天津市医疗废物集中处置设施体系建设方案

介绍了天津市医疗废物的产生、运输、处置现状,分析医疗废物处置设施体系存在的问题,参考国内外医疗废物管理经验,提出今后医疗废物集中处置设施体系建设方案     

进一步完善襄阳市医疗废物收运处置体系研究

全球正经历新冠肺炎疫情的冲击,产生了大量的医疗废物,需及时、安全对其进行无害化处置,以阻断病毒传播的途径.目前,襄阳市医疗废物收运处置体系初步建立,但仍存在短板和不足.为进一步完善襄阳市医疗废物收运处置体系,通过对医疗机构和医疗废物处置单位走访调研,在对襄阳市医疗废物的管理现状进行分析研究的基础上,着重阐述医疗废物收运...     

中国医疗废物管理现状及制度完善研究

医疗废物管理事关公共卫生安全和传染病疫情防控大局。该研究基于我国医疗废物产生及处理处置现状统计数据,结合我国医疗废物管理政策与实践,提出当前医疗废物管理主要存在的统计口径不一、信息化管理不足、自行处置配套标准缺失、无害化利用研究不足、供给与处置能力不匹配、处置设施分布不平衡等问题。最后结合疫情新形势对医疗废物处理处置影响,针对制度配套、流程衔接、落实执行、监督管理、布局优化等多方面提出相应展望。建议国家有关部门和地方多管齐下,及时更新完善现有管理制度,加大缺失配套标准研制力量的投入力度,加强输液瓶(袋)回收利用路径研究,通过实行医疗废物分类分流管理、集中处置与应急处置方式并举、城市与乡村问题同步推进、建立高效供需对接平台等方式,优化医疗废物处置设施建设布局,实现医疗废物信息化管理互联互通,完善信息统计路径,进一步统筹推进城乡医疗废物治理现代化体系建立,推动形成多方联动的信息化监管执法工作格局,坚决守牢民生安全防线。     

利用藻类养殖技术处理有机废水与人畜废物

未经处理而排放的有机废水及人畜废物会给环境造成严重污染,同时也造成了大量的资源浪费。利用藻类养殖技术处理这些废弃资源,既改善了环境又可生产出优良的藻类产品,具有巨大的社会与经济效益。本文对该领域的特点、具体应用及其前景作了较为详细的论述。     

医疗垃圾焚烧底灰重金属特性

本文对医疗垃圾焚烧底灰的重金属含量、重金属形态及其渗沥率进行了研究.结果表明:底灰重金属渗沥浓度低于危险废物规定的阈值,但底灰中Zn和Pb的碳酸盐态(F2)含量较高,仍具有一定的潜在危险性;底灰中zn和Pb的可交换态(F1)主要分布在小颗粒中,Pb的碳酸盐态(F2)基本不随颗粒度变化;Pb的渗沥率随初始pH值的增加近似呈U形变化,先降低后升高.     

天津市医疗垃圾管理信息系统设计研究

从用户需求分析、数据库结构设计、系统功能设计和用户界面设计四个方面 ,比较详细的介绍了天津市医疗垃圾管理信息系统 (MWMIS)的设计思想与设计方法及其主要功能特点。     

陶瓷膜处理废乳化液的实验

考察了在不同温度、不同浓缩倍数条件下陶瓷膜对废乳化液的处理效果及渗滤液通量变化情况。结果表明:温度为30℃时,CODCr和矿物油的截留率均达90%以上。此外还确定了膜的清洗方法,为实际应用提供基础数据。     

厌氧发酵技术在有机垃圾处理方面的应用

根据有机垃圾（可生物降解）的特点及厌氧发酵工艺过程，论述了厌氧发酵技术在有机垃圾处理方面的实际应用价值，说明运用厌氧发酵技术处理有机垃圾是实现固体废弃物资源化、减量化、无害化的新趋势。     

A Review of Waste Tyre Utilisation in the Marine Environment

Waste tyres pose a major disposal problem on land creating a fire hazard and, in warmer climates, providing breeding pools for mosquitoes. the void space in tyres makes them unsuitable for land burial. Schemes to use shredded tyres for road bases and asphalt filler are being pursued in the USA. Tyre combustion for electricity production is being investigated in the UK.

The widespread availability and durability of tyres has led to their use in the marine environment for breakwaters/coastal defence structures and as artificial reefs for promoting fisheries.

Tyres have a low density and have been used in floating breakwaters. Schemes have been proposed to protect and strengthen shorelines with tyre structures.

