唐山夏季大气VOCs污染特征及臭氧生成潜势

在唐山市区对大气环境VOCs进行样品采集,对VOCs污染特征及臭氧生成潜势进行了分析。结果表明:唐山市区VOCs主要以烷烃和芳香烃为主,分别占VOCs总质量浓度的50.3%和30.4%。烷烃和烯烃以丁烷和丙烯等组分为主,芳香烃以苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯为主。由于污染源排放强度、气象条件和光化学反应强弱的影响,VOCs浓度有明显的小时变化特征,8:00—10:00浓度最高,中午较低,且与早上相比,烯烃浓度降低比例中午最大。VOCs臭氧生成潜势敏感性组分以烯烃为主,占总VOCs臭氧生成潜势贡献的49.0%~66.8%,其主要敏感性种类为丙烯。     

典型地方炼化企业VOCs排放特征及其对二次污染生成的贡献

为研究石化行业VOCs的排放特征及其环境影响,选取山东省3家典型地方炼化企业开展样品采集和物种分析,并利用MIR(最大增量反应活性)法和SOAP(二次有机气溶胶生成潜势)法量化其对二次污染生成的贡献.结果表明,不同生产类型企业VOCs排放组成差异较大.从体积浓度来看,企业A各采样点位以芳香烃(30.4%~92.2%)为主要排放化合物;企业B排放以烷烃(15.4%~53.8%)、烯炔烃(11.4%~71.7%)和含氧VOCs(0.1%~53.8%)为主;企业C则主要排放烷烃(6.1%~95.3%)和烯炔烃(1.2%~93.1%).从合成源谱来看,企业A以芳香烃为主要化合物,乙苯、苯、苯乙烯、甲苯为高排放物种;企业B中烷烃、烯炔烃和含氧VOCs均有较高占比,1-丁烯、甲基乙基酮、反-2-丁烯、异丁烷、甲苯为主要物种;企业C则主要排放烷烃类化合物,包括异丁烷、丙烷、环戊烷.OFP(臭氧生成潜势)评估结果表明,芳香烃化合物包括乙苯、苯乙烯、苯和甲苯,其对企业A的贡献最大;企业B中,烯炔烃化合物包括1-丁烯、反-2-丁烯、异戊二烯,其OFP占比最高;企业C则以烯炔烃和烷烃为高贡献化合物,其中丙烯、异丁烷、间/对-二甲苯、顺-2-丁烯为关键活性物种.SOAP评估结果表明,各企业SOA(二次有机气溶胶)的生成均由芳香烃主导,关键活性物种为甲苯、苯乙烯、苯、间/对-二甲苯.研究显示,地方炼化企业所排的VOCs组分复杂且存在显著的工艺差异,应根据筛选出的关键活性组分制定针对性的VOCs减排策略.      

成都市工业挥发性有机物排源成分谱

选取成都市汽车制造和石油化工等典型工业行业,通过瓶采样和SUMMA罐采样及GC-MS分析方法,研究了不同生产工艺环节的挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放特征.结果表明,汽车制造各工艺环节均有各自的优势组分,其中喷漆排放以烷烃(32%)和芳香烃(35%)为主.家具制造排放特征与使用原辅料高度相关,以芳香烃(50%)和OVOCs(38%)为主.石油化工各装置区VOCs浓度范围为49～1 387μg·m~(-3),不同装置区存在较大差异,主要是由于炼油区主要产品为C_5～C_9的汽油和苯系物等,化工区则较多使用了溶剂同时生成烯烃类产品.电子制造均以OVOCs为主,占VOCs总排放的50%以上.制鞋行业排放VOCs主要由烷烃和OVOCs贡献,平均占比分别为52%和36%,与所用溶剂组分高度相关.汽车制造VOCs排放组分差异较大,主要以正十二烷和2-丁酮等为主.家具制造排放组分主要为苯乙烯、乙酸乙酯和间/对-二甲苯等,为涂料和稀释剂的典型组分.石油化工各装置区排放组分有差异,炼油区以苯乙烯等为主,化工区主要为1,3-丁二烯等,仓储区主要为C_3～C_5烷烃等,废水处理则主要为C_6～C_8烷烃等.电子制造主要组分均为乙醇和丙酮等醛酮组分.制鞋企业排放组分以C_5和C_6等烷烃为主.通过臭氧生成潜势计算比较,汽车制造和石油化工行业对臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的VOCs排放组分以烯烃和芳香烃为主,具有较高的污染源反应活性.研究表明各工业行业OVOCs排放比例(17%～96%)和对臭氧生成潜势贡献均较为显著,因此在进行VOCs排放控制时,除重点管控芳香烃和烯烃外,亦应提高对OVOCs组分的关注.     

