Variation of 222Rn Activity Concentration in Soil Gas at a Site in Sapporo, Japan

Several factors controlling the soil radon level in the present site were found to be changing air-filled porosity caused by fluctuations in moisture content, differences between the atmospheric and soil temperatures as well as volumetric ²²⁶Ra content of the soil. The radon activity increased significantly in early October, especially at point 1, possibly as a result of a magnitude 8.0 earthquake which occurred on September 26, 2003, with epicenter located offshore near Tokachi, Hokkaido.     

Alterations in serum electrolyte levels after dimethoate exposure and recovery in the freshwater air-breathing catfish,Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Dimethoate, a moderately toxic insecticide, has a wide range of agricultural and domestic applications. Like other organophosphates, dimethoate has anticholinesterase activity. Fish are non-target organisms, inadvertently exposed to pesticides and their metabolic products. The present study includes short-term (96 h) and long-term (36 d) effects of dimethoate exposure on some serum electrolytes Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Pi in the freshwater air-breathing catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. The concentration of dimethoate for short-term exposure was 2.24 mg L^?1 (75% of 96 h LC₅₀) and for long-term exposure 0.75 mg L^?1 (25% of 96 h LC₅₀). The study includes the recovery pattern in serum electrolytes after placing the fish in pesticide-free water. Fish show hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia, and hyperphosphatemia after short-term and long-term exposure to dimethoate. When placed in pesticide-free water, these electrolytes exhibit recovery towards normalization, indicating significant (p < 0.05) recovery.     

Effects of environmental hypercapnia on hemato-immunological parameters,carbonic anhydrase,and Na+, K+-ATPase enzyme activities in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues

In this study, the effects of environmental hypercapnia on hemato-immunological parameters and the activities of respiratory enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase (CA) and Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase were investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues (gill, liver and kidney). Batches of 12 fish were exposed to 4.5 mg L^?1 (control) and 14 mg L^?1 CO₂. No mortalities occurred during the 14 days of the experimental period. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) levels, and innate immune parameters such as nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), lysozyme, and myeloperoxidase activities, and the melano-macrophage frequency were negatively affected by elevated CO₂ levels. Patterns of change in CA activity differed among the gill, liver, and kidney. Compared with the activities of CA in the control group, the CA enzyme was significantly stimulated at day 7 in the gill tissue, whereas it was stimulated at day 14 of the experiment in the liver tissue of fish exposed to 14 mg L^?1 CO₂ (P < 0.05). In contrast to the pattern of CA enzyme activities, the Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase enzymes were stimulated significantly in the liver after day 7 but inhibited in the kidney and gill (P < 0.05). These results suggest that a subchronic exposure to hypercapnia of rainbow trout tissues may lead to adaptive changes in the respiratory enzymes and negatively affects hemato-immunological parameters.     

Lead-210 and Beryllium-7 in the Aerosol Particles Around Taiwan Off-Shore Areas

Abstract

Distributions of ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be in the aerosol particles of different size fractions were measured around Taiwan offshore areas from October, 1994 to October, 1995. the size distribution and abundance of the aerosol particles showed both spatial and temporal variations. the particle concentrations off northwestern Taiwan were more than twice as those off northeastern Taiwan both in November and March, and the values were much higher in November than in March for both areas. the measured particle concentrations, except for one sample with an unusually high value, ranged from 10 to 83 μOgm ^?3 in the study areas. the ²¹⁰Pb concentrations in the aerosol particles filtered from the air mass varied between 20 × 10^?3 and 72 × 10^?3 dpm m^?3 (1dpm = 0.45 pCi). the ²¹⁰Pb concentrations in the area off southwestern Taiwan appeared somewhat higher than in other areas and were probably contributed by the land air from Taiwan which contains higher ²¹⁰Pb in winter. the ²¹⁰Pb concentrations off northern Taiwan were low in November when the aerosol concentrations were high, but they were high in March when the aerosol concentrations were low.

