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Yongjie Yang Rui Zhou Yue Yu Yan Yan Yan Liu Yi''an Di Dan Wu Weiqi Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(5):146-156
The characteristics of water-soluble ions in size-resolved particulate matter were investigated usingion chromatography at Shangdianzi,a regional background station of Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei.Seasonal total concentrations of ions(Na~+,Mg~(2+),K~+,Ca~(2+),NH_4~+,Cl~-,SO_4~(2-) and NO_3~-) were75.5±52.9 μg/m~3 in spring,26.5±12.3μg/m~3 in summer,22.7±20.4μg/m~3 in autumn,and31.1±23.9 μg/m~3 in winter,respectively.The secondary ions(NO_3~-,SO_4~(2-) and NH_4~+),mainly associated with fine particles,accounted for 84.2%in spring,82.1%in summer,81.5%in autumn and 76.3%in winter of all ions.Strong correlations were found between NH_4~+ and SO_4~(2-)(r=0.95,p0.01) as well as NH_4~+ and NO_3~-(r=0.90,p0.01) in fine particles;while in coarse particles,correlations between Mg~(2+) and NO_3~-(r=0.80,p0.01),and Ca~(2+) and NO_3~-(r=0.85,p0.01) were found.The concentrations of Na~+,K~+,Mg~(2+),Ca~(2+),NH_4~+,Cl~-,NO_3~-,and SO_4~(2-) were 2.02,0.81,0.36,1.65,9.58,4.01,18.9,and 18.4 μg/m~3 in particulate matter from southeast-derived air masses,which were typically 1.58-3.37 times higher than in northwest trajectories.Thus,concentrations of water-soluble ions at this background station were heavily influenced by regional transport of serious pollution derived from biomass burning,coal combustion,industrial and vehicle exhaust emissions from Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei. 相似文献
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Two different aerosol mass spectrometers, Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer(AMS) and Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer(SPAMS) were deployed to identify the aerosol pollutants over Xiamen, representing the coastal urban area. Five obvious processes were classified during the whole observation period. Organics and sulfate were the dominant components in ambient aerosols over Xiamen. Most of the particles were in the size range of 0.2–1.0 μm, accounting for over 97% of the total particles measured by both instruments.Organics, as well as sulfate, measured by AMS were in good correlation with measured by SPAMS. However, high concentration of NH4+was obtained by AMS, while extremely low value of NH4+was detected by SPAMS. Contrarily, high particle number counts of NO3-and Clwere given by SPAMS while low concentrations of NO3-and Cl-were measured by AMS. The variations of POA and SOA obtained from SPAMS during event 1 and event 2 were in accordance with the analysis of HOA and OOA given by AMS, suggesting that both of AMS and SPAMS can well identify the organic clusters of aerosol particles. Overestimate or underestimate of the aerosol sources and acidity would be present in some circumstances when the measurement results were used to analyze the aerosol properties, because of the detection loss of some species for both instruments. 相似文献
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采用因子分析的方法解析重庆市城区交通干道上交通扬尘的尘源,结果表明该地区交通扬尘的主要来源是土壤、燃煤,汽车和治金源排放,其中土壤贡献了交通扬尘总量的大约一半,而另一半则来自其它人为活动。 相似文献
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利用对北仑区域内的气溶胶散射系数、气溶胶浓度、黑炭浓度以及NO2浓度的监测和分析,对区域影响能见度的的因素进行了研究,研究结果表明,影响能见度的消光系数主要由气溶胶的散射、气溶胶的吸收,干洁大气的散射和气态污染物的吸收四项组成,且组成比例总体稳定,但是,不同空气质量级别和灰霾天与非灰霾天之间的消光系数值及组成差异较大;通过对气溶胶与光散射系数的拟合得到,两者存在较好的正相关性。 相似文献
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利用美国PC—2型气溶胶粒度分析仪,对淮南市的气溶胶现状进行厂流动监测,并研究其分布特征。结果表明,淮南市的气溶胶从西北向东南有明显的扩散趋势,最大浓度出现在早晨7～8时。大于1.0μm粒径的颗粒对气溶胶污染贡献较大。 相似文献
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Xiaoli Shan Jun Xu Yixue Li Feng Han Xiaohui Du Jingying Mao Yunbo Chen Youjiang He Fan Meng Xuezhi Dai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(2):129-137
