燃煤电厂锅炉烟道气中多环芳烃的测定

介绍采用过滤、冷凝、吸附剂吸附三级串联的采样装置采集锅炉烟道气中多环芳烃和用超声提取、浓缩器浓缩、高压液相色谱分离、紫外-萤光检测器串联检测的实验方法。此法简单易行，适合于现场应用。     

淮南市燃煤电厂粉煤灰中多环芳烃的研究现状分析

以淮南市粉煤灰为研究对象,分析了影响粉煤灰中多环芳烃(PAHs)含量的因素、PAHs样品的纯化及测定技术,为进一步的研究打下基础.     

多环芳烃污染土壤的微生物修复技术

对生物修复技术中的微生物进行了分类,并阐述了微生物生物降解土壤中多环芳烃（PAHs）的基本原理。在此基础上,分析了国内外微生物生物修复技术的发展概况,采用图示法重点综述了原位处理技术和非原位处理技术的工艺流程,并列举了相应的工程应用实例。     

火电厂排烟中颗粒物及多环芳烃的研究

对某火电厂电除尘器前后烟气中颗粒物的形貌、粒径分布及多环芳烃(PAHs)在颗粒物、烟气气相及原煤中的含量进行了研究.结果表明,颗粒物主要呈圆球形,主要成分为Al2O3和SiO2,除尘器前颗粒粒径主要分布在5～10 μm之间,其后以5 μm以下为主;电除尘器对大颗粒有较好的收尘效果,而对小于5 μm颗粒的收尘效果较差;低环PAHs在气相中的含量均高于颗粒物中的含量;电除尘器对PAHs的平均脱除率能达到89.74%,对4环和6环PAHs的脱除率高于90%.     

生物泥浆技术修复多环芳烃污染土壤研究进展

生物泥浆技术作为一种污染土壤生物修复技术,具有修复效率高、修复时间短及修复成本低等优点。本文介绍了生物泥浆修复设备的结构及修复工艺流程,例举了生物泥浆技术修复多环芳烃（PAHs）污染土壤的典型案例,探讨了生物泥浆技术修复PAHs污染土壤效果的主要影响因素：PAHs理化性质、PAHs污染浓度和污染时间、微生物、泥浆水土比、电子受体、传质过程等。展望了生物泥浆技术未来的发展方向：通过分子生物学工具监控、调节生物修复,促进泥浆内部微生物群落活动,有针对性地提高微生物对PAHs的修复能力。     

燃煤电厂SCR烟气脱硝技术的研究

选择性催化还原(SCR)技术是目前燃煤电厂应用最多且最成熟的烟气脱硝技术.介绍了SCR烟气脱硝技术的化学反应机理、工艺流程等,重点对影响SCR法脱硝效率的多种因素进行了深入分析,并对SCR技术的未来研究方向进行了展望.     

燃煤锅炉烟气中NOx生成机理及脱除技术

自40年代美国洛杉矶市发生化学烟雾以来，世界上一些大城市也发生了光化学烟雾。我国在70年代末兰州西固地区也出现了光化学烟雾汽车排放的大量尾气是造成光化学烟雾的祸首，锅炉烟气也是重要的影响因素之一。各煤矿建立大型坑口电站，排放的SO2和NOx在煤矿周围易形成酸雨，破坏生态环境。更有甚者，如果电站周围地理位置和气候条件具备，极易出现硫酸烟雾和光化学烟雾事件。目前国内外对SO2的控制和治理做的工作较多，工艺也较成熟，而NOx的治理则显得落后。     

高压液相色谱法测定水中多环芳烃

本文讨论了用Seppak-C_(18)小柱(Waters.Co.)对水中痕量多环芳烃进行富集、洗脱的最佳实验条件,确定了用Zorbaxods柱分离PAH的色谱操作条件。应用紫外(250nm)和荧光(Ex/Em=295nm/427nm)检测器串联的检测系统,大大提高了PAH的检测下限。该方法用于实际水样的测定,其实验结果与用环巴烷萃取法测定结果基本相符。     

多环芳烃污染土壤修复技术的研究进展

多环芳烃是一种强疏水性有机污染物.土壤是多环芳烃积累富集的主要场所.多环芳烃污染会对生态环境与人体健康造成严重影响.针对多环芳烃污染土壤的修复问题,本文介绍了溶剂萃取、化学氧化、热处理、生物修复和联合修复技术的研究进展,总结了每种修复技术自身的特点、优势和局限性.指出,绿色可持续的生物修复技术以及多种土壤修复技术的整合...     