Based on the ⁷Be monitoring records of 20 years on the aerosol particles of the island by the Taiwan Radiation Monitoring Center, the mean settling rate averaged 0.91, 0.79 and 0.68 cm s^?1, respectively, in northern, central and southern Taiwan. with these values and the ²¹⁰Pb concentrations in the aerosols, the ²¹⁰Pb flux was determined to be between 0.58 and 2.30 dpm cm^?2y^?1, with an average of 1.19 dpm cm^?2y^?1. Excluding the highest value due to its extremely high ²¹⁰Pb and aerosol concentrations, the average is reduced to 1.05 dpm cm^?2y^?1. the activity median diameters (AMD) for ²¹⁰Pb in the study areas were between 0.69 and < 0.49 μM with a mean of 0.5 öm based on ²¹⁰Pb distributions in different particle size fractions. Thus, ²¹⁰Pb was preferentially adsorbed on to the submicron particles. ⁷Be in the study areas showed a good correlation with ²¹⁰Pb in total activity although the two nucides had different sources.     

Stable C and N isotope analysis elucidated the importance of zooplankton in a tropical seagrass bed of Santiago Island,Northwestern Philippines

The role of zooplankton in a tropical seagrass ecosystem was investigated in milkfish farms pollution-impacted and -unimpacted seagrass beds in Santiago Island coral reefs, Northwestern Philippines. The aim was to compare between the two sites: (1) abiotic factors and zooplankton community parameters, and (2) the trophic structure using C and N stable isotopes. Low water (98–119?mV) and sediment (–121 to ?138?mV) Oxidation Reduction Potential values indicated a reducing environment in the impacted site. Zooplankton in the impacted site showed the typical community response to eutrophication (low diversity, but high total abundance due to the dominance of the cyclopoid copepod Oithona oculata), generally few elevated δ¹⁵N values, but a significant shift towards depleted ¹³C due to the organic enrichment of fish-farm feeds. Apart from suggesting a highly complex food web with POM and zooplankton as main food sources in the unimpacted site, the Bayesian mixing model simulation generated reduced complexity in feeding interactions between basal sources, zooplankton, and fish including adults of a key fish species, Siganus fuscescens, in the impacted sites. In this study, C and N stable isotope analysis has clarified the importance of zooplankton as fish prey in a seagrass bed food web.     

Interaction of alcohol and kola nut on brain sodium pump activity in Wistar rats

The effect of interaction of alcohol and kola nut on sodium pump activity was studied in Wistar rats. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into six groups of five rats per group. Control received a placebo (4 mL of distilled water). Groups 2–6 were treated for a period of 21 days with 10% (v/v) alcohol, 50 mg caffeine/kg, 50 mg kola nut/kg, or a combination of 10% (v/v) alcohol + 50 mg kola nut/kg, or 10% (v/v) alcohol + 50 mg caffeine/kg, respectively. One day after the final exposure, brains were harvested and several biochemical parameters examined including activities of total ATPase, ouabain-insensitive ATPase, ouabain sensitive ATPase (Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase) and levels of nonenzymatic breakdown of ATP and inorganic phosphate (P_i) released. Results showed that the essential enzyme of the brain responsible for neuronal function, Na⁺–K⁺-ATPase, was inhibited by alcohol–kola nut co-administration relative to control, resulting in a decreased ATP production, ion transport and action potential, leading to loss of neuronal activities.     

Biomarkers as tools to assess the chronic toxicity of ammonia in the juvenile Mugil cephalus

With juvenile fish as the subject, the effects of low concentration ammonia on antioxidant system were studied using Mugil cephalus. Samples of gill and liver tissue were obtained from 0.35, 0.70, 1.5 and 3?mg/L ammonia groups at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days of exposure, at which times the biomarkers were measured. Results showed that gill malondialdehyde (MDA) content exhibited an initial significant increase (p?≤?0.05) at unionised ammonia concentrations of 0.70, 1.5 and 3.0?mg/L on day 5, followed by subsequent declines, while liver MDA levels exhibited significant increases (p?≤?0.05) at unionised ammonia concentrations of 1.5?mg/L starting on day 10 and at 3.0?mg/L starting on day 5. With exposure to ammonia at different concentrations, Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity in liver and gill decreased over time. The Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity was negatively related to ammonia concentration from 0.70 to 3.0?mg/L. Overall, our results show that MDA and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase, evaluated here as potential biomarkers of ammonia exposure, exhibited responses to sublethal concentrations of ammonia that were concentration dependent.     