By aggregating MODIS(moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) AOD(aerosol optical depth) and OMI(ozone monitoring instrument) UVAI(ultra violet aerosol index)datasets over 2010–2014, it was found that peak aerosol loading in seasonal variation occurred annually in spring over the Gulf of Tonkin(17–23°N, 105–110°E). The vertical structure of the aerosol extinction coefficient retrieved from the spaceborne lidar CALIOP(cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization) showed that the springtime peak AOD could be attributed to an abrupt increase in aerosol loading between altitudes of 2 and 5 km.In contrast, aerosol loading in the low atmosphere(below 1 km) was only half of that in winter. Wind fields in the low and high atmosphere exhibited opposite transportation patterns in spring over the Gulf of Tonkin, implying different sources for each level. By comparing the emission inventory of anthropogenic sources with biomass burning, and analyzing the seasonal variation of the vertical structure of aerosols over the Northern Indo-China Peninsula(NIC), it was concluded that biomass burning emissions contributed to high aerosol loading in spring. The relatively high topography and the high surface temperature in spring made planetary boundary layer height greater than 3 km over NIC. In addition, small-scale cumulus convection frequently occurred, facilitating pollutant rising to over 3 km, which was a height favoring long-range transport. Thus, pollutants emitted from biomass burning over NIC in spring were raised to the high atmosphere, then experienced long-range transport, leading to the increase in aerosol loading at high altitudes over the Gulf of Tonkin during spring. 相似文献
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Bin Zhou Ruifeng Zhang Shanshan Wang Sanbao Zhang Ruibin Xue Jian Zhu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(10):63-73
As a passive remote sensing technique, MAX-DOAS method was widely used to investigate the vertical profiles of aerosol and trace gases in the lower troposphere. However, the measurements for midlatitude marine boundary layer are rarely reported, especially during the storm weather system. In this study, the MAX-DOAS was used to retrieve the aerosol, HCHO and NO2 vertical distribution at Huaniao Island of East China Sea in summer 2018, during which a strong tropical cyclone developed and passed through the measurement site. The observed aerosol optical depth (AOD), HCHO- and NO2-VCDs (Vertical Column Density) were in the range of 0.19-0.97, (2.57-12.27) × 1015 molec/cm2, (1.24-4.71) × 1015 molec/cm2, which is much higher than remote ocean area due to the short distance to continent. The vertically resolved aerosol extinction coefficient (AEC), HCHO and NO2 presented the decline trend with the increase of height. After the typhoon passing through, the distribution of high levels of aerosol and HCHO stretched to about 1 km and the abundances of the bottom layer were found as double higher than before, reaching 0.51 km−1 and 2.44 ppbv, while NO2 was still constrained within about 300 m with 2.59 ppbv in the bottom layer. The impacts of typhoon process forced air mass were also observed at the suburban site in Shanghai in view of both the aerosol extinction and chemical components. The different changes on air quality associated with typhoon and its mechanism in two different environments: coastal island and coastal city are worthy of further investigation as it frequent occurred in East Asia during summer and fall. 相似文献
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浦东新区大气气溶胶中碳颗粒的分布规律 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
采用元素相关性分析方法，找出浦东新区大气气溶胶中碳颗粒的污染源，确证该区大气中碳颗粒主要来自煤的燃烧。同时初步找出浦东新区大气中碳颗粒污染的时空分布和粒径分布规律，为改善浦东 新区大气污染状况提供依据。 相似文献
