金湖荷花分外香

<正>苏北水乡金湖县每年一度的荷花节于本月下旬开幕。据介绍,今年已是第六届荷花节。与往年相比,今年除吟诗赏花、看风景的精神享受外,"吃"字成了压轴大戏。     

洗涤剂是怎样影响植物生长的

收集一些家里的洗涤剂,如洗发水、洗碗用的中性洗涤剂和洗衣服用的合成洗涤剂。这些洗涤用品可以很好地去污。在有条件的地方,这些洗涤剂使用之后经过水净化设备净化才排入江河湖泊,在没有净化设备的地方它们会直接流入江河湖泊。 这些有利于去污的极为方便的洗涤剂,一直作为家庭废水源源不断地流入江河湖泊是否妥当呢?洗涤剂对于植物有什么影响呢?让我们试着分别用溶有中性洗涤剂和合成洗涤剂的水浇灌嫩芽,看看结果如何。通过这样的实验来验证一下生活污水给环境带来的影响。     

“华东白洋淀”的荷花为何别样红

极目远眺纵横交错的湖面水道,碧浪翻滚的芦苇丛中,天上的大雁、水中的野鸭时而上下翻飞时而引颈高歌,好一派盎然生机。焦岗湖湿地生态系统是野生自然湿地群落之一,具有原始性、生物多样性等特点,是国家首批"农业旅游示范点"。     

引导儿童用植物净化家居空气

家居内的空气污染,是现代生活方式的一种产物,而且,这种污染的程度,会随着人们对新潮物质享受的追求而不断增加。因此,应该及早引导儿童关注身边的污染,并设法减轻它的危害,笔者按照下面的思路引导儿童认识并采取行动：讲述居室空气被有毒气体污染的调查结果并说明污染的成因和危害性;介绍具有净化空气功能的植物;传授几种植物的培植方法,将改善居所空气污染状况的愿望,变成呵护花木的实际行动;以两种植物的长势为例,说明放在居所里的花木,如果生机勃勃,就是它们净化空气功能的体现。对居所存在空气污染的调查美国国家环保局…     

怀念"黄毛丫头"

谁要是说它是一般的野草野花,那肯定是轻看它。它属季节性植物,夏开冬走,看似柔弱实则坚韧,用碎叶细茎淡花点缀着青藏高原的荒漠。至今我也不知道它的真实名字,只是记着它的雅号“黄毛丫头”。我离开它生长的那个地方45年了,不久前我的青海朋友提起它时,我才得知它已经远离我们,不知漂游到了哪个更遥远的角落。消失一个草名很容易,但是积存在心头的美好印象是再悠长的岁月也抹不掉的。奔驰在青藏高原上的汽车兵,几乎人人心里都有一个挥之不去的愿望,就是能看到爽心悦目的绿色。这种盼绿心情之强烈,绝不亚于沙漠里的跋涉者对清泉的渴望。当然…     

食人植物会吃人?

传闻一:马达加斯加的“神树”最早报道食人植物的是来自19世纪后半叶一些探险家。其中有位名叫卡尔·李奇的德探险家,一次探险归来后说:“我在非洲的马加斯加岛上,亲眼见过一种能吃人的树木,地居民把它奉为神树。曾经有一位土著妇女,为违反了部落的戒律,被驱赶着爬上神树,果树木8片带有硬刺的叶子把她紧紧包裹起,数天后树叶重新打开时,只剩下了一堆白。”从此以后,关于食人植物的传闻越来越,同时关于食人植物的报道也多了起来。猪笼草,多年生草本植物,以生有形如猪笼的捕虫囊而著称。猪笼草原生种近90种,分布于热带与亚热带的广大地区,在我…     

