黔北优势植物对槽谷型喀斯特生境的适应策略:基于功能性状与生态化学计量相关联的证据

以黔北槽谷型喀斯特地区三种优势植物化香(Platycarya strobilacea)、马尾松(Pinus massoniana)和烟管荚蒾(Viburnum utile)为研究对象,测定其叶片、枝条和根系的功能性状与C、N、P、Ca、Mg元素含量,分析植物不同器官间功能性状和生态化学计量学的特征与关联,探讨优势物种对槽谷喀斯特环境的适应策略。结果表明:(1)叶片干物质含量在物种间无显著差异,比叶面积、枝干物质含量、枝密度、粗根密度和中根密度在种间差异显著,比叶面积种间变异最大(32. 13%),而叶干物质含量种间变异最小(12. 76%)。(2)比叶面积与叶干物质含量、粗根和中根密度呈显著负相关,叶干物质含量、枝干物质含量、枝密度、粗根密度和中根密度两两正相关。(3)植物C含量在叶片、枝条和根系中的分配较为均匀,N、P、Mg含量均表现为叶片枝条根系,C/N、C/P表现为根系枝条叶片;叶片N/P范围为10. 89～27. 39,平均值为17. 75。(4)在相应器官内,N与P元素和N/P显著正相关,C与Ca、Mg元素显著负相关,Ca与Mg显著正相关,叶片Ca与叶片P显著负相关。(5)比叶面积与叶片N、P、Mg含量显著正相关,与叶片C含量显著负相关;粗根和中根组织密度与根Ca含量极显著正相关。这说明黔北槽谷喀斯特地区的优势植物在功能性状上产生分化,减少生态位重叠,以降低资源竞争。为适应干旱贫瘠环境,植物一方面形成低比叶面积、高干物质含量和高组织密度的功能性状组合,另一方面改变器官间的元素分配,增加枝条和根系的投资。     

黄土高原纸坊沟流域不同植物叶片及枯落物的生态化学计量学特征研究

以黄土高原纸坊沟流域3种不同植物类型(乔、灌、草)下优势物种的叶片及其枯落物为研究对象,通过对其碳、氮、磷、钾含量及生态化学计量学特征的研究,探讨退化生态系统植物内稳性、NP限制率以及营养元素的回流关系,以期为黄土高原植被恢复与重建以及不同物种的合理配置提供合理建议,为完善生态化学计量学理论提供支撑.结果表明,不同植物类型叶片碳氮磷含量变化较小,钾含量变化较大,表现为草本植物叶片钾含量显著高于乔木与灌木;叶片在凋落前将大量的养分转移至其它器官,防止养分的流失,使得枯落物碳氮磷钾含量均小于叶片.碳、氮、磷、钾的回流率分别为6.16%~22.84%、24.38%~65.18%、22.38%~77.16%、60.99%~89.35%,其中碳、磷、钾的回流率以草本最大,磷的回流率以灌木最大.乔木与灌木叶片与枯落物N∶P、N∶K、C∶N比差异不显著,草本植物差异显著.植物叶片N∶P比变化范围为12.14~19.17,叶片枯落物N∶P比变化范围为12.84~30.67.通常将N∶P比为16作为评价植物生长受氮或者磷限制的临界值,不同植物类型叶片N∶P比表现为灌木(19.17)乔木(15)草本(12.14),说明该区灌木主要受磷含量的限制,草本植物主要受氮含量限制,乔木主要受氮磷含量共同限制.叶片钾含量与N∶P呈极显著的负相关,枯落物钾含量与C∶P比呈极显著的负相关.综合研究表明,该区3种植物类型碳氮磷含量无差异,钾含量差异显著,叶片碳氮磷钾回流率较大,不同植物类型受氮与磷限制作用不一致植物在生长演替阶段对氮磷等元素的累积与回归表现出一定的特异性.     

