H90/Q195板带复合工艺及结合机制的研究

研究了H90/Q195板异温轧制复合工艺，借助了金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针、X-射线衍射分析了复合工艺参数对轧制复合后的复合板结合强度的影响，确定了最佳复合工艺，并对结合机制进行了探讨。     

两种铜合金复合板带室温轧制成形工艺及结合机制的研究

研究了黄铜 /紫铜 ,黄铜 /白铜复合板带室温轧制成形工艺 ,借助金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针分析了复合工艺参数对轧制复合后的复合板结构强度的影响 ,确定了最佳复合工艺 ,并对结合机制进行了探讨     

铝合金复合板轧制变形规律研究

此文研究了Al-Si/Al-Mn/Al-Si三层铝合金复合板轧制过程中包覆率的变化规律,基体金属和包覆金属的变形速度关系。讨论了复合板的变形规律。     

2种终轧/开冷温度DSS 2304复合板复层组织与耐腐蚀性能对比研究

目的 对比研究2种不同终轧/开冷温度的2304/Q345C热轧双相不锈钢复合板复层组织和耐腐蚀性能。方法 分别采用金相显微镜和透射电镜观察复层组织形貌,采用铁素体测量仪分析计算复层远界面铁素体组织。分别采用化学浸泡法及电化学法测试复层抗点蚀和晶间腐蚀性能,并对其组织进行金相观察和透射分析。采用万能试验机对界面进行剪切强度测试,对界面附近进行线扫描测试分析,进一步分析剪切性能测试结果。结果 在其他热轧参数一定的情况下,终轧/开冷温度为1050/1020℃的复合板复层组织中的铁素体含量较高,奥氏体/铁素体相界更为规整,位错密度较低,晶界未发现析出相,界面剪切强度较高,复层的耐点腐蚀、晶间腐蚀及腐蚀电化学性能均较优。结论 终轧/开冷温度为1050/1020℃的热轧双相不锈钢复合板复层具有更优的耐腐蚀性能。     

复合MBR工艺处理生活垃圾焚烧电厂渗滤液

以浙江某处理规模为100 m3/d垃圾焚烧发电厂渗滤液处理工程为例,介绍了后加碳源两级A/O复合MBR工艺在生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液处理中的应用情况。复合MBR工艺对生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液的有机污染物和氨氮的去除效率较高,均在98%以上。经过该组合工艺处理后,出水COD可降低至200 mg/L以下,出水氨氮低于5 mg/L。与普通MBR工艺相比,两级A/O复合MBR工艺有机污染物和氨氮去除效率更高。     

不锈钢/铝(铝合金)/不锈钢多层复合板残余应力研究

采用取条法和化学浸蚀法相结合对不锈钢 /铝 (铝合金 ) /不锈钢多层复合板的残余应力值进行了测量。结果表明外层不锈钢受到长度和宽度方向的残余拉应力作用 ,随着轧制复合变形量的增加 ,多层复合板的残余应力值会逐渐增大。此外还通过热 力耦合的弹塑性有限元法对不锈钢 /铝 (铝合金 ) /不锈钢多层复合板的残余应力场进行了模拟仿真 ,并将模拟结果与试验测量值进行了分析和对比。     

复合生物膜载体提高短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺性能研究

一段式短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)工艺作为一种自养生物脱氮技术使污水的低碳处理成为了可能。然而,维持稳定高效的短程硝化和保留厌氧氨氧菌的生物量仍然是PN/A工艺运行成功的主要挑战。采用层状硅酸盐矿物结合无纺布作为一种新型复合生物膜载体,强化厌氧氨氧化菌的持留与PN/A工艺的脱氮效果,考察载体与微生物之间的吸附性能以及复合载体对菌群结构的影响。结果表明：加入复合生物膜载体的反应器的最高氮去除速率达131.4 mg/(L·d),显著高于仅有无纺布载体的对照组[97.2 mg/(L·d)]。表面热力学分析和扩展DLVO理论的研究表明,层状硅酸盐矿物与微生物群落形成了强烈相互吸引力,其表面丰富的金属阳离子可以通过静电引力与离子交换作用来增强菌群的吸附能力。研究制备的复合生物膜载体为PN/A工艺的快速启动和稳定运行提供了一种有效的方法。     