公园植物环境调查

公园是人们假日游玩的好地方 ,绿色植物则是装点公园景色不可缺少的。你居住的地区主要植物种类有哪些？这些植物种类及种植方式对美化公园有什么作用？什么样的公园环境才是令人感到舒适、值得欣赏的？教师可以通过组织学生对当地公园植物环境进行调查 ,教学生制作简单的植物标本 ,培养学生热爱美好环境的情感 ,增强学生爱护大自然的观念。活动１公园实地考察选择学校附近的一个公园（不宜太小） ,按照教师事先制定好的路线（年龄较大的学生可在教师指导下自行设计） ,对主要植物（乔木、灌木、草类）进行观察 ,记录植物的名字（也可从公园…     

环保是大事，也是小事

我十几岁就涉足环保,从学校到单位,再进学校,再到单位,读过环保专业,在实验室摇过瓶子,在野外采集过标本,作过研究、调查,也在国家机关管理过环境教育,算是个“老环保”了。但回想起来,唯有在近三年从事环境新闻工作中,我才对环保有了“兴趣”,接触的人和事广了,体会也更深了。     

会吃虫的植物

前言 同学们,你知道有捕食昆虫的植物吗?它们为什么吃昆虫?又怎么捕捉昆虫的?我相信你一定没有听说过吗?好了,本期“奥秘地带”这就带你去了解——具有智慧的食虫植物。     

Assessments of Wetland Functions: What They Are and What They Are Not

/ Many methods have been developed over the last two decades to provide information about wetland functions, but there has been little discussion of the models and algorithms used. Methods for generating information about wetlands were analyzed to understand their similarities, differences, and the type of information provided. Methods can first be grouped by the type of information they provide-classifications, characterizations, ratings, assessments, and evaluations. Methods that characterize, rate, or assess wetlands may generate information using one of two conceptual approaches-logic and mechanistic. Most methods that generate a numeric assessment of performance or value of wetland functions rely on the mechanistic approach to constructing models. Rapid assessment methods based on mechanistic models, however, do not assess the rates or dynamics of ecological processes occurring in wetlands. Rather, they provide a clear and concise way of organizing our current, and often subjective, knowledge about wetland functions. This is one limitation of current methods that is often misunderstood both by wetland managers and the scientific community. The advantages and limitations of the assumptions and the computational elements inherent in these approaches are discussed to provide wetland managers and regulators a better understanding of the information they are using. KEY WORDS: Wetlands; Functions; Assessment; Models; Methods     

You Are What You Eat: Genetically Modified Foods, Integrity, and Society

Thus far, the moral debateconcerning genetically modified foods (GMF) hasfocused on extrinsic consequentialist questionsabout the health effects, environmental impacts,and economic benefits of such foods. Thisextrinsic approach to the morality of GMF isdependent on unsubstantiated empirical claimsand fails to account for the intrinsic moralvalue of food and food choice and theirconnection to the agent's concept of the goodlife. I develop a set of objections to GMFgrounded in the concept of integrity andmaintain that food and food choice can beintimately connected to the agent's personalintegrity. I argue that due to the constitutionof GMF and the manner in which they areproduced, such foods are incompatible with thefundamental values and integrity of certainindividual moral agents or groups. I identifythree types of integrity that are threatened byGMF: religious, consumer, and integrity basedon certain other moral or metaphysical grounds.I maintain that these types of integrity aresufficiently important to provide justificationfor political and societal actions to protectthe interests of those affected. I conclude byproposing specific steps for handling GMFconsistent with the moral principles ofinformed consent, non-maleficence, and respectfor the integrity of all members of society.They include mandatory labeling of GMF, theimplementation of a system for control andregulations concerning such foods, andguaranteed provision of conventional foods.     

