室内空气污染现状及其防治对策

介绍了我国室内空气污染现状，明确了主要污染物及其危害，提出了相关的防治对策。     

室内空气污染分析及防治措施

简述了室内空气污染的种类和特点，多角度论述了室内空气污染的防治措施。     

室内空气污染对人体的危害及其防治对策

分析了室内空气污染物的来源,以及这些污染物对室内空气的影响和对人体健康的危害,系统阐述了改善室内空气质量及防治室内空气污染的方法。     

铀矿区居民室内氡污染水平调查与原因分析

铀矿区某居民点室内氡污染较重,氡浓度和居民所受到的个人辐射剂量远高于国家限值。为了查明氡污染的原因,在现场测量的基础上,通过大气扩散高斯模式计算分析了铀矿井排风口、堆浸场、废石场等气载源项对居民点的辐射剂量贡献。结果表明,各气载源项释放的氡对居民点氡浓度的贡献只有38.08Bq/m3,约占门窗开启的室内氡浓度的16.3%。而居民室内的土壤氡析出对室内氡浓度的贡献为154.29Bq/m3,约占门窗开启的室内氡浓度的65.9%。由此可见,居民点氡浓度过高主要是由于土壤氡析出所致。     

膜生物反应器中的膜污染及其防治

膜生物反应器（Membrane Bioreactor，MBR）是极具前景的新型水处理技术之一，膜污染问题是限制其推广应用的主要障碍。综述了多篇报道并通过对膜污染的成因及机理的分析，指出膜污染防治中需要重点解决的问题，并探讨了膜污染防治技术中需要进一步研究的方向。     

水体氮污染及其防治对策

本文简述了水体氮污染的危害、来源及其转化。从理论上分析了我国《污水综合排放标准》中应以总氮代替氨氮作为限制污水排氮量的一项指标,以实现《地面水环境质最标准》,避免出现水体氮污染现象。污水脱氮可达到限制污水排氮暈的目的,这一过程的实现可通过污水生物处理方法,特别是氧化渠处理技术来完成。     

室内放射污染物——氡

氡是一种天然放射性气体,是人居环境中最直接的污染物,其危害是看不见、摸不着的,为提高空气品质,保护人体免受辐射危害,作者研究介绍氡气的物化特性,并提出降低室内氡浓度的有效措施,以及检测方法和相关标准.     

我国室内空气污染现状、成因与对策

室内空气污染严重影响公众健康，已经受到广泛关注，本文分析了我国室内空气污染的现状和成因，并从法规建设，监督管理，科学研究和宣传教育等方面介绍了我国控制室内空气污染的对策措施。     

氮肥污染与防治

我国由于氮肥造成的环境污染相当严重,本文讨论了氮肥污染的引起的环境问题,并提出了防治对策。     

室内环境污染现状与危害及防治对策

着重介绍了室内环境污染的来源,分析了几种主要污染物对人体的危害,提出了针对室内环境污染的防治措施.     

Careers in Air Pollution Control

Abstract

The destruction of parts per million (ppm) levels of volatile organic compounds in a dry air stream by high–energy electron–beam irradiation has been investigated in a pilot plant at the University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, Tennessee. In a series of experiments, dry air contaminated with various VOCs in the concentration range of 50–1000 ppm were treated in the UTSI pilot plant to determine the extent of destruction at various electronbeam dose levels.

The destruction removal efficiency was determined as a function of the electron beam irradiation dose. The results suggest a charge transfer reaction as the major decomposition mechanism. A theoretical foundation of the process, along with a simple first–generation reaction kinetics model, a summary of the results from the pilot plant flow reactor, and a preliminary cost analysis for a fullscale detoxification plant using currently available electronbeam gun technology are presented in this paper.     

Pollution in the upland environment

As part of a study on the effects of pollutants on forests, a long-term monitoring programme has been operating at two sites (602 and 275 m above sea level (a.s.l.)) in Glentress Forest, south-east Scotland, since June 1987. At these sites, equipment has been recording 20-min data for weather parameters, and cloud and rain event frequency, duration and intensity. The chemical composition of bulk cloud and rainwater has been measured. Cloudwater detection and collection has been made using passive 'Harp wire' gauges (with a cross-sectional area of 0.047 m2) strung with polypropylene filament and having a typical collection efficiency of 29% when compared with independent measurements of windspeed and liquid water content. During 1988, the annual rainfall at the upper site was 1213 mm, occurring over 1776 h. The equivalent cloudwater deposition to a forest with a drag coefficient of 0.06 was estimated to be 375 mm over 1936 h. A 'typical cloud event' lasted 4.5 h and would deposit to forests at a rate of 0.2 mm h(-1). There were significantly higher loadings of suspended particulate material (> 0.2 microm) in cloudwater (mean 18.42, max. 94.5 mg litre(-1)) compared with rainwater (mean 2.6, max. 25.6 mg litre(-1)). There were similar differences in ion concentrations, e.g. for H+ in cloudwater (mean 163, max. 1259 microm) and in rainwater (mean 33, max. 262 microM). It is concluded that cloudwater deposition represents a major pathway for pollutant transfer to the upland environment, especially where the surface vegetation is efficient at capturing cloudwater, i.e. forests. The consequences of this increased pollutant loading to forests and water catchments are yet to be assessed.     

射阳县黄沙港流域面源污染现状及防治对策

针对农村面源污染日渐突出的问题,以农村饮用水源地黄沙港为例分析了农村面源污染的现状和成因,并从乡镇规划、生活污水处理工艺选择、畜禽水产业污染治理、农药化肥的施用、农业废弃物利用技术等方面提出防治措施。     

生物脱氮在污染治理中的应用

生物脱氮作为一种新兴技术,已经在国内外开展了广泛的研究和应用,为环境领域的脱氮处理提供了一个实用而节能的新途径,因此,集中对生物脱氮技术在废气和废水中的应用进行了介绍,分别介绍了这两个方面的进展,并简单比较了各种技术的优缺点,还探讨了生物脱氮技术的今后发展方向。