大连市城区夏季环境空气VOCs污染特征及来源分析

利用Synspec GC955-611/811在线气相色谱仪对大连市城区2019年夏季(5～8月)大气中VOCs进行了连续监测,研究了VOCs组分浓度情况和月变化特征。结果表明,烷烃是城区大气中最丰富的VOCs物种,其他依次是芳香烃、炔烃和烯烃。5～7月大连市城区VOCs浓度整体保持稳定,8月份浓度明显升高。利用最大增量反应活性(MIR)计算了各类VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP),各组分对臭氧生成潜势贡献排名分别为烷烃、芳香烃、烯烃和炔烃,分别占比45.8%、29.3%、19.8%和5.1%。关键VOCs活性物种甲苯、异戊烷和正丁烷分别占VOCs总体积浓度的5.6%、10.7%和13.0%。利用PMF受体模型对VOCs的来源进行解析研究,2019年夏季大连市VOCs主要来源来自涂料/溶剂使用(45.1%)、机动车排放(24.0%)、油气挥发(16.1%)、液化石油气(10.7%)、天然源(4.0%)。     

基于包扎法的石化乙烯装置挥发性有机物排放特征

装置泄露是石油炼化生产过程中重要的挥发性有机物(VOCs)无组织排放源.基于动态吹扫包扎法采样和预浓缩­­-GC/MS分析方法,对我国南方某石化企业乙烯生产过程中裂解装置的压缩、分离系统及芳烃抽提装置的泄漏组件进行了VOCs排放特征研究.结果表明:烷烃(49.7%~82.4%)含量最高,其次是烯烃(3.2%~35.7%)和芳香烃(5.5%~14.4%); 2-甲基戊烷、甲基环己烷、3-甲基己烷及2,3-二甲基丁烷在整个乙烯生产中都有重要比重.乙烯和反-2-丁烯是裂解装置的重要标志,而苯和甲苯是芳烃抽提装置的重要标志;臭氧生成潜势主要来自于烯烃,尤其是乙烯的贡献率最大,占总烯烃贡献的47.0%~73.0%.参考美国环保局推荐的Method-21,计算了轻液介质阀门的排放速率,获得其泄露排放速率与泄露浓度之间的定量关系为y=3×10^-7x^0.993(R²=0.788).     

深圳大气VOCs浓度的变化特征与化学反应活性

对深圳2010年4个季节大气中VOCs进行了监测,研究了VOCs组分、季节变化和日变化特征.结果表明,烷烃是大气中含量最丰富的VOCs物种,占总VOCs的50%以上,其他依次是芳香烃和烯烃.总VOCs浓度季节变化表现为冬季最高和夏季最低,日变化特征则表现为夜晚浓度高、白天浓度低,峰值出现在早晨7:00左右,最低值则出现在下午14:00.通过VOCs物种间的比值特征分析了部分物种的来源,结果显示,反式-2-丁烯和顺式-2-丁烯主要来源于机动车尾气,甲苯和正己烷则受到了溶剂挥发的影响.利用最大增量反应活性(MIR)计算了各类VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP),大气各类VOCs的OFP芳香烃最高、其次为烯烃,烷烃最低,甲苯、间,对-二甲苯和乙烯对臭氧生成的贡献在VOCs物种中排名前3.     