大兴安岭4种乔木枝叶燃烧碳排放因子分析

为了解大兴安岭4种乔木燃烧碳排放特性,为林火碳排放的估算和区域碳平衡研究提供数据支持,文章运用室内燃烧模拟装置对落叶松、樟子松、白桦、蒙古栎的枝、叶进行不同燃烧状态下的点烧试验,并用烟气分析仪、颗粒物分析仪和元素分析仪对燃烧释放含碳气体及颗粒物中元素碳(EC)、有机碳(OC)的排放特性进行深入分析。结果表明,阴燃状态下各树种燃烧释放污染物的平均排放因子均大于明燃,而明燃状态下各树种枝的污染物排放因子均大于叶;樟子松枝、叶燃烧时PM2.5平均排放因子显著大于其他3个树种。元素碳与PM2.5排放因子的比值(EFEC/EFPM2.5)表现为明燃大于阴燃,且相同燃烧状态下枝大于叶。阴燃能促进CO、CxHy等不完全燃烧产物的排放;枝燃烧产生的EC在颗粒物中的比重普遍高于叶,而OC含量则与之相反;相同燃烧状态下叶的EFOC/EFEC值大于枝,在不同燃烧状态下EFEC与EFPM2.5呈现出显著相关性。     

呼和浩特地区5种园林绿化树种UVB屏蔽效应研究

研究选取五种常见园林绿化树种:油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)、圆柏(Sabina chinensi)、龙爪槐(Sophora japonica Varpendula)、丁香(Syringa oblate)红瑞木(Comus alba)作为研究对象,利用PC-2太阳辐射记录仪测定树木遮阴及全日照条件下UV...     

螃蟹对闽江河口湿地土壤碳氮磷含量及其生态化学计量学特征影响

为阐明螃蟹活动对湿地土壤碳、氮、磷含量及其生态化学计量学特征的影响,对闽江河口湿地不同潮滩螃蟹干扰下的土壤碳、氮、磷含量及其生态化学计量学特征进行了测定和分析.结果表明:高潮滩有螃蟹(GP)和高潮滩无螃蟹(GD)组土壤碳、氮、磷含量的平均值分别为(13.32±0.66)、(1.51±0.05)、(0.70±0.05)g·kg~(-1)和(13.25±0.53)、(1.52±0.04)、(0.75±0.04)g·kg~(-1),螃蟹组与对照组之间的碳、氮、磷含量差异不显著(p0.05);中潮滩有螃蟹(ZP)和中潮滩无螃蟹(ZD)组土壤碳、氮、磷含量的平均值分别为(13.85±0.61)、(1.64±0.08)、(0.77±0.07)g·kg~(-1)和(13.10±0.43)、(1.52±0.08)、(0.79±0.04)g·kg~(-1),螃蟹组土壤碳、氮含量显著高于对照组(p0.05),但磷含量差异不显著(p0.05).GP和GD组土壤C/N、C/P、N/P的平均值分别为(8.80±0.26)、(19.38±1.34)、(2.17±0.16)和(8.70±0.28)、(17.78±0.42)、(2.04±0.13),螃蟹组养分比与对照组差异不显著(p0.05);ZP和ZD组土壤C/N、C/P、N/P的平均值分别为(8.57±0.27)、(18.41±0.68)、(2.11±0.18)和(8.52±0.35)、(16.72±0.32)、(2.01±0.19),螃蟹组养分比与对照组差异不显著(p0.05).总体来看,土壤碳、氮、磷及其生态化学计量学特征的变化是环境因子综合作用的结果,其生态化学计量学特征对土壤碳、氮、磷固持及限制性养分具有一定的指示作用.     

生态修复区盐地碱蓬群落碳、氮储量及其影响因素分析——以辽河三角洲大凌河口湿地为例

为揭示土壤环境变化及植物群落结构对修复初期河口湿地碳汇格局的影响,本文运用方差分解方法测算了群落尺度辽河口湿地生态修复区碳、氮储量分配格局,并定量阐明了盐度、含水率、高程等环境因子对碳、氮储量的影响贡献率。结果表明：（1）春、秋季,土壤碳储量分别为41.93 t/ha和44.72 t/ha,氮储量分别为8.65 t/ha和8.80 t/ha;植物碳储量分别为8.97 kg/ha和180.48 kg/ha,氮储量分别为0.61 kg/ha和16.27 kg/ha。（2）植物碳氮储量与株高、盖度呈显著对数函数关系,与土壤微生物量碳氮及土壤氮的周转速率呈显著负相关性。（3）土壤含水率、群落盖度和高程是影响碳、氮储量的最主要因子,地形高程和含水率能解释幼苗期碳、氮储量分异的45.6%以及成熟期碳、氮储量分异的54.5%。研究结果证明了微地形改造、生态补水等措施对湿地碳汇能力的提升具有重要作用。     