我国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫示范工程—燃煤电厂烟气脱硫技术与经验专述之四

介绍了我国燃煤电厂烟气脱硫示范工程的工艺原理、特点、应用状况及投资、运行费用。     

吸附剂控制单质汞的研究

总结了燃煤烟气中汞污染控制的技术原理、技术特点、研究现状及进展情况，对比了烟气中较难脱除的单质汞（Hg^0）污染控制技术的优缺点，概述了烟气中单质汞脱除方法，展望了矿石类（沸石，蛭石等）吸附剂在烟气汞吸附脱除中的应用潜力，提出了对燃煤烟气中单质汞吸附净化的研究思路。     

Characterisation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in flue gas and residues of a full scale fluidized bed combustor combusting non-hazardous industrial waste

This paper studies the fate of PAHs in full scale incinerators by analysing the concentration of the 16 EPA-PAHs in both the input waste and all the outputs of a full scale Fluidized Bed Combustor (FBC). Of the analysed waste inputs i.e. Waste Water Treatment (WWT) sludge, Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR), RDF and ASR were the main PAH sources, with phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene being the most important PAHs. In the flue gas sampled at the stack, naphthalene was the only predominant PAH, indicating that the PAHs in FBC’s combustion gas were newly formed and did not remain from the input waste. Of the other outputs, the boiler and fly ash contained no detectable levels of PAHs, whereas the flue gas cleaning residue contained only low concentrations of naphthalene, probably adsorbed from the flue gas. The PAH fingerprint of the bottom ash corresponded rather well to the PAH fingerprint of the RDF and ASR, indicating that the PAHs in this output, in contrast to the other outputs, were mainly remainders from the PAHs in the waste inputs. A PAH mass balance showed that the total PAH input/output ratio of the FBC ranged from about 100 to about 2600 depending on the waste input composition and the obtained combustion conditions. In all cases, the FBC was clearly a net PAH sink.     

Availability and leaching of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Controlling processes and comparison of testing methods

We have studied the availability and leaching of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from two contaminated materials, a tar-containing asphalt granulate (Sigma16 US-EPA PAHs 3412mg/kg) and gasworks soil (SigmaPAHs 900mg/kg), by comparing results from three typical types of leaching tests: a column, sequential batch, and two different availability tests. The sequential batch test was found to largely resemble the column test. However, the leaching of particularly the larger PAHs (>5 aromatic rings) was found to be enhanced in the batch test by up to an order of magnitude, probably due to their association with large DOC (dissolved organic carbon) molecules generated by the vigorous mixing. The release of PAHs in the two availability tests, in which the leaching is facilitated by either a high concentration of DOC or Tenax resin, was similar, although the latter test was easier to perform and yielded more repeatable results. The availability was much higher than the amount leached in the column and sequential batch tests. However, biodegradation had apparently occurred in the column test and the total amount of PAHs released by either leaching or biodegradation, 9% and 26% for asphalt granulate and gasworks soil, respectively, did equal the amount leached in the availability tests. Therefore, the availability was found to provide a relevant measure of the PAH fraction that can be released from the solid phase. These results stress the importance of using the available instead of the total amount of contaminant in the risk analysis of solid materials in utilization or disposal.     

