groundwater located close to solid waste landfills. Eighty-two environmental contaminants, including 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 29 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 7 dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDDs) and 10 furans (polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDFs) were monitored in areas characterised by different geological environments surrounding three municipal solid waste landfills (Palermo, Siculiana and Ragusa) in Sicily (Italy) in three sampling campaigns. The total concentrations of the 16 PAHs were always below the legal threshold. Overall, the Fl/Fl + Py diagnostic ratio revealed that PAHs had a petrogenic origin. VOC levels, except for two notable exceptions near Palermo landfill, were always below the legal limit. As concerns PCB levels, several samples were found positive with levels exceeding the legal limits. It is worth noting that the % PCB distribution differs from that of commercial compositions. In parallel, some samples of groundwater containing PCDDs and PCDFs exceeding the legal threshold were also found. Among the 17 congeners monitored, the most abundant were the highest molecular weight ones.

     

重庆典型岩溶区地下河表层沉积物OCPs初步研究

利用GC-ECD对重庆典型岩溶区地下河表层沉积物中19种有机氯农药进行分析,结果表明,研究区总有机氯农药浓度为4.73～286.03 ng/g,DDTs浓度为0.35～181.78 ng/g,HCHs浓度为nd～23.53 ng/g。与国内外其他河流表层沉积物有机氯农药相比为高,说明重庆典型岩溶区地下河已处于较高污染状态。统计DDE/DDD发现,除姜家溶洞外,其他取样点DDE/DDD均大于1,表明研究区DDT降解主要在好氧环境中进行。除靛水地下河,其他取样点表层沉积物(DDD+DDE)/DDT均大于0.5,表明这些地区近年来没有新的DDT类农药输入。     

Quantifying groundwater phosphorus flux to rivers in a typical agricultural watershed in eastern China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Increasing evidence indicates that groundwater can contain high dissolved phosphorus (P) concentrations, thereby contributing as a potential pollution...     

Investigation of the impacts of tunnel excavation on karst groundwater and dependent geo-environment using hydrological observation and numerical simulation: a case from karst anticline mountains of southeastern Sichuan Basin,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Tunnel excavation has significant disturbance on groundwater system and related geo-environment, especially in karst regions like southwestern China....     

北方干旱地区水库富营养化模拟

北方干旱区水库具有防洪、灌溉、城市供水多种功能,其富营养化控制具有重要意义。以对汾河水库水质长期监测数据为基础,结合水动力模型、物质输移扩散模型及富营养化生命过程建立富营养化耦合模型,研究不同情景下水库流场特征及营养物质的时空分布规律。研究表明,水库部分区域已发生富营养化,且库区内污染物浓度超标范围较大,提出上游排放口污染物削减方案,为汾河水库乃至整个北方干旱地区水库的富营养化控制提供技术支持。     

Hydrochemical appraisal of groundwater quality and pollution source analysis of oil field area: a case study in Daqing City,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Serious groundwater pollution not only affects the development of enterprises but also threatens the life and health of residents. To explore the...     

Phosphorus loads from different urban storm runoff sources in southern China: a case study in Wenzhou City

Storm runoff from six types of underlying surface area during five rainfall events in two urban study areas of Wenzhou City, China was investigated to measure phosphorus (P) concentrations and discharge rates. The average event mean concentrations (EMCs) of total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and particulate phosphorus (PP) ranged from 0.02 to 2.5 mg?·?L^?1, 0.01 to 0.48 mg?·?L^?1, and 0.02 to 2.43 mg?·?L^?1, respectively. PP was generally the dominant component of TP in storm runoff, while the major form of P varied over time, especially in roof runoff, where TDP made up the largest portion in the latter stages of runoff events. Both TP and PP concentrations were positively correlated with pH, total suspended solids (TSS), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations (p?<?0.01), while TDP was positively correlated with BOD/COD only (p?<?0.01). In addition, the EMCs of TP and PP were negatively correlated with maximum rainfall intensity (p?<?0.05), while the EMCs of TDP positively correlated with the antecedent dry weather period (p?<?0.05). The annual TP emission fluxes from the two study areas were 367.33 and 237.85 kg, respectively. Underlying surface type determined the TP and PP loadings in storm runoff, but regional environmental conditions affected the export of TDP more significantly. Our results indicate that the removal of particles from storm runoff could be an effective measure to attenuate P loadings to receiving water bodies.     

我国不同区域水源水拉森指数比较分析

目前远距离调水已经成为解决区域水资源不足的一项重要措施。但在水源切换时,切换前后水源水的腐蚀性如果存在显著差异,可能会因腐蚀加剧而出现"黄水"或"红水"现象。因此,了解不同区域、不同类型水源的腐蚀性差异,对于科学合理地进行水资源调配具有重要意义。拉森指数(LR)是目前评价水质对铁质管网腐蚀程度的常用方法。本研究以14个城市的26个水源水为研究对象,对模拟常规工艺处理后的滤后水进行了水质分析,并计算出其拉森指数。结果表明,相对于湖库水和地下水,河流水的拉森指数偏高,有44%的河流水拉森指数大于1,具有较强的腐蚀倾向。按区域分华东和中南地区、按流域分黄河和珠江流域的水源水拉森指数平均值大于1,水源切换条件下应关注其腐蚀性情况。     

