生物发酵舍零排放养猪技术

由福建洛东生物技术有限公司开发的生物发酵合零排放养猪技术，适用于大规模养猪企业及小规模的养猪散户。     

服务商:“懒汉养猪”成本小利润高

正合肥金佳源农牧科技有限公司是个仅有6人,在安徽最早专业推广发酵床养殖技术的小微企业。运行5年多时间,先后在滁州、阜阳、六安、宣城、淮南等地建成近10万平米的发酵床养殖基地,年产值近300万元。发酵床铺上要勤翻做保险出身的老板钱传俐告诉记者,发酵床养猪技术是上世纪70年代从日本、台湾引入的一种新型养猪技术,2008年有福建、上海、广东等10多家企业在安徽     

增加污水中挥发性脂肪酸以提高生物除磷效果的研究进展

VFA（挥发性脂肪酸）是生物除磷过程中的关键物质,并且不同VFA对生物除磷效果的影响也不相同。本文介绍了提高污水中VFA含量的几种方法,这些方法包括直接加入VFA、通过发酵污水产生VFA、发酵污水和初沉污泥产生VFA、发酵初沉污泥以及发酵初沉污泥和剩余污泥的混合物产生VFA等几种方法来提高生物除磷效率。目前国内外以发酵初沉污泥产生VFA的研究和应用较多。     

大型养猪场生物发酵舍污水零排放工程的管理

针对生物发酵零排放猪舍技术在实际应用中存在的主要问题,指出科学管理是零排放生物发酵舍技术应用的关键因素,同时要注重室外发酵床的建设和管理,注重循环利用以延长产业链,加强新技术新产品的研发。     

表面活性剂促进污泥产酸及用于生物除磷的研究进展

表面活性剂可以提高污泥发酵产生的挥发性脂肪酸的产量。经过污泥水解发酵产生的挥发性脂肪酸,既能作为生物除磷系统所需的优质碳源,使城市污水达到稳定深度除磷的要求,又减少了剩余污泥对环境的污染。将城市污水厂污泥生物转化为挥发性有机酸并用于生物除磷,丰富了污水生物处理和污泥处理与资源化等研究内容。     

清洁生产从未松懈——阜丰集团有限公司节能减排侧记

阜丰集团有限公司是一家在香港联交所主板上市的国际化生物制品公司,现拥有包括山东阜丰发酵有限公司、内蒙古阜丰生物科技有限公司在内的多家子公司：集团主要致力于生物发酵制品（氨基酸、生物多糖、生物基高分子材料、生物医药、功能糖品）的生产、销售和研发,是全球第一大谷氨酸生产商和全球第一大黄原胶生产商,其综合实力在全国同行业中稳居第一,是中国发酵行业的龙头企业。而与生产能力相匹配的正是集团的环保治理能力,其水平同样达到了行业先进标准。     

城市污水处理厂污泥制肥技术

由山西沃土生物有限公司开发、山西省环保局推荐的污泥制肥技术适用于城市生活污水处理厂。 主要技术内容:一、基本原理:依据生物发酵、复合营养及土壤健康的理论,包括:污泥软化技术,变完全絮凝为半絮凝,缓解城市生活污水污泥在絮凝过程中的不溶解缺陷;利用堆积发酵工艺,加入磷酸溶解性材料和重金     

“EMBC”污水处理法

日本发明了一种处理污水的生物工程法———“ＥＭＢＣ”工程法 ,即利用微生物的触媒功能 ,促使水中的有害成分再次发酵 ,并把有害物质变成有用的物质 ,其中的“发酵合成生物液”是这个工程法的核心。它能使目标微生物群共生、共存和共荣 ,促使培养菌高效繁殖 ,不仅能把水净化     