上海市城区春节和“五一”节期间大气挥发性有机物的组成特征

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是对流层臭氧和二次有机气溶胶等二次污染生成过程的关键前体物.研究VOCs的浓度水平、组成特征和反应活性对揭示复合型大气污染的形成机制具有重要意义.本研究利用在线气相-氢离子火焰法测量了2009年春节和"五一"节期间上海市城区大气中56种VOCs.结果表明,上海市城区大气受机动车尾气排放源影响明显,VOCs浓度日变化特征呈双峰状,与上下班交通高峰基本吻合.大气中VOCs平均体积分数为(28.39±18.35)×10-9;各组分百分含量依次为:烷烃46.6%,芳香烃27.0%,烯烃15.1%,乙炔11.2%.用OH消耗速率和臭氧生成潜势(OFP)评估了VOCs大气化学反应活性,结果表明,上海市城区大气VOCs化学反应活性与VOCs体积浓度相关性良好;VOCs活性与乙烯相当,平均化学反应活性较强;OH消耗速率贡献最大的物种是烯烃51.2%和芳香烃31.8%;OFP贡献最大的物种是芳香烃53.4%和烯烃30.2%;对臭氧生成贡献最大的关键活性物种为丙烯、乙烯、甲苯、二甲苯以及丁烯类物质.     

天津市夏季不同臭氧浓度级别VOCs特征及来源

为深入了解挥发性有机物（VOCs）对臭氧（O₃）污染的影响,基于2019年夏季天津市O₃和VOCs高时间分辨率在线监测数据,对不同O₃浓度级别VOCs污染特征及来源进行分析.结果表明,2019年夏季天津市O₃浓度为优、良、轻度污染和中度污染时,VOCs浓度分别为32.94、38.10、42.41和47.12μg·m^-3.VOCs组分中烷烃、烯烃、炔烃和芳香烃浓度占比分别为61.72%~63.36%、14.96%~15.51%、2.73%~4.13%和18.53%~19.10%,其中烷烃在O₃浓度为良和轻度污染时占比略高,烯烃和炔烃在O₃浓度为优时占比最高,芳香烃在O₃浓度为中度污染时占比最高.浓度较高的VOCs物种主要为丙烷、乙烷、乙烯、甲苯、正丁烷、异戊烷、间/对-二甲苯、丙烯、乙炔、正己烷、异丁烷、苯、正戊烷、异戊二烯和1,2,3-三甲苯,其中异戊烷、正戊烷、苯、乙烯、丙烯、正丁烷和异丁烷浓度贡献随O₃浓度级别上升逐步增加,异戊二烯和1,2,3-三甲苯浓度贡献在轻中度污染时明显升高.烯烃和芳香烃对臭氧生成潜势（OFP）贡献较高,随着O₃浓度级别上升,烯烃对OFP贡献下降,芳香烃贡献上升.乙烯、丙烯、间/对-二甲苯、1,2,3-三甲苯、甲苯、异戊二烯、反-2-丁烯和顺-2-戊烯是影响臭氧生成的关键物种,其中1,2,3-三甲苯、异戊二烯、丙烯和乙烯对OFP的贡献比例在O₃为轻中度污染时明显增加.源解析结果显示,机动车排放源、溶剂使用源、LPG/汽油挥发源、燃烧源、石化工业排放源、天然源和其他工艺过程源是天津市夏季VOCs主要来源,随着O₃浓度级别上升,机动车排放源、LPG/汽油挥发源、石化工业排放源和天然源贡献逐渐增加,燃烧源和其他工艺过程源贡献总体下降,溶剂使用源贡献在轻中度污染时有所下降.     

南阳市冬春交替期大气VOCs污染特征及来源解析

近年来我国中部地区臭氧污染问题日益凸显,而挥发性有机物(VOCs)作为近地面臭氧生成的关键前体物,有关其来源研究相较于我国东部地区相对欠缺.为了解我国中部地区VOCs污染特征及其来源,本研究于2017年2—3月在豫鄂陕三省交界处的河南省南阳市南阳理工学院站点开展了为期1个月的VOCs在线监测.测量结果显示,观测期间总VOCs平均浓度为(37.4±18.5)×10~(-9).与国内外已有研究的VOCs测量结果相比,本研究中烷烃、烯烃和炔烃的浓度处于中等偏上水平,而芳香烃浓度则较低.烯烃对臭氧潜势的贡献最高(37%),其次是芳香烃(28%).乙烯、二甲苯、甲苯、丙烯和C4~C5烷烃是最重要的活性组分.利用正交矩阵因子分析(PMF)解析出4个因子,分别是天然气/液化石油气使用+背景、交通排放、溶剂涂料使用和燃煤+生物质燃烧.观测期间南阳理工学院站点对VOCs浓度贡献最高的是燃煤+生物质燃烧因子,平均贡献率为35%,其次是交通排放因子(25%)、天然气/LPG使用+背景(23%)和溶剂涂料使用(17%).研究结果对于认识我国中部地区VOCs来源结构,进而开展VOCs和臭氧防治具有重要意义.     