丙烯酸/硅溶胶复合比对复合涂膜性能的影响

以丙烯酸乳液、硅溶胶为基本原料,通过添加偶联剂、闪蚀抑制剂等制备出有机/无机复合涂料,结合复合基料的微观结构,探讨了丙烯酸/硅溶胶的复合比对复合涂料的耐温性、耐有机溶剂性、耐盐水性等性能的影响.结果表明:复合涂膜的耐盐水、耐有机试剂、耐热性能均比纯丙烯酸涂膜大幅度提高;丙烯酸/硅溶胶复合基料固化膜随着其中硅溶胶含量的增加,硅溶胶成分有在涂膜表面富集的倾向,硅溶胶在涂膜表面的富集倾向及网状结构是上述性能提高的重要原因.     

复合板的成形技术与发展趋势

介绍了目前复合板生产工艺的研究开发现状以及各种工艺方法的特点 ,探讨了复合板生产技术的发展趋势 ,认为连铸工艺是复合板技术的发展方向     

复合锻造的实验研究

此文用塑性泥作模拟材料,进行了压扭复合锻造和不对称V型砧拔长的工艺实验。实验表明:压扭复合锻造的变形力仅为镦粗变形力的1╱3～1/2。当P′=P/2,(?)=40.9°时,工艺效果很好,孔洞的闭合均匀,且不闭合率小。V型砧拔长时,当开口角为115°时,A=45°,B=70°时的工艺效果最好。两种工艺均可实现小锻比、大变形,从而减小锻件的各向异性倾向。     

包套轧制复合法制备TA1/LY12复合板

对5座高山电视塔在自然环境下金属腐蚀与防护进行了调查和分析研究，寻求其规律性，以便在今后建设中有针对性地改进抗蚀措施，提高并延长其结构使用寿命，更好地为广播电视宣传服务。     

Bending of Titanium Sheet Using Laser Forming

Laser forming, a novel manufacturing method for bending sheet metal first reported in 1985, has been investigated as an alternative to hot brake forming (industry standard) of titanium sheet parts for the aircraft industry. Laser forming involves scanning a focused or partially defocused laser beam over the surface of a titanium workpiece to cause localized heating along the bend line and angular deflection toward the beam. The main advantage that laser forming has over conventional brake forming is increased process flexibility. An experimental investigation of this process (primarily designed experiments) met the following objectives: identified the response variables related to change in geometry (bend angle) and material microstructure; characterized the influence of process variables (scanning speed, beam diameter, laser power) on these response variables; determined the degree of controllability over the process variables; and evaluated the suitability of laser forming for the aircraft industry (most important), all with respect to titanium sheet. It has been determined that laser forming with an Nd:YAG laser is a controllable, flexible manufacturing process for titanium sheet bending. Unfortunately, these advantages over traditional hot brake forming are overshadowed by the fact that, with regard to forming with titanium, laser forming is significantly slower and more labor and energy intensive, and results in unacceptable material properties at the bend line according to aircraft industry standards. These findings cast doubt over the assertions of some researchers that laser forming may be a viable manufacturing process for parts made in small batches. Instead, it appears that it may be best suited for rapid prototyping of sheet metal parts.     

PVD coated mill rolls for cold rolling of stainless steel strips—Tribological and mechanical laboratory tests

The cost of rolling is determined in particular by productivity and lifetime of rolls before regrinding. Adhesive wear of the sheet gives rise to transfer on the roll surface. Its occurrence depends on rolling conditions and is one of the determining factors of the maximal reduction for a given rolling speed. Abrasive wear of the roll is the second factor for roll lifetime. Both phenomena are strongly related to tribological and mechanical characteristics of the surface layer of rolls. Stainless steel is known for its high adhesiveness. Coatings with good tribological properties could help extend the roll service. In this paper, the potential of different PVD coatings (CrN, TiN and TiBN) is explored. The impact of these coatings on influential phenomena during rolling is analyzed thanks to well-adapted tribological and mechanical laboratory tests. The results show that TiN has a good potential in cold rolling of stainless steel strips.     

