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本文提出了目前城市总体规划与专项环境规划之间存在的问题--重总体规划、轻环境规划;先总体规划、后环境规划.并从基于生态安全格局的总体规划、切实落实规划环评制度、环境规划技术创新等方面,提出解决了这一问题的方法和途径. 相似文献
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小城镇环境规划工作作为现阶段基层环保工作的重要推手和农村环境保护工作的重要载体,其科学的编制和积极的落实可明显改善区内生态环境质量,提高人民生活质量水平,促进经济可持续发展,对构建和谐社会起到重要的推动作用。针对规划编制过程中突出特色、环境分区、镇村差异及公众参与四个方面,依托案例,分别进行了研究和讨论,提出了相应意见,以期更好地指导该类环境规划的编制。 相似文献
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论公众参与的环境伦理观 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
公众参与(Public Participation)是环境影响评价(EIA)和战略影响评价(SEA)的重要内容,也是环境保护事业发展的基础.影响公众参与的因素有环境法律、环境经济、环境文化和环境伦理四个方面,其中环境伦理在公众参与和环境行为方面发挥巨大的作用.本文从伦理学角度论述了人类环境伦理观的形成,环境伦理对公众参与环境保护的影响以及可持续发展的环境道德原则. 相似文献
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1984年6月11日至14日,中国环境管理、经济与法学学会和太原市人民政府在太原市联合召开了“城市环境规划学术讨论会”。与会代表们就城市环境规划与城市总体规划的关系、城市环境规划的基本内容、制订城市环境规划的原则与方法等进行了讨论,并对城市环境规划工作提出了一系列建议。多数代表认为,城市环境规划是城市总体规划的重要组成部分。两者应以生态理论为指导,有机结合,相互渗透,相互制约,同步制订。为此,本着“经济建设、城乡建 相似文献
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将大数据运用到环境管理领域是我国环境管理战略转型的重要举措.本文基于对大数据概念与特征分析,并结合环境领域的特点,阐述了环境大数据的概念、特征及在环境管理中所能发挥的作用.环境大数据即把大数据的核心理念和关键技术应用到环境领域,对海量环境数据进行采集、整合、存储、分析与应用等,具有数据规模大、种类多、处理速度快、价值密度低等特征.环境大数据的应用,对于政府、企业和公众都有重要意义.进一步对其在环境管理中的应用场景进行设想,发现其在环境规划编制、环境质量管理、污染源生命周期管理、环境应急以及公众参与等多方面都能发挥重要作用,以促使环境管理向数字化、网络化和精细化转变.最后针对环境大数据在数据处理、数据管理、数据应用现状方面存在的问题,提出了可能的解决思路. 相似文献
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为厘清我国环境规划学科发展脉络,明确未来发展方向及重点,本文采用文献计量、机构调研、专家咨询等定量和定性分析方法,从环境规划思想与理论、技术实践、人才培养三个方面剖析了我国环境规划学科的发展特点、存在问题及未来趋势。结果表明,当前我国环境规划学科存在基础理论体系不完善,关键技术研究水平和应用能力有待提升,人才培养体系不完善等问题。基于此,本文提出了该学科未来发展对策:①紧握时代脉搏,拓展环境规划思想与理论研究;②立足问题导向,推动环境规划技术发展;③完善学科专业人才培养体系,促进学科可持续发展。 相似文献
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Web-based GIS for collaborative planning and public participation: an application to the strategic planning of wind farm sites 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Spatial planning typically involves multiple stakeholders. To any specific planning problem, stakeholders often bring different levels of knowledge about the components of the problem and make assumptions, reflecting their individual experiences, that yield conflicting views about desirable planning outcomes. Consequently, stakeholders need to learn about the likely outcomes that result from their stated preferences; this learning can be supported through enhanced access to information, increased public participation in spatial decision-making and support for distributed collaboration amongst planners, stakeholders and the public. This paper presents a conceptual system framework for web-based GIS that supports public participation in collaborative planning. The framework combines an information area, a Multi-Criteria Spatial Decision Support System (MC-SDSS) and an argumentation map to support distributed and asynchronous collaboration in spatial planning. After analysing the novel aspects of this framework, the paper describes its implementation, as a proof of concept, in a system for Web-based Participatory Wind Energy Planning (WePWEP). Details are provided on the specific implementation of each of WePWEP's four tiers, including technical and structural aspects. Throughout the paper, particular emphasis is placed on the need to support user learning throughout the planning process. 相似文献
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In South Africa an intensive reform process to democratize policy, legislation and related institutions in the country commenced after the first democratic elections in 1994. While environmental law reform includes active public participation and equity principles, it is proposed in this paper that ecological modernization dominates current environmental assessment practice. This paper presents a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) of a proposed landfill on the periphery of Durban, where large informal settlements and peri-urban areas exist as a relic of apartheid planning. The methodology of the SIA was explicitly designed within a framework of social justice to include poor and marginalized people, who remain excluded from environmental decision making despite the promise of democratic equality. The study claims to deepen democratic practice by demonstrating that alternative methodologies can be designed to include the interests of ‘invisible stakeholders’ in environmental assessments despite the dominance of ecological modernization in the implementation of environmental law and policy. 相似文献