Contributions of common sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to soil contamination

Asphalt products, particularly sealants, are prepared using petroleum products that contain a com‐plex mixture of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Clearly, these products are ubiquitous in urban environments, which raises an issue regard‐ing the potential for PAHs to be transported from parking lots to underlying or adjacent soil, surface‐water bodies, or groundwater. Based on a literature review, there are limited studies focus‐ing on this issue; however, the studies that have been published have fascinating conclusions. The literature shows, as expected, that asphalt‐based products contain PAHs. The highest PAH concen‐trations are present in asphalt sealants, particularly those manufactured using coal tar. Furthermore, due to the low solubility and high partition coefficients of PAHs, the potential for PAHs to leach from asphalt surfaces is negligible, which has been confirmed by leachability studies. Thus, there is little risk that PAHs will be present in stormwater runoff or leach into groundwater from asphalt‐paved areas in a dissolved form. However, asphalt pavement and sealants produce particulate matter that can contain concentrations of PAHs in the sub‐percent range (100s to 1,000s mg/kg total PAHs) that is transported in stormwater runoff. Some studies show that this can cause soil and sediment con‐tamination with total PAH concentrations in the range of 1 to 10 mg/kg. From a remediation per‐spective, many site cleanups are conducted to remediate the presence of PAHs to cleanup goals below 1 mg/kg or, in some cases, 0.1 mg/kg or lower. From a total risk perspective, remediating sites to low PAH cleanup goals may be unwarranted in light of the risk of transportable PAHs produced from paved parking surfaces. In other words, is it reasonable to conduct a cleanup to remediate low PAH concentrations and then redevelop the area with asphalt pavement and sealant, which may pose a greater PAH‐related risk? © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

燃煤烟气中CO_2脱除方法的分析与探讨

作为主要的温室气体,CO2减排问题引起全球范围的广泛关注。阐述了燃煤烟气中CO2脱除的多种方法,分析比较了CO2的吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法等的特点及各自的优缺点,侧重介绍了有机胺和氨水脱除的技术进展,并介绍了氨水烟气脱碳的部分试验结果。     

烟气多污染物系统一体化控制技术的研究

简要论述了燃煤烟气多污染物一体化控制技术,重点研究了系统一体化控制技术,采用该技术可以在燃煤电厂现有烟气治理装置基础上实现节能降耗。分析多污染物系统一体化控制技术方案,包括技术路线图、全流程模拟和DCS集成联锁及智能化控制,并介绍了系统一体化控制技术在贵州某电厂2×660 MW机组的示范应用。     

Literature overview: Microbial metabolism of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs) increase in hydrophobicity with increases in their molecular weight and ring angularity. Microbial strategies to deal with PAH hydrophobicity include biofilm formation, enzyme induction, and biosurfactants, the effect of which is variable on PAH metabolism depending on the surfactant type and concentration, substrate, and microbial strain(s). Aerobic HMW PAH metabolism proceeds via mineralization, partial degradation, and cometabolic transformations. Generally, bacteria and nonlignolytic fungi metabolize PAHs via initial PAH ring oxidation by dioxygenases to form cis‐dihydrodiols, which are transformed to catechol compounds by dehydrogenases and other mono‐ and dioxygenases to substituted catechol and noncatechol compounds, all ortho‐ or metacleaved and further oxidized to simpler compounds. However, lignolytic fungi form quinones and acids to CO₂. This review discusses the pathways for HMW PAH microbial metabolism. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Experimental research on emission and removal of dioxins in flue gas from a co-combustion of MSW and coal incinerator

This paper describes the experimental study of dioxins removal from flue gas from a co-combustion municipal solid waste and coal incinerator by means of a fluidized absorption tower and a fabric filter. A test rig has been set up. The flow rate of flue gas of the test rig is 150-2000 m3/h. The system was composed of a humidification and cooling system, an absorption tower, a demister, a slurry make-up tank, a desilter, a fabric filter and a measurement system. The total height of the absorption tower was 6.5m, and the diameter of the reactor pool was 1.2 m. When the absorbent was 1% limestone slurry, the recirculation ratio was 3, the jet rate was 5-15 m/s and the submerged depth of the bubbling pipe under the slurry was 0.14 m, the removal efficiency for dioxins was 99.35%. The concentration of dioxins in the treated flue gas was 0.1573 x 10(-13)kg/Nm3 and the concentration of oxygen was 11%. This concentration is comparable to the emission standards of other developed countries.