Movement and transformation of35S-labelled sulphate in the soil of a heavily polluted site in the Northern Czech Republic

Changes in chemistry and vertical distribution of³⁵S were investigated in column experiments using intact topsoil and repacked mineral soil horizons 1 to 20 weeks after tracer application (901 kBq³⁵S-SO₄ ^2– per column 6.5 cm in diameter). Horizons O, A, AE and Bvs of an Orthic Podzol were incubated at 20°C and wetted twice a week with 11 mm of natural throughfall precipitation (38.5 mg S0₄ ^2– L^–1-, pH 3.3). The top 35 cm of the soil contained 1,290 kg S ha^–1, or 18 times more than is the annual atmospheric S input (71.4 kg S ha^–1 yr^–1). Of this amount, 17.8 % was stored as inorganic sulphate S, 4.6 % as reduced inorganic S, and 77.6 % as organic S. In O + A and AE, free sulphate was the most abundant³⁵S form, while in Bvs the 35S activity of free and adsorbed sulphate was similar. The proportion of adsorbed sulphate increased with depth, averaging 23, 30 and 47 % of total inorganic sulphate³⁵S in O + A, AE and Bvs, respectively. Total specific activity of chemically transformed³⁵S (i.e., of reduced inorganic S and organic S) constituted 3.4, 3.8 and 105 % of inorganic sulphate³⁵S activity in O + A, AE and Bvs, respectively, in averaged weeks 2–4, and 7.5, 6.4 and 39.6 % in averaged weeks 11–13 in O+A, AE and Bvs, respectively. The turnover time of C-bonded³⁵S was shorter than that of ester sulphate³⁵S. An increase in FeS_2– ³⁵S with time indicated anaerobic conditions suitable for bacterial sulphate reduction. After 13 weeks, 68 % of the tracer was found deeper than 8 cm below soil surface.     

重金属和聚苯乙烯微球对卤虫的复合毒性效应研究

微塑料是一类重要的海洋污染物,由于其性质稳定、难以降解,对海洋生态系统具有潜在的危害。微塑料粒径小,比表面积大,容易吸附海洋中的重金属等污染物产生二次危害,因此研究微塑料与重金属的复合毒性效应对于正确评价微塑料的生态风险具有重要意义。本文以卤虫(Artemia parthenogenetica)作为研究对象,考察了10μm聚苯乙烯微球与2种重金属(Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+))对卤虫无节幼体的单一及复合急性毒性。同时使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定了卤虫体内Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)浓度随时间的变化情况,比较分析了聚苯乙烯微球对重金属在卤虫体内富集的影响。研究发现,Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)单一暴露时对卤虫无节幼体的24 h半数致死浓度(24 h-LC_(50))分别为(1.26±0.15) mg·L~(-1)和(164.5±27.3) mg·L~(-1),与聚苯乙烯微球共同作用时24h-LC_(50)分别为(1.38±0.23) mg·L~(-1)和(178.3±36.4) mg·L~(-1),聚苯乙烯微球的存在显著促进了卤虫对Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)的摄入和排出,但并未影响二者急性毒性。研究结果可为海洋环境中微塑料和重金属的生态风险评价提供理论依据。     

In vitro and in vivo inhibition of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity by cadmium in post larvae of Penaeus monodon

Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase is a membrane-bound enzyme and is responsible for regulating cytosolic free calcium. In vitro and in vivo effects of cadmium were studied on Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase activity in plasma membrane/mitochondrial fraction of Penaeus monodon post larvae. In vitro studies revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in enzyme activity with an IC₅₀ value of 11.02?µM. In vivo experiments were conducted by exposing the post larvae to 1/10th (0.12?ppm) and 1/5th (0.24?ppm) of LC₅₀ values of cadmium for 30 days. Both ATPase activity and metal accumulation were estimated in post larvae exposed to 0.12 and 0.24?ppm of cadmium at different intervals of 24?h, 48?h, 96?h, 10 days and 30 days. ATPase activity showed a gradual decrease in post larvae on exposure to both the sub-lethal concentrations with respect to their controls and the decrease was significant (p?相似文献   