生态沟渠对氮、磷污染物的拦截效应

将原农业排水沟渠改建成生态沟,以水生美人蕉、黑三棱、灯心草、铜钱草和绿狐尾藻等为试验植物,通过沟渠水样氮、磷去除的时空变化,各植物区泥沙和植物氮、磷含量的对比,探讨了生态沟渠对农业面源污染的阻控效应.结果表明,生态沟渠出水氮、磷浓度分别低于地表水环境质量标准Ⅳ类和Ⅱ类,整条生态沟渠对水体总氮、总磷的平均去除率分别为64.3%、69.7%.整条生态沟渠2010年和2011年拦截泥沙总量的平均值为40 400 kg,含泥沙氮52.4 kg,泥沙磷21.4 kg;其中各植物段拦截泥沙氮、磷量为水生美人蕉铜钱草黑三棱绿狐尾藻灯心草.生态沟渠植物每年累积带走的氮、磷量分别为7.9 kg和1.4 kg;5种植物氮、磷吸收量最高的是水生美人蕉和绿狐尾藻,二者的地上生物量与地下生物量比值也远高于其他3种植物.因此,生态沟渠对氮、磷污染物有较好的拦截效应,5种植物中氮、磷吸收效果最好的是水生美人蕉和绿狐尾藻.     

黄土高原子午岭植被自然恢复下的固碳特征

为分析黄土高原生态脆弱区植被自然恢复的碳汇效应和植被群落特征变化对生态系统碳密度的影响,采用时空互代的方法,研究了子午岭地区150 a恢复年限内8个演替阶段{坡耕地、撂荒10 a草地、20 a草地、白刺花[Sophora davidii(Franch.) Skeels.]、白桦(Betula platyphylla Suk.)、油松(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)、辽东栎(Quercus wutaishanic Mary)+油松(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.)混交林和辽东栎}下植被-土壤系统的固碳特征,探讨了群落特征变化对植被-土壤系统碳密度的影响.结果表明,调查植被群落盖度从坡耕地阶段的85%波动增加到乔木阶段的100%.物种数量、Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数和Simpson指数总体呈现出先快速增加后缓慢降低直至趋向稳定的变化特征,演替中期(白桦)达到峰值.植被各组分(地上生物、地下根系、枯落物)的生物量和碳密度在演替过程中呈指数函数关系增加,即白桦以前增加缓慢,白桦和油松阶段显著增加(P<...     

UV-B辐射对亚热带森林凋落叶氮、磷元素释放的影响

UV-B辐射对凋落物分解过程的影响已成为全球变化生态学研究中的前沿和热点问题之一.采用分解袋法对自然和UV-B辐射滤减两种环境下亚热带6种代表性树种(杉木、马尾松、木荷、香樟、青冈和甜槠)凋落叶氮、磷元素的释放动态进行了研究.结果表明,凋落叶氮元素的动态表现为直接富集、释放-富集和释放-富集-释放3种模式,磷元素的动态表现为直接释放、富集-释放-富集和无明显变化3种模式.与对照相比,UV-B辐射滤减显著延缓了甜槠凋落叶氮元素及青冈和甜槠凋落叶磷元素的释放(P<0.05),但促进了香樟凋落叶磷元素的释放(P<0.05),对其他树种凋落叶的氮或磷释放无显著影响.凋落叶的初始氮含量和C/N比值不能解释氮释放动态,C/P比值可以部分解释磷的释放.全球环境变化背景下UV-B辐射在湿润亚热带地区森林生态系统过程中的作用尚需进一步认识和理解.     