典型钢铁企业挥发性有机物排放量测算及组分特征

选取涵盖钢铁炼制全流程的典型企业,综合采用不同核算方法估算比较了该企业挥发性有机物（VOCs）排放结果;并在此基础之上,通过氟聚化合物气袋、SUMMA罐采样及气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-FID/MS）分析方法,对烧结、焦化、热轧和冷轧等工序废气中VOCs浓度水平及排放特征进行监测.结果表明,整个厂区VOCs年排放量为430.82t,其中工艺有组织排放占66.0%,储罐18.5%;烧结机头和焦炉推焦排放口VOCs及非甲烷总烃（NMHC）浓度高于其他点位;各工序排放的芳香烃占比较高,其中焦化装煤除尘和焦炉推焦排放口芳香烃占90%以上;烧结工序CS₂占比最高（36.6%）,其次为苯和甲苯;焦化工序占比靠前的物种为1,2,4-三甲基苯、邻甲乙苯、1,4-二乙基苯、1,2,3-三甲基苯和1,3,5-三甲基苯等;热轧工序与其他工序有一定区别,车间无组织排放芳香烃和烷烃占比均在35%左右,排放靠前的物种除芳香烃外还有高碳烷烃,如十一烷、十二烷和正丁烷等;冷轧工序有组织和无组织排放主要物种较为类似,均为芳香烃物种,如乙基苯、间/对二甲苯、甲苯、苯和邻二甲苯.不同工艺环节排放物种存在一定差异,但主要以焦化副产物（芳香烃）和烧结燃烧产物（CS₂）为主,建议钢铁行业有针对性地加强浓度高、活性高和毒性大的组分控制.     

典型钢铁企业挥发性有机物排放量测算及组分特征

选取涵盖钢铁炼制全流程的典型企业,综合采用不同核算方法估算比较了该企业挥发性有机物（VOCs）排放结果;并在此基础之上,通过氟聚化合物气袋、SUMMA罐采样及气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-FID/MS）分析方法,对烧结、焦化、热轧和冷轧等工序废气中VOCs浓度水平及排放特征进行监测.结果表明,整个厂区VOCs年排放量为430.82t,其中工艺有组织排放占66.0%,储罐18.5%;烧结机头和焦炉推焦排放口VOCs及非甲烷总烃（NMHC）浓度高于其他点位;各工序排放的芳香烃占比较高,其中焦化装煤除尘和焦炉推焦排放口芳香烃占90%以上;烧结工序CS₂占比最高（36.6%）,其次为苯和甲苯;焦化工序占比靠前的物种为1,2,4-三甲基苯、邻甲乙苯、1,4-二乙基苯、1,2,3-三甲基苯和1,3,5-三甲基苯等;热轧工序与其他工序有一定区别,车间无组织排放芳香烃和烷烃占比均在35%左右,排放靠前的物种除芳香烃外还有高碳烷烃,如十一烷、十二烷和正丁烷等;冷轧工序有组织和无组织排放主要物种较为类似,均为芳香烃物种,如乙基苯、间/对二甲苯、甲苯、苯和邻二甲苯.不同工艺环节排放物种存在一定差异,但主要以焦化副产物（芳香烃）和烧结燃烧产物（CS₂）为主,建议钢铁行业有针对性地加强浓度高、活性高和毒性大的组分控制.     