137 Cs在我国滨海核电周边海洋生物的富集及生态风险研究

铯-137(~(137)Cs)是滨海核电站液态流出物中主要人工放射性核素和重要监控指标之一,易被水生生物累积,有关核电周边海域内海洋生物的核素富集状况备受关注。通过分析海洋生物富集放射性~(137)Cs的方式、生物富集系数的种群特征、人工放射性核素在生物体内的辐射剂量率状况,结果显示:1)滨海核电周边海域内~(137)Cs的放射性水平较低; 2)海洋生物对于~(137)Cs的富集未呈现显著的种群规律; 3)目前对放射性铯的富集能力较高的生物主要是底栖生物; 4)核电厂周边海域内海洋生物通常未达到可导致电离辐射损伤的辐射剂量率水平。随着滨海核电在我国的大力发展,对能够快速反映环境放射性状况的指示生物的筛选、生物放射性质量安全及其生态健康风险需进一步关注。     

不同硬度条件下Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫的急性毒性

为研究水体硬度对稀有鮈鲫Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)毒性效应的影响,开展了96 h急性毒性试验。试验结果发现,当水体硬度(以CaCO_3计,下同)为50 mg·L~(-1)、250 mg·L~(-1)、450 mg·L~(-1)时,Cd~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫的96 h半数致死浓度(96 h-LC50)分别为4.30 mg·L-1、12.06 mg·L~(-1)、19.99 mg·L~(-1),对应的安全浓度(SC)依次为0.430 mg·L~(-1)、1.206 mg·L~(-1)、1.999 mg·L~(-1);Cu~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫的96h-LC50分别为0.046 mg·L-1、0.148 mg·L~(-1)、0.228 mg·L~(-1),对应的SC依次为0.0046 mg·L~(-1)、0.0148 mg·L~(-1)、0.0228 mg·L~(-1)。计算得到Cd~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫急性毒性与水体硬度的拟合方程为ln 96 h-LC50=0.687 ln H~(-1).243(r=0.998);Cu~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫急性毒性与水体硬度的拟合方程为ln 96 h-LC50=0.727 ln H-5.923(r=0.999),Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫的硬度斜率分别为0.687和0.727。这些结果表明,水体硬度可有效降低Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对稀有鮈鲫的急性毒性,且稀有鮈鲫的硬度斜率与其他物种差异较大。在评估不同硬度水体下Cd~(2+)和Cu~(2+)的生物毒性及其生态风险时,应根据测试物种特异的硬度斜率而定。     

ZnO纳米粒子通过线粒体通路抑制小鼠光感受器细胞Na~+/K~+-ATP酶表达和活性的作用研究

氧化锌(ZnO)纳米粒子已被发现具有生物毒性,氧化应激被认为是最重要的因素之一。前期实验证实,ZnO纳米粒子能显著减少锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn SOD)蛋白的表达,降低Mn SOD活性。本文通过检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放、线粒体活性氧(ROS)水平和膜电位(Δφm)、延迟整流钾电流变化和Na~+/K~+-ATP酶的表达及活性等变化,检测ZnO纳米粒子对小鼠光感受器细胞的细胞毒作用。结果表明,ZnO纳米粒子可显著增强小鼠光感受器细胞中LDH的释放、增加线粒体内ROS水平并下调Δφm、阻断延迟整流钾电流,同时降低Na~+/K~+-ATP酶的表达及活性,从而对小鼠视网膜光感受器细胞产生细胞毒作用,提示ZnO纳米粒子可通过线粒体通路引起氧化应激,从而抑制小鼠光感受器细胞Na~+/K~+-ATP酶表达和活性,产生细胞毒性,导致细胞死亡。本文的研究结果有助于理解ZnO纳米粒子引起细胞毒性的作用机理。     

Sorption and mobility of polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) in tropical soils

Millions of tons of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are manufactured worldwide and most of them will reach conventional sewage disposal systems after industrial utilization. This raises environmental concerns, but not much is known about the environmental fate of these polymers. The main goals of this research were to evaluate sorption and mobility of PEG in sandier soils of Brazil. PEG 4000 was applied to the soils either freely in solution or as a simulated bioassay residue. The bioassay was prepared to simulate PEG as it is present in the animal feces. It allowed us to compare PEG mobility for both forms of environment disposal. PEG showed very low sorption (<22% of the applied PEG) and high mobility potential (>43% of the applied amount in the free-PEG and >24% of the applied amount in the bioassay-PEG experiment) in the studied soils. When PEG was applied, simulating its supply to animal diets, about 30% of its applied amount was retained into the bioassay residues and its leaching potential was reduced, whereas the remaining amount (about 70%) was readily available in solution and could be directly released into the environment.     

