共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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通过分析2019年盘锦市5个控制单元内6个监测断面的逐月水质数据,依据《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002),采用单因子评价法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对各断面水质进行评价,对比2种评价结果,选择内梅罗综合污染指数法的结果作为最终评价结果.评价结果显示,辽河公园断面不存在污染问题,赵圈河断面、兴安断面以及三岔河... 相似文献
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四川升钟水库水质评价及污染负荷分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选取高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)4项监测指标,采用单因干评价法、综合污染指数法、内梅罗污染指数法、模糊综合评价法及水质标识指数法对升钟水库2004~2010年水污染特征进行分析与评价,结果表明:水质标识指数法比较适合升钟水库水体富营养化评价;单因子水质标识指数显示,水库主要污染物为总氮(TN)、总磷(TP),基本呈现富营养状态;2008年水质最差,2010年水质达到Ⅱ类标准;7年Iwq的平均值Ave(Iwq)=3.393,Ave(Iwq)未达到国家Ⅱ类水质标准。近7年综合水质标识指数(Iwq)在不同时点上具有高-低演化规律,总体趋向好转。通过计算2006年N、P污染负荷,TN、TP入库主要源于水产养殖,其贡献率分别为:55%、82%,升钟水库TN、TP是合理容量的1.97~2.32倍。应严格控制水库网箱肥水养殖。研究结果对指导升钟水库水污染防治与水资源管理具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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本文对南充市不同区域农村土壤中重金属污染状况进行了调查和分析,参照《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995),运用单污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对土壤质量进行了评价。结果表明,南充市农村土壤重金属平均内梅罗综合污染指数为1.01,受到了重金属轻污染。主要重金属污染物为Hg、Ni、Cu和Zn。52.8%样点受Cu轻污染,41.7%Zn轻污染,8.3%Hg轻污染,36.1%Ni轻污染,2.8%Ni中度污染。不同区域和不同土地利用方式下土壤中重金属污染状况有一定的差别。 相似文献
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《四川环境》2017,(4)
分析邯郸市某冶炼厂周边小麦重金属污染情况,为当地农作物的科学种植提供参考。以邯郸市某冶炼厂周边的小麦为研究对象,研究了距离冶炼厂不同距离5个采样点小麦体内重金属含量,并采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价小麦中3种重金属的污染状况。结果表明,小麦中Cd和Pb含量均出现了不同程度的超现象,Cu含量没有超标。由单因子指数法可知,距冶炼厂400m内,小麦体内Pb重度污染,Cd轻、中度污染;距冶炼厂400~1 600m之间,小麦未被Cd污染;距冶炼厂800~1 600m之间,小麦体内Pb中度污染。由内梅罗综合污染指数可知,综合污染指数在1.5~4.5之间,距冶炼厂400m内,为重度污染;400~1 600m之间,为轻度污染。小麦体内重金属污染程度与距冶炼厂的距离有明显的相关性,污染指数随着距离增加而降低。冶炼厂周边农田的小麦均受到不同程度的重金属污染,不适合于研究区种植。 相似文献
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Bernard Barraqué 《Natural resources forum》2003,27(3):200-211
The article contributes to a discussion on two global issues on water: water resources management, and water supply and sanitation. Focusing on Europe, it traces the legal roots of current systems in history: as a resource, water is considered as a common property, rather than a market good; while as a public service it is usually a commodity. Public water supply and sanitation technologies and engineering have developed under three main paradigms: quantitative and civil engineering; qualitative and chemical/sanitary engineering (both on the supply side); and the most recent one, environmental engineering and integrated management (on the demand side). The cost of public drinking water is due to rise sharply in view of the two‐fold financial challenge of replacing an ageing infrastructure and keeping up with ever‐rising environmental and sanitary quality standards. Who will pay? Government subsidies, or water users? The author suggests that apparent successes with privatisation may have relied heavily on hidden government subsidies and/or the healthy state of previously installed water infrastructure: past government subsidies are still felt for as long as the lifetime of the infrastructure. The article stresses the importance of public participation and decentralized local management of water and sanitation services. Informing and involving users in water management decisions is seen as an integral part of the ‘ethics’ side of the crucial three E's (economics, environment, ethics). The article strongly argues for municipal provision of water services, and hopes that lessons learnt and solutions found in the European experience may serve water services management efforts in other regions of the world. 相似文献
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本文以Ames试验检测了以沱江为水源的内江市东兴水厂枯水期原水和新、旧两两种工艺处理的出厂水的有机浓集物的致突变性,并对两种工艺去除三卤甲烷前体物的能力进行了比较。研究结果表明:在本试验条件下,其原水未检出致突变性;两种处理工艺的出厂水均能检出较弱的致突变性;新工艺能更有效地去除原水中的三卤甲烷前体物。 相似文献
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Jay Y.S. Hodgson John R. Stoll Richard C. Stoll 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2006,42(2):409-423