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Public policies aimed at environmental problems from improper land use typically work through or with the co-operation of local governments. But local governments sometimes fail to appreciate the importance of the environmental issues or programmes announced by higher level governments. In this paper, we use data on mitigation of natural hazards gathered in Florida in the US and New South Wales in Australia to demonstratethat planning mandates can suffer from gaps in local commitment to the environmental goals of higher level governments. Planning mandates must foster higher quality plans and also build supportivelocal political constituencies if they are to overcome this 'commitment conundrum'. We show that the needed improvements in the quality of plans can be fostered through capacity building. Supportive constituencies can be created through programmesthat enhance public awareness of environmental problems and also through provisions of environmental mandates that require local governments to undertake collaborative planning processes with affected stakeholders. 相似文献
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Carol J. Forrest 《环境质量管理》1999,8(3):49-62
Many environmental and facility managers view the submittal and public availability of their facilities' risk management plans (RMPs) as discrete events and give little thought about how RMP information may influence their future relations with plant communities and other stakeholders. In fact, the public availability of RMPs will have some significant and lasting consequences that have the potential to alter RMP sources' relations with a wide variety of stakeholders. This article is the first of two installments that will explore some of the likely outcomes of the risk management program, with a particular emphasis on those consequences tied to the public availability of the RMPs themselves. This installment considers likely responses at the community level and from both national and local environmental advocacy groups. The second installment will look at likely responses to RMP information in land use planning, by the financial services sector, by regulatory agencies, and by the senior management of RMP sources' owners and operators. Although the responses of individual communities to RMPs will be governed by a number of variables, including the nature of existing relations with individual RMP sources, proximity (or perceived proximity) of residences or other public and environmental receptors to RMP sources, and stakeholders' attitudes toward chemicals and chemical use, there are certain potential responses that managers should look for in their communities. These RMP-driven responses and expectations are discussed in the first installment of this article.© 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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伴随着生态文明建设被确立为国家战略,环境规划成为一项保障城市与区域可持续发展的重要公共政策工具。为从主观判断转向客观计量分析评价我国环境规划研究领域的知识生产特征和趋势取向,以更好地促进高质量发展,本研究引入CiteSpace软件对中国知网数据库中与环境规划相关的1170篇论文文献进行分析,全面梳理了我国1992-2017年环境规划文献脉络演进轨迹,归纳其中演进特征与趋势取向。研究发现:①从环境规划的概念提出开始,我国在该领域的研究一直处于不断完善与扩展的状态,高被引论文关注方向较为广泛,反映出研究热点议题的多元;②研究学者合作网络初步浮现,但研究的学科多元交叉性仍有待提高,"高产"机构研究持续性较好,合作较为多元,但地域分布的不均衡性对我国多样环境问题解决所需的近域知识有效供给带来制约;③环境规划领域的研究以与生态环境或环境规划相关的具体问题为对象,多结合当期的经济社会与国家政策环境来进行开展,呈现出持续性与时效性相结合的特点,并逐渐由方法技术视角转向政策工具视角,即由仅解决环境问题为取向的研究转向将环境规划作为解决公共政策问题的研究;近期研究热点指向多规合一与空间规划,以及绿色发展理念的探讨,更加强调其与城市与区域规划之间的密切联系。 相似文献
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在国家主体功能区规划和区域经济发展战略的共同推动下,大量污染密集型企业从东部沿海向中西部地区迁移。中西部地区如何实现经济发展和生态环境保护的双赢,迁移企业的环境行为改善成为问题的关键。本文以江西省G市H电源公司为案例,研究迁移企业环境行为改善的阶段特征,分析各利益相关者的相互作用以及企业响应,探讨促进企业环境行为改善的驱动机制。研究发现,迁移企业的环境行为优化和环境绩效提高不是自发的,是各利益相关者多次博弈的过程。在这个过程中,严格的环境规制和民众环保意识的提高是重要的推动因素;地方政府具有执行环境规制和追求经济增长的双重角色,使迁移企业环境行为的改善进程更加复杂,污染密集型企业的可持续发展需要新的思路。在案例研究的基础上,本文试图探索中西部地区实现经济发展与生态环境保护双赢的路径,为实现中国经济的绿色转型和升级提供有益的借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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Management of all-terrain vehicle (ATV) use on Minnesota state forest lands has a contentious history and land managers are
caught between ATV riders, non-motorized recreationists, private landowners, and environmental advocates. In this paper, we
demonstrate the usefulness of framing distinct perspectives about ATV management on Minnesota state public forests, understand
the structure of these management perspectives, identify areas of consensus and disagreement, specify which stakeholders hold
the various perspectives, clarify stakeholder perceptions of other stakeholders, and explore the implications for ATV planning
and management. Using Q methodology, three distinct perspectives about how we should or should not manage ATVs resulted from