Decomposition of silicate minerals by Bacillus mucilaginosus in liquid culture

The extraction of K⁺ and SiO₂ from silicate minerals by Bacillus mucilaginosus in liquid culture was studied in incubation experiments. B. mucilaginosus was found to dissolve soil minerals and mica and simultaneously release K⁺ and SiO₂ from the crystal lattices. In contrast, the bacterium did not dissolve feldspar. B. mucilaginosus also produced organic acids and polysaccharides during growth. The polysaccharides strongly adsorbed the organic acids and attached to the surface of the mineral, resulting in an area of high concentration of organic acids near the mineral. The polysaccharides also adsorbed SiO₂ and this affected the equilibrium between the mineral and fluid phases and led to the reaction toward SiO₂ and K⁺ solubilization. These two processes led to the decomposition of silicate minerals by the bacterium.     

Reduction of hexavalent chromium using fungi and bacteria isolated from contaminated soil and water samples

The reductive adsorption of hexavalent chromium (Cr⁶⁺) using six indigenous microorganisms isolated from contaminated soil and water samples was investigated. Quantification of Cr⁶⁺ reduction was determined using the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide method followed measuring the absorbance at OD₅₄₀. Bacterial isolates identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus firmus and Mycobacterium sp. were capable of absorbing Cr⁶⁺ efficiently into their biomass, whereas the fungal isolates, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus sp. and A. niger were capable of transforming Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺ relative to cell-wall-binding properties. Infrared spectral analysis of functional groups showed that ?OH, ?NH₂ and C?O with conjugated ?NH were the binding groups responsible for adsorption of Cr⁶⁺ within the biomass of isolates. The data highlight the promising biotechnological application of these isolates in removing carcinogenic and mutagenic Cr⁶⁺ from contaminated ecosystems.     

活性氧介导砷诱导的蚕豆保卫细胞死亡

采用蚕豆(Vicia fabaL.)表皮条生物法,研究砷的细胞毒性作用机制。结果发现,一定浓度的NaAsO2可使气孔保卫细胞活性降低,部分细胞死亡,细胞死亡率呈浓度依赖性增高;砷处理组保卫细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平升高。抗氧化剂抗坏血酸和过氧化氢酶及Ca2+特异性螯合剂EGTA、Ca2+通道抑制剂LaC13与NaAsO2共同作用时,砷诱发的细胞死亡被显著抑制;MAPK激酶抑制剂PD98059亦能有效阻止NaAsO2诱发的细胞死亡。研究结果表明,砷胁迫引起的胞内ROS合成增加可能通过Ca2+信号途径介导了保卫细胞的死亡过程,MAPK途径参与了砷诱导的细胞死亡。     

Field Studies on 32P Movement and P Leaching from Flooded Paddy Soils in the Region of Taihu Lake, China

Field experiments were done in two sites, Yixing and Changshu, Jiangsu province, China, to study P movement and leaching in flooded paddy soils. P movement in soil was investigated by using the KH₂ ³²PO₄ tracker method, and the amount of P leached from the soil layer in different depths was estimated by measuring P concentrations in the soil solution and saturated hydraulic conductivities in field. Determination was done about one month after P application. There was 46% and 42% of total ³²P retained in the 0–5cm layer of soil in the Yixing site and in the Changshu site respectively. The ³²P retained in the 25–30 cm layer was only about 1–2% of the total ³²P added. Furthermore, 8.01% of ³²P in the soil of Yixing site and 16.8% of ³²P in the soil of Changshu site was lost from the layer 0–30cm soil. The seasonal amounts of P leached from the top soil layer and from bottom layer are about 4.5–5.8% and 1.6–2.1% of the total P application, respectively. Changes of total P concentrations in soil solutions during rice growth showed that the fertilizer P applied before flooding of the paddy fields suffered a flash leaching loss and a slow leaching loss. We concluded that the fertilizer P could quickly move in the flooded paddy rice field and parts of it can enter into surface water and ground water. Unless the P application is well managed the risk of P loss and consequently environmental pollution exist.     