The 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act amendments mandated that every state must determine the hydrogeologic origin of each public drinking water system and assess the degree to which each system may be adversely affected by potential sources of contamination. Wisconsin delineated and assessed one specific class of systems, transient noncommunity drinking water wells, with the least stringent standards of all governed system types. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Wisconsin's arbitrarily fixed radius approach used in determining susceptibility to potential contamination from 1,872 transient noncommunity ground water wells. Nearly 28 percent of the wells with contaminated water did not have any recorded potential sources of contamination within the delineation radii. Additionally, regression models derived from potential contaminant inventories within the delineation radii could not accurately predict actual incidences of water contamination. Differences between observed and expected frequencies of contamination further suggest that some transient noncommunity systems should probably be delineated with larger and more sophisticated methods that would account for varying geology and contaminant susceptibility. The majority of contamination cases without recorded potential sources of contamination within the delineation radii were in a karst area. Subsequently, the arbitrarily fixed radius delineation method should not be used in areas with karst aquifers. 相似文献
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This study focuses on investigating the quality of groundwater for irrigation and drinking water purposes. Spatial distribution of physicochemical and microbiological parameters was assessed from samples collected from springs, hand‐dug wells, and boreholes found the Guna Tana landscape. A total of 70 samples were considered for physical, chemical, and bacteriological water quality determination. The results revealed that most of the groundwater quality index (WQI) values lie between good and excellent. The maximum, minimum, mean, and standard deviation of each water quality parameter were prepared for evaluating groundwater quality. According to the WQI values, more than 83% of the water samples were classified as excellent water for drinking. More than 92% of the water samples showed low sodium hazards for irrigation and about 48% and 46% of the water samples were classified as within the excellent and good water classes for irrigation based on their electrical conductance levels. Therefore, the groundwater that is found in the Guna Tana landscape could be used for drinking and irrigation purposes without any advanced treatment. 相似文献
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本文通过大量的基础数据调研,获取了浙江省上虞市水资源现状及饮用水水源地水质现状的第一手资料,对当地的水资源空间分布现状及水资源平衡进行了科学分析,并结合当地的社会经济发展趋势及城市发展中的用水需求增长趋势,提出了科学合理的水源地建设与保护建议。自2009年6月起,对汤浦水库、四明湖水库、隐潭溪、下管溪、总干渠等5个水源地进行了长期连续监测,为进一步保护优质水源地,城乡统筹一体化供水系统的建设提供科学依据。监测结果表明,作为重要备用水源地的总干渠目前呈现有机微污染特征,需要加强水源保护区内的环境管理,尽快设立水源保护区,确定合理的入河污染物的源头削减任务,以确保2010年前达到水功能区的水质目标。 相似文献
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What’s Wrong with the Tap? Examining Perceptions of Tap Water and Bottled Water at Purdue University
The environmental impacts of bottled water prompted us to explore drinking water choices at Purdue University, located in
West Lafayette, IN. A random sample of 2,045 Purdue University students, staff, and faculty was invited to participate in
an online survey. The survey assessed current behaviors as well as perceived barriers and benefits to drinking tap water versus
bottled water. 677 surveys were completed for a response rate of 33.1%. We then conducted qualitative interviews with a purposive
sample of university undergraduates (n = 21) to obtain contextual insights into the survey results and the beliefs of individuals with a variety of drinking water
preferences. This study revealed that women drink disproportionately more bottled water then men while undergraduate students
drink more than graduate students, staff and faculty. The study also uncovered a widespread belief that recycling eliminates
the environmental impacts of bottled water. Important barriers to drinking tap water at Purdue include: perceived risks from
tap water and the perceived safety of bottled water, preferring the taste of bottled water, and the convenience of drinking
bottled water. The qualitative interviews revealed that drinking water choices can be influenced by several factors—especially
whether individuals trust tap water to be clean—but involve varying levels of complexity. The implications of these results
for social marketing strategies to promote tap water are discussed. 相似文献
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饮用水中可溶性氟化物是公众摄入氟的主要途径,其含量水平影响人体健康.分别于2015~2017年的丰水期和枯水期6次随机采集监测了嘉陵江下游52个饮用水样中氟化物含量,并基于地理信息系统平台和健康风险指数法进行了评价.结果表明,该区域饮用水中氟化物浓度平均为0.20~0.25 mg/L.除2015年部分样点外,其余样点的... 相似文献