海南发展热带果酒酿造业的前景广阔

果酒原特指新鲜成熟葡萄的发酵产品,现在也适用于许多其它水果、蔬菜汁液发酵生产的饮料。热带水果中诸如香蕉、菠萝、芒果等富含发酵物质,特别适合酿造果酒。其中青绿香蕉果肉含淀粉20％～25％,成熟时含可发酵物质达80％以上。随着市场的发展和人民生活水平的提高,果酒由于度数低、富合营养而独具恁力。海南拥有丰富的热带水果资源,本文就海南发展热带水果果酒酿造业的前景进行了分析。1海南发展果酒前造业的前景分析海南发展果酒酿造业的潜力较大,主要表现在：①热带水果资源丰富。海南日照充足、雨量充沛,水果生产迅速。1994年海…     

污泥生物干化技术及应用前景展望

生物干化技术是在好氧发酵的基础上,利用可降解有机物分解代谢作用时产生的生物热量,通过通风、翻堆等过程控制手段,促进物料中水分快速散失,降低含水率的干化工艺。污泥生物干化过程受物料性质、温度、含水率、调理剂、通风、机械翻堆等因素的影响。与其他污泥干化技术相比,生物干化技术更经济、节能、环保且具有良好的应用和发展推广前景。     

Projected Changes in Discharge in an Agricultural Watershed in Iowa

Our improved capability to adapt to the future changes in discharge is linked to our capability to predict the magnitude or at least the direction of these changes. For the agricultural United States Midwest, too much or too little water has severe socioeconomic impacts. Here, we focus on the Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, and use a statistical approach to examine projected changes in discharge. We build on statistical models using rainfall and harvested corn and soybean acreage to explain the observed discharge variability. We then use projections of these two predictors to examine the projected discharge response. Results are based on seven global climate models part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). There is not a strong signal of change in the discharge projections under the RCP 4.5. However, the results for the RCP 8.5 point to a stronger changing signal related to larger projected increases in rainfall, resulting in increased trends, in particular, in the upper part of the discharge distribution (i.e., 60th percentile and above). Examination of two hypothetical agricultural scenarios indicates that these increasing trends could be alleviated by decreasing the extent of the agricultural production. We also discuss how the methodology presented in this study represents a viable approach to move forward with the concept of return period for engineering design and management in a nonstationary world.     

Pesticides in rain in four agricultural watersheds in the United States

Rainfall samples were collected during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at four agricultural locales across the USA in Maryland, Indiana, Nebraska, and California. The samples were analyzed for 21 insecticides, 18 herbicides, three fungicides, and 40 pesticide degradates. Data from all sites combined show that 7 of the 10 most frequently detected pesticides were herbicides, with atrazine (70%) and metolachlor (83%) detected at every site. Dacthal, acetochlor, simazine, alachlor, and pendimethalin were detected in more than 50% of the samples. Chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and diazinon were the only insecticides among the 10 most frequently detected compounds. Of the remaining pesticide parent compounds, 18 were detected in fewer than 30% of the samples, and 13 were not detected. The most frequently detected degradates were deethylatrazine; the oxygen analogs (OAs) of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and malathion; and 1-napthol (degradate of carbaryl). Deethylatrazine was detected in nearly 70% of the samples collected in Maryland, Indiana, and Nebraska but was detected only once in California. The OAs of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were detected primarily in California. Degradates of the acetanilide herbicides were rarely detected in rain, indicating that they are not formed in the atmosphere or readily volatilized from soils. Herbicides accounted for 91 to 98% of the total pesticide mass deposited by rain except in California, where insecticides accounted for 61% in 2004. The mass of pesticides deposited by rainfall was estimated to be less than 2% of the total applied in these agricultural areas.     

Investment in human capital in Africa

Summary The author analyses the problems currently faced by the African continent, recognises six factors which he believes are important in influencing the analysis, and argues that the only secure, renewable asset any country or continent has, is its people. He maintains that people development, rather than the classical economic forms of encouraging development, offers Africa a viable way forward. He then identifies a number of specific issues within such a strategy of investment in human capital.Brian Walker is the President of the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), and this address was given at the inaugural meeting of the International Year of Shelter for the Homeless, in London, on 18th April, 1985. A second, earlier, associated address was published inThe Environmentalist 5(3) 167–170.     