The void space in tyres facilitates the construction of artificial reefs to attract fish. the most intensive use is in the south west Pacific and Australia. Tyre surfaces are colonised by algae and a wide range of faunal species, including corals and shellfish. the wide acceptance of tyres as a suitable reef construction material appears to be based largely on these observations. Experience of initial poor deployment practices in the USA led to tyres washing ashore after storms and resulted in the banning or restriction of their use in coastal states of the USA. A review of the scientific literature has yielded limited information on the environmental impact of tyres and in particular the leaching of heavy metals and organic compounds from tyres into sea water.

Preliminary results of tyre dust/sea water leaching studies are presented. These identify zinc as the major leachate (totalling 10mg/tyre after 3 months). Diluted leachates have not shown significant effects of the growth of the phytoplankton Phaeodactylum and Isocrysis.

Further work to characterise the sea water leaching of tyre compounds is recommended.     

絮凝-光催化处理实际染料废水的研究

采用絮凝-光催化氧化工艺成功地处理了实际染料废水;研究了COD光催化降解动力学。COD和BOD5浓度分别为2169mg／L、295mg／L的染料废水,经絮凝-光催化处理后,出水COD和BOD5分别为214mg／L、18．5mg／L,去除率分别为90．1％、93．7％。向光催化体系中加入H2O2,可促进COD与BOD5的去除。该工艺可处理高浓度染料废水。     

A Review of Waste Tyre Utilisation in the Marine Environment

Waste tyres pose a major disposal problem on land creating a fire hazard and, in warmer climates, providing breeding pools for mosquitoes. the void space in tyres makes them unsuitable for land burial. Schemes to use shredded tyres for road bases and asphalt filler are being pursued in the USA. Tyre combustion for electricity production is being investigated in the UK.

The widespread availability and durability of tyres has led to their use in the marine environment for breakwaters/coastal defence structures and as artificial reefs for promoting fisheries.

Tyres have a low density and have been used in floating breakwaters. Schemes have been proposed to protect and strengthen shorelines with tyre structures.

The void space in tyres facilitates the construction of artificial reefs to attract fish. the most intensive use is in the south west Pacific and Australia. Tyre surfaces are colonised by algae and a wide range of faunal species, including corals and shellfish. the wide acceptance of tyres as a suitable reef construction material appears to be based largely on these observations. Experience of initial poor deployment practices in the USA led to tyres washing ashore after storms and resulted in the banning or restriction of their use in coastal states of the USA. A review of the scientific literature has yielded limited information on the environmental impact of tyres and in particular the leaching of heavy metals and organic compounds from tyres into sea water.

Preliminary results of tyre dust/sea water leaching studies are presented. These identify zinc as the major leachate (totalling 10mg/tyre after 3 months). Diluted leachates have not shown significant effects of the growth of the phytoplankton Phaeodactylum and Isocrysis.

Further work to characterise the sea water leaching of tyre compounds is recommended.     

高浓度废液纳滤膜分离工艺设计

当进行高浓度废液纳滤膜分离工艺设计时,必须首先进行纳滤膜分离工艺试验,通过工艺试验确定：纳滤膜型号,完成膜的筛选工作;确定纳滤膜分离规律、分离模型、膜污染规律。利用获得的数学关系式确定主要操作运行压力、浓缩液流量、膜面积、组件数目、膜组件排列方式、冷却循环系统设计、纳滤膜污染的预测与清洗系统设计。纳滤膜清洗系统与自控系统应该根据试验结果并考虑纳滤膜生产商提供的数据进行设计。     

废塑料处理技术进展与展望

文章介绍了解决废塑料污染的几种方法,分析了目前我国废塑料回收利用技术的现状,并介绍作者在这方面进行的一些新的研究工作：（1）使用自制的催化剂完成了聚烯烃类塑料催化热解回收燃料油的小试,获得了较好的效果;（2）通过实验对发泡聚苯乙烯热解回收苯乙烯单体的工艺流程提出了优化操作条件。根据国内外实际,文章最后对废塑料回收利用提出了几点建议。     

混凝-厌氧-好氧-气浮处理含油污水

食用植物油生产过程中排放的污水,是一种较难处理的高浓度污水。结合污水处理工程设计及工程运营情况,对该工程进行了介绍,并提出了进一步完善的建议。该工程进水（高浓度污水）主要污染物浓度为CODCr：20000～25000mg/L,BOD5：10000～15000mg/L,SS：1000～2000mg/L,经过混凝-厌氧-好氧-气浮等工序处理后,出水达到了《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-96）中的1级排放标准（1998年1月1日后）。