北京10个常绿树种颗粒物吸附能力研究

大气中颗粒物PM(particulate matter)不仅造成环境污染,还对人体造成严重的危害.城市绿色植物作为大气过滤器,能够有效地提高城市空气质量,保护人体健康.因此了解不同树种对空气颗粒物的吸附滞纳作用是必要的.以北京植物园10种常绿植被为研究对象,应用空气气溶胶再发生器(QRJZFSQ-I)测定了北京市常见6种乔木和4种灌木叶片对空气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、PM10、PM2.5和PM1.0的吸附能力.结果表明:1不同树种叶片表面附着颗粒物的能力差异明显,最高的是雪松(Cedrus deodara)和油松(Pinus tabuliformis),吸附量分别是(18.95±0.71)μg·cm-2和(14.61±0.78)μg·cm-2,冷杉(Abies fabri)最小,为(8.02±0.4)μg·cm-2;2不同树种叶片单位面积对不同颗粒物的附着能力也存在差异,附着PM10能力最强的是油松和雪松,附着PM2.5能力最强的是雪松、铺地柏(Juniperus procumbens)、龙柏(Juniperus chinensis cv.kaizuka)和油松,附着PM1.0能力最强的是雪松、铺地柏、冷杉和油松;3不同月份叶片上附着的各粒级颗粒物(PM10、PM2.5)占TSP的比例不同.其中PM10在4~6月之间主要表现两种变化趋势,一是先上升后下降,主要为灌木树种;二是逐渐上升,主要的树种是乔木树种.而PM2.5则没有这种明显的变化趋势.     

长白山红松和臭冷杉树轮密度变化特征及其气候响应

本研究建立了长白山红松和臭冷杉的全轮、早晚材密度年表,并分析了2个树种的树轮密度变化特征及其与平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温和降水量的相关关系。结果表明：两树种树轮密度变化具有一致性。红松树轮密度对气候变化更加敏感,而臭冷杉树轮密度变化相对稳定。两树种树轮密度年表与平均气温和平均最低气温整体呈显著正相关,而与平均最高气温和降水量的相关性相对较弱。其中,生长季早期（4—5月）的平均最低气温可能是影响树轮密度变化的主要因素。响应面分析结果表明：随着生长季早期的平均最低气温上升,两树种早材密度与平均最低气温呈现先减弱后增强的响应趋势,而与生长季早期的降水呈现先增强后减弱的响应趋势。滑动相关分析显示：随着气候变暖,两树种树轮密度年表均对生长季晚期（9—10月）平均气温和生长季早晚期平均最低气温的正响应显著增强,而对生长季晚期平均最高气温的正相关减小,与降水的响应相对稳定。臭冷杉的树轮密度年表对上年12月平均最高气温和当年4月平均最低气温的响应出现显著的正负转换现象。     

Spatial heterogeneity of cyanobacterial communities and genetic variation of Microcystis populations within large, shallow eutrophic lakes (Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, China)

Cyanobacteria, specifically Microcystis, usually form massive blooms in eutrophic freshwater lakes. Cyanobacterial samples were collected from eight sites of both Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu in late summer to determine the diversity and distribution pattern of cyanobacteria and Microcystis in large, shallow, entropic lakes with significant spatial heterogeneity and long-term Microcystis bloom. Molecular methods based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and clone library analysis were used. A similar heterogeneous distribution pattern of cyanobacteria in both lakes was observed. Most parts of these two lakes with high trophic level were dominated by Microcystis. However, in the regions with low trophic levels as well as low concentrations of chlorophyll a, Synechococcus occupied a considerable percentage. Different morphospecies and genotypes dominated the bloom-forming Microcystis populations in these two lakes. Microcystis viridis and Microcystis novacekii were dominant in Lake Chaohu, whereas Microcystis flos-aquae was dominant in Lake Taihu. Only 2 of the13 Microcystis operational taxonomic units were shared between these two lakes. Analysis of molecular variance based on 16S to 23S internal transcribed spacer sequences indicated the significant genetic differentiation of Microcystis between these two lakes (F_st = 0.19, p < 0.001). However, only 19.46% of the genetic variability was explained by the population variation between lakes, whereas most (80.54%) of the genetic variability occurred within the lakes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed no phylogeographic structure of Microcystis population in these two lakes, as illustrated by their cosmopolitan nature. Our results revealed that spatial heterogeneity within lakes has more impact on the cyanobacterial diversity than geographical isolation in a local scale.     

哈思山油松树轮宽度对气候要素及几种水分指数的响应分析

A tree-ring width chronology developed from Pinus tabulaeformis tree-rings of Hasi Mountain was employed to analyze responses of tree-ring to different climatic metrics. Correlation analyses between tree-ring chronology and precipitation and temperature suggest that tree growth is both limited by precipitation and temperature, and moisture is the principal limiting factor of tree-ring width. To find a suitable moisture index to be reconstructed, three moisture indices considering precipitation and evaporation even water balance are chosen to be analyzed. The results suggest that the PDSI is an appropriate index as predictor of tree-ring width and can be used to reconstruct in this area.     