3种典型地区农村污水排放特征调查分析

目前,我国农村污水的处理率很低,农村污染问题日益受到关注。为了深入了解我国农村污水特征,在北京、浙江和云南等地分别选择水库水源地保护区、河网地区和风景旅游区内的村庄进行农村污水排放特征的调查研究,以期为农村污水治理提供准确的基础数据。调查方法包括资料调研、入户调查和现场采样监测。结果表明,生活污水和畜禽养殖污水与粪便是村落的主要点污染源,不同区域农村用水习惯不同,污水排放规律差异较大;河网地区的村落对河浜污染状况非常严重,成为隐性污染源;旅游风景区内村庄污水特征受季节影响显著。     

Multivariate statistical evaluation of trace elements in groundwater in a coastal area in Shenzhen, China

Multivariate statistical techniques are efficient ways to display complex relationships among many objects. An attempt was made to study the data of trace elements in groundwater using multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), Q-mode factor analysis and cluster analysis. The original matrix consisted of 17 trace elements estimated from 55 groundwater samples colleted in 27 wells located in a coastal area in Shenzhen, China. PCA results show that trace elements of V, Cr, As, Mo, W, and U with greatest positive loadings typically occur as soluble oxyanions in oxidizing waters, while Mn and Co with greatest negative loadings are generally more soluble within oxygen depleted groundwater. Cluster analyses demonstrate that most groundwater samples collected from the same well in the study area during summer and winter still fall into the same group. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of multivariate statistical analysis in hydrochemical studies.     

Cooperative identification for critical periods and critical source areas of nonpoint source pollution in a typical watershed in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Critical periods (CPs) and critical source areas (CSAs) refer to the high-risk periods and areas of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution in a watershed,...     

Assessment of groundwater vulnerability in coastal zone using SI method and GIS: case study of Bouficha aquifer (northeast Tunisia)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nowadays, groundwater is under stress due to contamination, over-exploitation, seawater intrusion, climate change, etc. The groundwater contamination...     

场地地下水中氯代甲烷烃自然衰减机制

自然衰减监控技术在农药污染场地的实践应用较少,作用机制尚不明确.为此,以农药污染场地监控自然衰减实际工程案例为基础,对地下水中氯代甲烷烃的自然衰减能力、作用机制及降解时间进行了分析.Mann-Kendall趋势检验结果表明,作为污染源的MW1-17点位地下水中的四氯化碳和氯仿随时间呈现下降趋势,在4 a内降解率分别在9...     

太湖不同营养类型湖区沉积物磷的形态与吸附行为的比较

选择太湖不同营养类型的湖区开展了沉积物磷形态与磷吸附行为的研究,结果表明,位于藻型湖区梅梁湾的T1点表层沉积物中的总磷(TP)含量高于位于草型湖区T2点的相应值,且沉积物吸附能(K)值与TP含量显著负相关(ppp0)值随深度递增,大型水生植物的存在促使表层沉积物维持磷汇的功能,T1点沉积物距表层10~15cm处EPC0值最低,故相应疏浚深度宜为10~15cm,这一结果为富营养化湖泊的修复提供了理论依据与技术参数。     

旅游活动对岩溶地下水水质动态变化的影响——以重庆金佛山水房泉为例

为了更好地揭示岩溶地下水的影响因素,采用野外现场实测、自动观测、实验室分析相结合的方法,在十一旅游旺季对重庆金佛山水房泉流域各项理化指标进行连续监测。监测结果表明,岩溶地下水对外界条件反应敏感,其岩溶水理化性质容易受外界条件的影响,自然因素和人为因素的改变,可直接快速地改变地下水水质。旅游季节地下水水质发生明显变化,旅游因素对地下水质的变化有较好的响应关系。表现为旅游高峰前期的正常水平;旅游高峰期的骤然恶化,出现污染状况;旅游高峰后期,叠加降雨因素的影响从而使各个水质指标出现好转。     

Impact of land use on shallow groundwater quality characteristics associated with human health risks in a typical agricultural area in Central China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater pollution seriously threatens water resource safety due to high-intensity land use throughout the world. However, the relationship between...     

Characteristics and management modes of domestic waste in rural areas of developing countries: a case study of China

A huge accumulation of domestic waste has caused serious environmental contamination in rural areas of developing countries (RADIC). The characteristics and management of domestic waste are carefully discussed, based on field surveys and a literature review. The results indicate that the generation in most of RADIC is less than the median of 0.521 kg day⁻¹ per capita in China, and much smaller than in rural areas of developed countries (RADEC). Organic waste and inert waste with an accumulative mass percentage of 72.31% are dominant components of domestic waste in the rural areas of China. There are trends of increasing amounts of kitchen waste, paper/cardboard, and plastic/rubber and a decreasing trend of ash waste. The RADIC composition of domestic waste had a high content of organic waste and a low content of recyclable waste compared to the RADEC. Domestic waste has good compressibility and a light bulk density ranging from 40 to 650 kg m⁻³. The moisture, ash, combustible, and calorific values of domestic waste were 53.31%, 18.03%, 28.67%, and 5368 kJ kg⁻¹, respectively. The domestic waste has an abundance of nutrients including organic matter (39.05%), nitrogen (1.02%), phosphorus (0.50%), and potassium (1.42%). In RADIC, domestic waste can be used as an agricultural manure only after it has been collected and sorted for the potential risk of heavy metal accumulation. Based on these characteristics of domestic waste and the different situations of rural areas, four waste management modes including centralized treatment, decentralized treatment, group treatment, and mobile treatment are designed and discussed.