our analysis, labeled Expert Management, Multiple Use, and Enforcement and Balance. A surprising degree of unanimity among
the three management perspectives was found. Although some of the areas of agreement would be difficult to implement, others
would be relatively simple to put into place. We suggest that land managers focus on widely accepted management actions to
ameliorate commonly recognized problems, which may ease tensions between stakeholders and make tackling the tougher issues
easier. 相似文献
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Laurie Skuba Jackson 《Local Environment》2001,6(2):135-147
Many planning agencies and stakeholder groups experimented with innovative forms of public involvement in the 1990s. British Columbia is one such jurisdiction which embraced the concept of public involvement in a broad range of land and resource management planning scales - to the degree of collaborative planning with communities, using consensus. The purpose of this paper is to present lessons for planners, supported by literature and by research in British Columbia, Canada from 1995-97, on these public involvement processes. Building on earlier 'typologies' for public involvement in planning, it proposes a strategic approach for identifying and analysing stakeholders, for setting objectives and for subsequently choosing the most appropriate level of public involvement. 相似文献
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Qualifying irrigation system sustainability by means of stakeholder perceptions and concerns: lessons from the Segarra‐Garrigues Canal,Spain 下载免费PDF全文
When planning interventions, water and land resource managers increasingly need to take the opinions of stakeholders into account. In the present study, stakeholders’ concerns in a multifunctional water system are assessed, with a focus on the debate about the sustainability of irrigation projects in stressed and competing water contexts. The selected case study pertains to the Segarra‐Garrigues irrigation canal (Spain), the promotion of which has generated social debate and mobilization, as well as pronouncements from European authorities for ensuring its environmental sustainability. Data was collected through semi‐structured interviews and analysed by means of a new codification system for identifying the affinities and conflicts arising from existing water demands. Results show that sustainability concepts are more present in civil society than in public administration and private services or the rural community. However, social sustainability and environmental sustainability are a priority for most stakeholders, while the economic perspective of sustainable development has been conditioned by the first two. These results can be used by relevant authorities as a first step in customizing their interventions, as they provide a clear initial idea of what stakeholder priorities are in the framework of sustainable development. 相似文献
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Melissa L. Mika Randel L. Dymond Marcus F. Aguilar Clayton C. Hodges 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2019,55(5):1216-1234
The development of Watershed Management Plans (WMPs) in urban areas aids municipalities in allocating resources, engaging the public and stakeholders, addressing water quality regulations, and mitigating issues related to stormwater runoff and flooding. In this study, 124 urban WMPs across the United States were reviewed to characterize historic approaches and identify emerging trends in watershed planning. Planning methods and tools were qualitatively evaluated, followed by statistical analyses of a subset of 63 WMPs to identify relationships between planning factors. Plans developed by a municipality or consultant were associated with more occurrences of hydrologic modeling and site‐specific recommendations, and fewer occurrences of characterizing social watershed factors, than plans authored by agencies, organizations, or universities. WMPs in the past decade exhibited greater frequency in the use of pollutant load models and spatially explicit hydrologic and hydraulic models. Project prioritization was found to increasingly focus on feasibility to implement proposed strategies. More recent plans additionally exhibited greater consideration for water quality, ecological health, and public participation. Innovation in planning methods and consideration of future watershed conditions are primary areas that were found to be deficient in the study WMPs, although analysis methods and tools continue to improve in the wake of advancing technology and data availability. 相似文献