呼伦贝尔沙地核心保护区樟子松径向生长的气候响应特征

沙地樟子松是我国三北防护林工程的主要推广树种,查明该树种核心区的树木生长的气候环境制约因子,有助于提升对全球变化不利影响的适应能力,为区域生态文明建设与可持续发展提供科学数据。通过对呼伦贝尔沙地樟子松保护区核心区树轮样本的研究,揭示森林内部该树种年轮记录的生长气候响应特征。结果表明:与标准年表相比,差值年表具有更好的气候要素表征能力。水分是核心区沙地樟子松径向生长的主要限制因子,差值年表与上年8月至当年7月降水总量显著相关(0.512,p0.01)。在过去的81年中极端湿润年和干旱年分别出现15次和11次。核心区沙地樟子松差值年表具有显著的2—8年的周期信号,空间相关显示差值年表有一定的区域水文气候变化代表性。     

Density and nutritional condition of carabid beetles in wildflower areas of different age

Density and nutritional condition of the five carabid beetle species Agonum mülleri, Anchomenus dorsalis, Anisodactylus binotatus, Pterostichus vernalis and Poecilus cupreus was studied. Carabids were caught in sixteen 1–4-year-old wildflower areas, identified and counted, their nutritional condition was calculated and calculations were related to habitat parameters (i.e. wildflower area age, vegetation cover, soil water content, habitat size, surrounding landscape composition) and sex.Whereas the number of Anisodactylus binotatus caught responded positively to succession in wildflower areas, A. mülleri numbers tended to decrease and the other three species were unaffected. In a stepwise multiple regression species affiliation, sex and age of wildflower area explained together 98.5% of the variance in the pooled nutritional condition of Anchomenus dorsalis, Anisodactylus binotatus, A. mülleri and P. vernalis. Age of wildflower area alone explained 61.7% of the variance and age increased the nutritional condition of carabids. Correspondingly, nutritional condition of Poecilus cupreus was positively correlated with the age of wildflower area. Overall, the nutritional condition of the carabid assemblage studied increased from the first to the second year and then remained stable. To keep the proportion of 1-year-old wildflower areas low, wildflower areas should therefore be maintained for several years to improve the life conditions of carabid beetles and to enhance their beneficial effects in agroecosystems.     

Phytoremediation potential of charophytes: Bioaccumulation and toxicity studies of cadmium, lead and zinc

The ability for usage of common freshwater charophytes,Chara aculeolata and Nitella opaca in removal of cadmium (Cd),lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) from wastewater was examined.C.aculeolata and N.opaca were exposed to various concentrations of Cd (0.25 and 0.5 mg/L),Pb (5 and 10 mg/L) and Zn (5 and 10 mg/L) solutions under hydroponic conditions for 6 days.C.aculeolata was more tolerant of Cd and Pb than N.opaca.The relative growth rate of N.opaca was drastically reduced at high concentrations of Cd and Pb although both were tolerant of Zn.Both macroalgae showed a reduction in chloroplast,chlorophyll and carotenoid content after Cd and Pb exposure,while Zn exposure had little effects.The bioaccumulation of both Cd and Pb was higher in N.opaca (1544.3 μg/g at 0.5 mg/L Cd,21657.0 μg/g at 10 mg/L Pb) whereas higher Zn accumulation was observed in C.aculeolata (6703.5 μg/g at 10 mg/L Zn).In addition,high bioconcentration factor values (> 1000) for Cd and Pb were observed in both species.C.aculeolata showed higher percentage of Cd and Pb removal (> 95%) than N.opaca and seemed to be a better choice for Cd and Pb removal from wastewater due to its tolerance to these metals.     

