一种高均匀度均温板系统设计及测试

文章通过技术攻关成功研制了耐高压高均匀度的均温板,耐受压力高于5.6MPa。设计了试验测试系统,开展了均温板热扩散性能和热响应性测试。热扩散那性能测试试验结果显示,研制的均温板试件具有显著的热扩散效果,测试时试件整体温差不大于1℃。热响应性能试验结果显示,均温板对热源功率变化具有近乎同步响应特征,表现出了良好的热响应特征。耐高压均温板的研制实现了被动控温手段解决高热流密度难题的目标。     

废轮胎多孔隙消波结构物特性之初期研究

基于废旧轮胎再利用及研发简易且低廉的施工方法与维护成本,本研究以规则波水工模型试验研究提出应用于港口码头的多孔隙弹性帷幕的初步理念。利用模型车轮胎以模块化方式组装成弹性帷幕后安装于码头前壁,研究多种周期波浪作用及不同消波室纵深对波浪反射率的影响。实验结果表明,简单的单一消波室多孔隙弹性帷幕对短周期波浪的消波效果较显著,消波室纵深较大者反射率较低,但可能引致水体振荡,后续可再强化消波室的消能效果。未来如能妥善研究废旧轮胎应用于多孔隙弹性帷幕消波结构物的施工与维修方法,除可缓解废旧轮胎处理给环境带来的压力外,也提供一种可用于简易渔港的施工简单、维修容易且资源再利用的消能结构物,该工程技术亦可输出至发展中国家,符合可持续发展观。     

电子设备的热设计

电子设备周围环境温度过高是造成其故障率增大的原因。利用热传导、对流、热辐射等原理进行合理的热设计,将大大提高电子设备的可靠性。本文对电子设备的热设计作了一些探讨。     

Downstream Dissipation of Storm Flow Heat Pulses: A Case Study and its Landscape‐Level Implications

Storms in urban areas route heat and other pollutants from impervious surfaces, via drainage networks, into streams with well‐described negative consequences on physical structure and biological integrity. We used heat pulses associated with urban storms as a tracer for pavement‐derived stormwater inputs, providing a conservative estimate of the frequency with which these pollutants are transported into and through protected stream reaches. Our study was conducted within a 1.5‐km reach in Durham, North Carolina, whose headwaters begin in suburban stormwater pipes before flowing through 1 km of protected, 100‐year‐old forest. We recorded heat‐pulse magnitudes and distances travelled downstream, analyzing how they varied with storm and antecedent flow conditions. We found heat pulses >1°C traveled more than 1 km downstream of urban inputs in 11 storms over one year. This best‐case management scenario of a reach within a protected forest shows that urban impacts can travel far downstream of inputs. Air temperature and flow intensity controlled heat‐pulse magnitude, while heat‐pulse size, mean flow, and total precipitation controlled dissipation distance. As temperatures and sudden storms intensify with climate change, heat‐pulse magnitude and dissipation distance will likely increase. Streams in urbanized landscapes, such as Durham municipality, where 98.9% of streams are within 1 downstream km of stormwater outfalls, will be increasingly impacted by urban stormwaters.     

An Experimental Study of Heat Pipe Performance Using Nanofluids

Heat pipe cooling is widely used in computer processors. Advances in microprocessor technology have resulted in reduced heat transfer surface area. Maintaining an efficient cooling process is therefore challenging. The main goal of this experimental study is to perform a parametric study on heat pipe performance using nanofluids. Nanofluids of 1 and 3 vol% of alumina nanoparticles of 20–50 nm diameters in deionized water versus deionized water as a base fluid were considered in the present study. The nanofluids are prepared in our laboratory using two-step method. The nanofluids thermal properties are measured to confirm the properties enhancement that could indicate a corresponding performance enhancement of the heat pipe. A 10 mm inner diameter, 200 mm long brass tube with 50 mm long evaporator, and 50 mm long water cooled condenser were used. Heat pipe wall temperature is reduced with nanofluids as is the temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser. The thermal diffusivity of the nanofluids is increased by 10%. The pipe pressure in case of deionized water was higher than the corresponding one for the nanofluids by 20–32%.     

塔西南化肥厂装置废热在供暖中的应用

塔西南化肥厂通过在合成氨装置区、尿素装置区和厂区附近新增换热器、凝结水泵等技术改造措施,将合成氨装置脱碳再生塔洗涤水和尿素装置高调水的富余热量用于厂区和生活区的冬季取暖。实践证明:化肥厂装置废热能够满足冬季厂区和石化区补充采暖需求,装置运行平稳,达到了节能降耗的目的。     

基于抑霜方法的大流量低温空气补偿换热器设计

针对气候实验室飞机发动机低温起动试验时,室外超大流量高湿度空气经过低温换热器出现的换热器表面积大量结霜现象进行研究,提出了一种能够有效抑制换热器结霜的换热器组布置方案,从而保证发动机开车试验连续进行,不因换热器大量结冰引起的换热效率快速降低而导致试验中止。     

电除尘器钢支架柔性结构的设计

介绍了电除尘器钢支架柔性结构的主要特点,通过江西九江三期发电工程2×350MW机组电除尘器的钢支架设计实例,说明柔性结构在钢支架应用中的适宜性和综合经济效益好。