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利用气象站点能见距的历史资料和NASA的MOD1S卫星遥感手段获取10km＊10km分辨率的气溶胶光学厚度资料，建立二者之间的季节平均关系。得到了上海地区季节变化的气溶胶标高，并利用标高数据和气溶胶光学厚度的季节分布。反演出上海地区季节变化的区域能见距分布，研究近地层大气气溶胶与地面能见距的关系，分析上海市能见度时空分布特征，结果显示：上海城区在冬春季平均能见距较差，市区中心能见距在lOkm以下；低能见距中心分布明显。且主要分布在杨浦、桃浦、吴淞等工业区范围。 相似文献
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MODIS遥感气溶胶光学厚度产品在地面能见距中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用气象站点能见距的历史资料和NASA的MODIS卫星遥感手段获取10km*10km分辨率的气溶胶光学厚度资料,建立二者之间的季节平均关系,得到了上海地区季节变化的气溶胶标高,并利用标高数据和气溶胶光学厚度的季节分布,反演出上海地区季节变化的区域能见距分布,研究近地层大气气溶胶与地面能见距的关系,分析上海市能见度时空分布特征,结果显示:上海城区在冬春季平均能见距较差,市区中心能见距在10km以下;低能见距中心分布明显,且主要分布在杨浦、桃浦、吴淞等工业区范围. 相似文献
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Racha Dejchanchaiwong Perapong Tekasakul Surajit Tekasakul Worradorn Phairuang Nobchonnee Nim Chaiyoth Sresawasd Kunchira Thongboon Thunyapat Thongyen Panwadee Suwattiga 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(11):149-161
Transboundary and domestic aerosol transport during 2018–2019 affecting Bangkok air quality has been investigated. Physicochemical characteristics of size-segregated ambient particles down to nano-particles collected during 2017 non-haze and 2018–2019 haze periods were analyzed. The average PM2.5 concentrations at KU and KMUTNB sites in Bangkok, Thailand during the haze periods were about 4 times higher than in non-haze periods. The highest average organic carbon and elemental carbon ... 相似文献
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空气中微量肼的离子色谱法测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以稀硫酸为吸收液,铂工作电极为安培检测器,用离子色谱法测定空气中的微量肼。经试验,选择了较适宜的淋洗液浓度、流量,吸收液的酸度,安培检测器的最佳施加电位及抗干扰实验。方法的相对标准偏差小于10％,取样鞋为60升时,最低检出浓度为0.001mg/m~3。 相似文献
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自然通风对办公室内气溶胶的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
办公室间歇开窗自然通风可降低空内颗粒物和微生物的浓度，用ＴＳＩ公司的气溶胶自动分析仪和ＦＡ－１型空气微生物采样器对样品测定结果表明，上午９：００室外大气颗粒物浓度高于室内，不宜开窗；１０：３０左右，室内颗粒物浓度增高，开窗自然通风效果好。 相似文献
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Atmospheric aerosols have effects on atmospheric radiation assessments, global climate change, local air quality and visibility. In particular, aerosols are more likely transformed and accumulated in winter. In this paper, we used the Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instrument to study the characteristics of aerosol type and contributions of PM2.5 chemical components to aerosol extinction (AE), vertical distribution of aerosols, and source. From December 30, 2018 to January 27, 2019, we conducted MAX-DOAS observations on Sanmenxia. The proportion of PM2.5 to PM10 was 69.48%–95.39%, indicating that the aerosol particles were mainly fine particles. By analyzing the ion data and modifying Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) method, we found that nitrate was the largest contributor to AE, accounting for 31.51%, 28.98%, and 27.95% of AE on heavily polluted, polluted, and clean days, respectively. NH4+, OC, and SO42? were also major contributors to AE. The near-surface aerosol extinction retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurement the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations measured by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) have the same trend in vertical distribution. AE increased about 3 times from surface to 500 m. With the backward trajectory of the air mass during the haze, we also found that the continuous heavy pollution was mainly caused by transport of polluted air from the northeast, then followed by local industrial emissions and other sources of emissions under continuous and steady weather conditions. 相似文献
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气溶胶中多环芳烃的污染源识别方法 总被引：30，自引：1，他引：30
文章评述了气溶胶中多环芳烃污染源类型识别的几种方法,即:比值法、轮廓图法、特征化合物法和多元统计方法等.比值法简单可行,应用较多,但常因苯并(a)芘的不稳定性而带来误差,建议与轮廓图法、特征化合物法等配合使用,多元统计法要求样品数多,并且运算复杂,目前应用尚不多见,但其潜力很大。 相似文献