北京地区SO2、NOx、O3和PM2.5变化特征的城郊对比分析

2006-01-01～2006-12-31在北京上甸子区域大气本底站和城区宝联环境观测站连续观测了SO2、NOx、O3和PM2.5的浓度,分析了北京城区和郊区的季节变化及日变化的差异,并结合风向讨论了城区污染对于大气本底的影响.结果表明,①NOx、SO2浓度在采暖季城郊差异最大,城区是本底的4～6倍,城郊O3有一致的浓度变化.本底站PM2.5在4、5月达到100μg/m3以上,是年平均的2～3倍;②NOx和SO2的日变化在城区表现为双峰型,在09:00前后和22:00前后形成高值,郊区表现为单峰型,在22:00前后出现高值.郊区O3的日变化峰值滞后于城区大约2 h.PM2.5日变化规律表现得较不规则;③西南风条件下本底各污染物浓度明显受城区输送影响而升高,东北风条件下干洁气团的影响比较明显.     

凤眼莲对富营养化水体中氨氧化和反硝化微生物的影响

凤眼莲近年来广泛应用于富营养化淡水湖泊的生态修复中,但其对微生物的相互作用和对水体中氮素的去除鲜有报道.本研究在氮素去除过程中对比凤眼莲和细菌的相对重要性,并且检测浮游植物对硝化细菌和反硝化细菌相对丰度及多样性的影响.水体中氮素的去除率以及硝化和反硝化作用的潜在能力使用定量聚合酶链式反应(qPCRs)对硝化作用基因amoA和反硝化作用基因nirS/K进行检测,从微观角度研究富营养化水体中是否会受到凤眼莲存在的影响.结果表明,TN的减少在70d的实验周期中所有处理组表现较为一致,但凤眼莲存在的实验组在24h内TN和NH_4~+-N的去除上有显著的降低,并且amoA的丰度有所增加,nirS/K的丰度有所降低.T-RFLP结果表明亚硝化单胞菌在氨氧化微生物中占优势.凤眼莲的种植可以实现富营养化水体中NH_4~+-N的快速有效减少,且微生物的相互作用可以充分利用到淡水生态系统的修复中.     

绿狐尾藻对铜绿微囊藻和羊角月牙藻的抑藻效应

分别将不同起始浓度(10~5、10~6、10~7、10~8和10~9ind.·L~(-1))的铜绿微囊藻和羊角月牙藻分组与绿狐尾藻进行共培养,连续10 d,每天测定各组铜绿微囊藻或羊角月牙藻的光密度值,用以确定绿狐尾藻对两种藻类不同浓度的生长抑制情况.结果表明,2. 5 g·(200 m L)~(-1)的绿狐尾藻对起始浓度为10~7ind.·L~(-1)和10~8ind.·L~(-1)的铜绿微囊藻具有明显的抑制作用;而对实验所设的所有起始浓度的羊角月牙藻生长均没有显著的抑制作用.并且,采用溶剂浸提与气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)测定的方法,分析了绿狐尾藻粉末浸提液和绿狐尾藻生长液中可能存在的化感物质,通过分析,确定棕榈酸是绿狐尾藻分泌的化感物质之一,并且发现了3种可能是绿狐尾藻分泌的新型化感物质:3-乙基-3-甲基庚烷、磷酸三乙酯和酞酸二丁酯.     

Responses of activities, abundances and community structures of soil denitrifiers to short-term mercury stress

The responses of activities, abundances and community structures of soil denitrifiers to mercury (Hg) stress were investigated through a short-term incubation experiment. Four soil treatments with different concentrations of Hg (CK, Hg25, Hg50, and Hg100, denoted as 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg Hg/kg dry soil, respectively) were incubated for 28 days. Soil denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was measured at day 3, 7 and 28. The abundances and community structures of two denitrification concerning genes, nirS (cd₁-nitrite reductase gene) and nosZ (nitrous oxide reductase gene), were analyzed using real-time PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Results showed that soil DEA was significantly stimulated in the treatments of Hg25 and Hg50 compared with others at day 7. Meanwhile, no difference in the abundances of soil nirS and nosZ was found between Hg spiked treatments and CK, except the lower abundance of nirS (P<0.05) in the Hg added treatments compared with that in the CK at day 28. The community structures of denitrifiers based on nirS gene presented obvious change at day 7 along with the Hg additions, however, no variation was found in all treatments based on the nosZ gene. The results indicated that Hg (Hg25 and Hg50) had a strongly short-term stimulation on soil DEA, and nirS gene is more sensitive than nosZ gene to Hg stress.