铯对印度芥菜和菊苣植物螯合肽和金属硫蛋白含量的影响

以133Cs作为污染源,溶液培养印度芥菜和菊苣幼苗,研究植物螯合肽(phytochelatins,PCs)、金属硫蛋白(metallothionein,MT)等含巯基肽类物质与Cs+胁迫毒理的内在联系。采用改良水培法培养印度芥菜和菊苣长至两片真叶,置于含铯[ρ(Cs~+)0~200 mg·L~(-1)]的营养液中培养一段时间后取样,测定幼苗地上部和根系生物量,采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定Cs~+富集量,5,5’-二六硝基苯甲酸(DTNB)比色法测定PCs和MT含量。结果显示:随着Cs~+浓度[ρ(Cs+)25~200 mg·L~(-1)]增加,印度芥菜和菊苣地上部和根系生物量显著降低(P0.05),印度芥菜的生物量降低幅度小于菊苣;Cs~+的富集量均显著增加,印度芥菜对Cs~+富集量大于菊苣,印度芥菜地上部、菊苣根系分别是Cs~+的主要蓄积部位;非蛋白巯基肽类(non-protein thiol,NPT)、植物螯合肽(PCs)、谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和金属硫蛋白(MT)含量变化均呈现先升后降的趋势,均表现为根系地上部,印度芥菜菊苣。当ρ(Cs~+)100 mg·L~(-1)时NPT、PCs、GSH和MT达最大值。结果表明,菊苣对Cs~+处理敏感,印度芥菜具有较强的吸收和转运Cs~+的能力,Cs~+处理诱导合成PCs、GSH和MT含量显著增加,这是印度芥菜对Cs~+耐性较强的主要原因。     

Evaluating weather effects on interannual variation in net ecosystem productivity of a coastal temperate forest landscape: A model intercomparison

Forest productivity is strongly affected by seasonal weather patterns and by natural or anthropogenic disturbances. However weather effects on forest productivity are not currently represented in inventory-based models such as CBM-CFS3 used in national forest C accounting programs. To evaluate different approaches to modelling these effects, a model intercomparison was conducted among CBM-CFS3 and four process models (ecosys, CN-CLASS, Can-IBIS and 3PG) over a 2500 ha landscape in the Oyster River (OR) area of British Columbia, Canada. The process models used local weather data to simulate net primary productivity (NPP), net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and net biome productivity (NBP) from 1920 to 2005. Other inputs used by the process and inventory models were generated from soil, land cover and disturbance records. During a period of intense disturbance from 1928 to 1943, simulated NBP diverged considerably among the models. This divergence was attributed to differences among models in the sizes of detrital and humus C stocks in different soil layers to which a uniform set of soil C transformation coefficients was applied during disturbances. After the disturbance period, divergence in modelled NBP among models was much smaller, and attributed mainly to differences in simulated NPP caused by different approaches to modelling weather effects on productivity. In spite of these differences, age-detrended variation in annual NPP and NEP of closed canopy forest stands was negatively correlated with mean daily maximum air temperature during July-September (T_amax) in all process models (R² = 0.4-0.6), indicating that these correlations were robust. The negative correlation between T_amax and NEP was attributed to different processes in different models, which were tested by comparing CO₂ fluxes from these models with those measured by eddy covariance (EC) under contrasting air temperatures (T_a). The general agreement in sensitivity of annual NPP to T_amax among the process models led to the development of a generalized algorithm for weather effects on NPP of coastal temperate coniferous forests for use in inventory-based models such as CBM-CFS3: NPP′ = NPP − 57.1 (T_amax − 18.6), where NPP and NPP′ are the current and temperature-adjusted annual NPP estimates from the inventory-based model, 18.6 is the long-term mean daily maximum air temperature during July-September, and T_amax is the mean value for the current year. Our analysis indicated that the sensitivity of NPP to T_amax was nonlinear, so that this algorithm should not be extrapolated beyond the conditions of this study. However the process-based methodology to estimate weather effects on NPP and NEP developed in this study is widely applicable to other forest types and may be adopted for other inventory based forest carbon cycle models.