Microwave cladding: A new approach in surface engineering

Cladding is generally characterized by partial dilution of the substrate and hence formation of metallurgical bonding between the substrate and the deposits. Laser cladding is one of the most widely practiced surface engineering techniques. The present work mainly focuses on a novel development in surface engineering techniques in the form of microwave cladding. Clads of tungsten carbide (WC) based WC10Co2Ni powder on austenitic stainless steel were produced using microwave hybrid heating. Microwave clads were developed by exposing the preplaced, preheated powder for a duration of 120 s to microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz frequency and 900 W power in a home microwave system. Characterization of the clads was carried out in the form of microstructural and elemental composition studies. Investigations show crack-free interface revealing good metallurgical bond associated with partial dilution of the stainless steel substrate and full melting of WC particles. Typical X-ray diffraction results confirm presence of metallic carbides in the clad which is primarily responsible for significantly higher microhardness of the clad. Process mechanism has been discussed.     

Twin-roll casting of aluminum–steel clad strips

The results of experiments on twin-roll casting of aluminum–steel clad strips are presented. For the first time this energy-saving production technology for a clad material of this metals combination was implemented. Besides the experimental equipment and processing details, the results of metallographic, electron microprobe and transmission electron microscopy analysis of the aluminum–steel interface are shown. The pack rolling and deep-drawing tests of the twin-roll cast clad strips were performed to check their applicability for a further processing using plastic deformation. In addition adhesive strength of the bond was tested. The performed analysis have shown the formation of a continuous, thin and uniform layer of intermetallic phases on the materials interface of approx. 3 μm thickness having an adhesive strength over 70 MPa.     

Development and characterization of microwave composite cladding

The development of cladding through microwave radiation is recently explored and very few, initial studies were reported elsewhere. In order to explore more viability of process, (EWAC (Ni based) + 20% Cr₂₃C₆ powder) composite cladding has been developed on substrate austenitic stainless steel (SS-316). The experiments were conducted in domestic microwave oven and the clad of thickness, approximate 500 m has been developed by the exposure of microwave radiation at frequency 2.45 GHz for duration of 360 s. Typical clads cross sections of composite clads showed good metallurgical bonding with the substrate by partial dilution. The back scattered electron image of clad cross section showed the reinforced chromium carbide (Cr₂₃C₆) particles are uniformly distributed and well embedded in the Ni based matrix. The developed clad is free from visible solidification cracking and has significantly less porosity which is of the order of 0.90%. The XRD pattern of the developed clad showed the presence of FeNi₃, NiSi and Cr₂₃C₆ phases. The average Vicker's microhardness of developed clad was observed as 425 ± 140 Hv.     

不同B_(4)C含量对冷喷涂Al/B_(4)C复合涂层防腐与耐磨性能的影响

目的分析不同B_(4)C含量对冷喷涂Al/B_(4)C复合涂层防腐和耐磨性能的影响,探索利用冷喷涂低温特点制备Al/B_(4)C复合涂层的可行性。方法利用冷喷涂方法制备4种B_(4)C含量的Al/B_(4)C复合涂层,并利用各种方法表征涂层的结合特征、耐磨性能和防腐性能。结果冷喷涂过程不会改变铝和碳化硼的物相,碳化硼颗粒主要以嵌入方式结合在涂层中,会产生结合缺陷。在本研究中,B_(4)C的质量分数最高可达到34.53%左右,涂层的结合强度随粉末中碳化硼含量的增加先增加、后降低,最高可达26.67 MPa。微区电化学试验分析涂层内部微电位差值,发现Al/B_(4)C界面存在电位差,腐蚀反应会优先在Al/B_(4)C界面发生,从而破坏金属Al成膜,使涂层的耐蚀性能与略低于铝块材。结论冷喷涂技术可以制备微观结构和结合性能良好的高B_(4)C含量Al/B_(4)C复合涂层,涂层中B_(4)C的质量分数最高达34.53%,预期具有良好的热中子吸收性能。同时,B_(4)C颗粒的加入,使得涂层的耐磨性能大大的提升,但是耐蚀性能相比于铝材料略有降低,是未来需要改善的方向。