青山绿水绕江淮

风正时济,自当破浪扬帆;任重道远。更需策马扬鞭。在安徽省上下深入学习贯彻中央十七届六中全会、省第九次党代会精神之际,我们迎来了第五次安徽省农村环境保护暨生态创建工作现场会,共同总结“十一五”以来安徽省农村环境保护及生态创建工作经验,谋划“十二五”农村环境保护及生态创建工作发展大计。     

走出误区促进环保产业发展

本文通过对现今我国民众对环保产业观念上存在的几个典型误区的分析,提出了新时期我国环保产业发展的几点建议。     

秦皇岛近海有害藻华发生特征及防治对策研究简

秦皇岛近海有害藻华主要由微型及微微型藻类引起,产生的主要原因为水体营养盐,其发生时间主要集中在5～9月。结合秦皇岛地域特色,提出有害藻华的防控及应急治理需从政策、法律、机制、预案及方法等几个方面着手,建立科学的预防体系及有效的应急体系。     

Bottomfast Ice Mapping and the Measurement of Ice Thickness on Tundra Lakes Using C‐Band Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing1

Abstract: Industrial activity in Canada’s north is increasing, placing demands on the use of water from lakes to build ice roads. Winter water withdrawal from these lakes has the potential to impact overwintering fish. Removal of water from small lakes can decrease oxygen and habitat available to fish. To address this issue, a protocol has been developed by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans outlining water withdrawal thresholds. Bathymetric surveys are the traditional method to determine lake depth, but are costly given the remoteness of northern lakes. This paper investigates the use of satellite C‐band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing technology as a potential alternative or complement to traditional survey methods. Previous research has shown that a SAR can detect the transition from grounded to floating ice on lakes, or if a lake is completely frozen. Grounded ice has a dark signature while floating ice appears very bright in contrast. Similar results were observed for the datasets acquired in the study area. This suggests that lakes that freeze completely to the bottom can be identified using SAR. Such water bodies would not be viable fish overwintering habitat and can therefore be used as water sources without thresholds necessary. However, attempts to accurately calculate the depth of the ice at the grounded‐floating ice boundary using bathymetric profiles acquired in the summer and lake ice thickness measurements from a reference lake near Inuvik proved to be unreliable.     

Are bison exotic in the Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve?

The effect of past distributions of animal populations now extinct in an area from unknown causes is considered relative to their status as exotic or native in national parks. The example is the bison (Bisonbison) on the Copper and Chitina river drainages in Alaska in the USA which was introduced prior to establishment of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. The fossil record suggests that bison were present as recently as 500 years ago in Alaska. The policy of the US National Park Service to maintain natural ecosystems and restrict or eliminate exotic species raises the issue of whether this species should be treated as exotic or native.     

Soil phosphorus, management practices, and their relationship to phosphorus delivery in the Iowa Clear Lake agricultural watershed

Clear Lake is on Iowa's list of impaired water bodies because of high P concentration. This study assessed soil-test phosphorus (STP), management practices, and P loads from its agricultural watershed. Management practice histories and STP for eight basins were surveyed in 1999. Soil samples (15-cm depth) were analyzed for STP with agronomic [Bray P1 (BP), Olsen (OP), Mehlich 3 (M3P) and environmental [iron oxide-impregnated paper (FeP) and water extraction (WP)] tests. Total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in water discharge from five basins were measured during two years, and TP loads were measured for two basins. The agronomic P tests showed that 46 to 83% (depending on the test) of the area tested above optimum for crops. Correlations among tests were high for OP, M3P, and FeP (r > 0.96) and lower for BP and WP (r = 0.88-0.93). Moldboard- and chisel-plow tillage predominated (82% of the area). Applied P (mainly fertilizer) averaged 15 kg P ha(-1) yr(-1), and 40% of the high-testing area (M3P test) was being fertilized. The mean annual water TP concentration across five basins was 275 to 474 microg L(-1). The two-year mean TP loads for the two gauged basins were 1504 and 1510 g P ha(-1) yr(-1). Water TP concentration increased linearly with increasing STP. Relationships were stronger for M3P and FeP (R2 = 0.96-0.97 for annual means and 0.77-0.79 for storm-flow events) than for BP or WP (R2 = 0.88-0.91 and 0.59-0.69, respectively). Improving P and soil conservation practices in high-testing areas could reduce P loads to the lake.