Environmental assessment in countries in transition: evolution in a changing context

Over the last fifteen years, Environmental Assessment systems of transitional societies of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia have undergone dramatic change from appraisals integrated into centrally planned economies to formal procedures aimed to ensure interdisciplinary analysis of environmental impacts and linked to publicly accountable decision-making. In most Central European nations, EA systems have been radically reformed to approximate the procedures used in developed countries, particularly in the European Union. In contrast, EA in most of the former Soviet republics has been reformed more gradually and is still based on the so-called State Environmental Review procedure inherited from the USSR and substantially different from 'Western' EA. About one-third of the transitional countries (in the Balkans, the Caucasus and Central Asia) have, so far, failed to establish functioning EA systems. Throughout the region, there has been a gap between EA legislation and practice, especially concerning interdisciplinary analysis of environmental impacts, public participation, and utilisation of EA findings in decision-making. A key driving force in the reform of EA systems has been the change in their societal context, the so-called 'process of transition'. Three main policy agendas--environmental protection, reforms of decision-making, and conforming to international requirements--along with the institutional context of EA regulations and practice have influenced both the change of EA systems over time and the regional variations in the patterns of their evolution. This study suggests that an effective reform of an EA system should be context-sensitive, or be 'in gear' with the political and economic transition. Future EA research should consider their changing societal contexts and focused on practical effects of applying EA procedures.     

电催化氧化处理难降解废水技术研究进展

电催化氧化处理难降解废水技术已得到了广泛关注.本文从电极材料与应用,电极结构及反应器形状,以及与其它处理方法联用等综述了最新研究进展,并在此基础上总结出了电催化氧化技术今后的发展方向.     

Community-company relations in gold mining in Ghana

As a result of Structural Adjustment Programme from the 1980s, many developing countries have experienced an increase in resource extraction activities by international and transnational corporations. The work reported here examines the perceived impacts of gold mining at the community level in the Wassa West District of Ghana, Africa and discusses those perceived impacts in the context of globalization processes and growing multinational corporate interest in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Interview data compared community members' perceptions with those of company representatives in three communities. The results indicate that communities held companies responsible for a series of economic, social, and environmental changes. While recognizing some of the benefits brought by the mines, communities felt that the companies did not live up to their responsibility to support local development. Companies responded by denying, dismissing concerns, or shifting blame. Findings from this work show that lack of engagement and action by government agencies at all levels resulted in companies acting in a surrogate governmental capacity. In such situations, managing expectations is key to community-company relations.     

Water management problems in economies in transition

Ambitious programmes of reform in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are threatened by a serious deterioration of the environment. Large-scale damage of the natural environment in many forms, including water pollution has created development barriers which adversely affect the living conditions of current and future generations. Despite similar patterns of environmental policy in the CEE countries compared with their Western counterparts, neither environmental legislation nor economic incentives have produced any significant improvement in water quality over the last 10–20 years. For that very reason in the transition period, it is necessary to identify existing deficiencies in the system and to build up a mixed system of new institutions of water management, more realistic legislation with a strong enforcement system, and market based incentives for water conservation and protection against pollution.     

Sustainability Appraisal in neighbourhood planning in England

The preparation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) inclusive sustainability appraisals (SAs) for neighbourhood plans (NPs) in England may be required when significant environmental effects are expected to arise from an NP. In this paper, we report on the result of a Ph.D. project, conducted between 2012 and 2015, in which all 15 NP SEA inclusive SAs that had been completed at the time were evaluated. In this context, the quality of SA practice was found to differ substantially. SAs were prepared either ‘in-house’ (i.e. by neighbourhood planning steering groups) or by consultants. The quality of SAs was found to be associated with their overall perceived degree of influence on the underlying NPs. Whilst the focus of this paper is on practice in England, findings are expected to be of interest to a wider international audience, in particular to those experimenting with voluntary neighbourhood/local level plan SA/SEA.     

Private participation in isolated grids in Mozambique

This article presents a case study from Mozambique of the electrification of two selected towns under a World Bank financed project. Low-cost electricity services were extended to the two isolated areas after an enabling framework had been created for private sector participation. The World Bank project also demonstrates that the private sector can be attracted to participate in rural electrification schemes even in a poor country. The example shown in this article is one of the few of its kind in SubSaharan Africa.