烟台市大气VOCs污染特征及臭氧生成潜势分析

该文以2020年5-10月烟台市117种VOCs监测数据为基础,对烟台市VOCs污染特征、臭氧生成潜势及污染来源进行分析。研究表明:烟台市VOCs平均体积分数为27.70×10~(-9)(75.43μg/m~3),VOCs体积分数月际波动较小,在25.61×10~(-9)～30.54×10~(-9)之间。烟台市VOCs化学组成由高到低排序,依次为烷烃OVOCs卤代烃芳香烃烯烃炔烃有机硫,其中烷烃和OVOCs比重最大,二者之和占总VOCs的68.5%;VOCs体积分数最高的3种组分依次为甲醛、丙烷、丙酮。烟台市VOCs组分的总OFP值为177.41μg/m~3,臭氧生成潜势量表现为OVOCs芳香烃烯烃烷烃炔烃卤代烃有机硫,OFP值排名前3的组分分别是甲醛、乙醛、甲苯。烟台市大气中芳香烃主要受机动车排放影响,同时工业排放影响也不可忽略;羰基化合物主要受机动车尾气和人为源影响。     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.     

Impact of atrazine and nitrogen fertilizers on the sorption of chlorotoluron in soil and model sorbents

Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.     

Potential of plant polyphenol oxidases in the decolorization and removal of textile and non-textile dyes

In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.     

Effects of two sludge application on fractionation and phytotoxicity of zinc and copper in the soil

The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

Removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge by low costing chemical method and recycling in agriculture

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Isolation and preliminary characterization of a 3-chlorobenzoate degrading bacteria

A study was conducted to compare the diversity of 2-, 3-, and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders in two pristine soils and one contaminated sewage sludge. These samples contained strikingly different populations of mono-chlorobenzoate degraders. Although fewer cultures were isolated in the uncontaminated soils than contaminated one, the ability of microbial populations to mineralize chlorobenzoate was widespread. The 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders were more diverse than the 2-chlorobenzoate degraders. One of the strains isolated from the sewage sludge was obtained. Based on its phenotype, chemotaxonomic properties and 16S rRNA gene, the organism S-7 was classified as Rhodococcus erythropolis. The strain can grow at temperature from 4 to 37℃. It can utilize several （halo）aromatic compounds. Moreover, strain S-7 can grow and use 3-chlorobenzoate as sole carbon source in a temperatures range of 10-30℃ with stoichiometric release of chloride ions. The psychrotolerant ability was significant for bioremediation in low temperature regions. Catechol and chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase activities were present in cell free extracts of the strain, but no （chloro）catechol 2,3- dioxygenase activities was detected. Spectral conversion assays with extracts from R. erythropolis S-7 showed accumulation of a compound with a similar UV spectrum as chloro-cis,cis-muconate from 3-chlorobenzoate. On the basis of these results, we proposed that S-7 degraded 3-chlorobenzoate through the modified ortho-cleave pathway.     

Single and joint effects of pesticides and mercury on soil urease

The influence of two pesticides including chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan and mercury （Hg） on urease activity in 4 soils （meadow burozem and phaeozem） was investigated. The soils were exposed to various concentrations of the two pesticides and Hg individually and simultaneously. Results showed that there was a close relationship between urease activity and organic matter content in soil. Chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan could both activate urease in the 4 soils. The maximum increment of urease activity by chlorimuronethyl was up to 14%-18%. There was almost an equal increase （up to 13%-21%） in the urease activity by furadan. On the contrary, Hg markedly inhibited soil urease activity. A logarithmic equation was used to describe the relationship （P〈0.05） between the concentration of Hg and the activity of soil urease in the 4 tested soils. Semi-effect dose （ED50） values by the stress of Hg based on the inhibition of soil urease in the 4 soils were 88, 5.5, 24 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, according to the calculation of the corresponding equations. The interactive effect of chlorimuron-ethyl or furadan with metal Hg on soil urease was mainly synergic at the highest tested concentrations.