凹凸棒粘土的产品开发与利用

凹凸棒粘土是一种自然界较稀少、性能独特、用途广泛的非金属矿产.凹凸棒粘土流变性良好,具有独特的胶体性能,是理想的无机胶凝材料,其表面物理化学结构及离子状态使其具有良好的吸附性能.凹凸棒粘土具有载体功能,可作为催化剂的载体,同时还可作为缓释肥料和农药的载体.凹凸棒粘土表面有结构残基、表面羟基使其具有补强性能,在石油、化工、食品、环保、农药、医药、建材等领域得到了广泛的应用.利用我国凹凸棒土资源丰富的特点,加快技术创新,使我国凹凸棒粘土工业跻身于世界先进之列.     

潍坊莱州湾沿岸地下卤水资源及其开发利用

山东盐业是我国四大海盐产区之一,是全国原盐、盐化工和盐业海水养殖的重要基地。山东原盐生产主要集中在潍坊莱州湾沿岸地区,其原盐生产能力约占全国的1/7。这一地区卤水资源主要分布于潍坊地区的寿光县、寒亭区,昌邑县的北部滨海地区,东起胶莱河,西至小清河,海岸线长113km,总面积1177cm~2。     

秸秆的污染治理及其综合利用

我国有丰富的农作物秸秆资源,然而秸秆资源在我国的利用率很低,大多被焚烧,造成严重的资源浪费和环境污染,成为一大公害问题。本文提出治理秸秆污染的根本途径和秸秆综合利用的几种方式。     

中国科技人才资源区域差异与类型

中国科技人才资源的地区和部门分布具有明显的区域差异.在三大地带间、地区内和各省市间差异程度不同且有扩大趋势,在三个重要部门中配置也表现出明显的地域差异.根据科技人才资源赋存状况及部门配置的区位熵值,将各省市区分成5种类型:科技人才资源高度型、中高度型、中度型、中低度型、低度型,这些区域类型与我国的区域经济发展格局相适应.     

难溶性钾矿资源的开发利用

本文根据我国钾肥紧缺和天然难溶性钾矿资源状况,论述了几种主要难溶性钾矿资源的开发利用途径、方法和工艺,以阐明我国难溶性钾肥资源开发利用的可行性和重要性     

川西地区压裂返排液破胶处理工艺研究

油田压裂返排液是油气田开发中产生的一种复杂的多项分散稳定体系,需进行破胶预处理后才能进行下一步处理。文章以川西地区压裂返排液为研究对象,选用次氯酸钠（NaCIO）、过氧化氢（H2O3）、高锰酸钾（KMnO4）为破胶剂进行化氧化破胶剂实验研究,结果表明：高锰酸钾（KMnO4）的破胶效果最好,工艺条件简单,运输、保存方便。COD去除率达77％以上,破胶后水色最好。     

我国药用植物资源概况与植物学理论的应用

一、药用植物资源概况我国植物资源十分丰富。据估计仅被子植物就有30000种左右,居世界第三位(马来西亚45000种,巴西40000种);而药用植物种类繁多,是我国植物资源的特点之一。据我们粗略估计,我国药用植物有5000—6000种(表1—2),其中有中药植物500—700种,其余皆为民间药(草药)和少量原料药。从     

含油污泥不同调剖方式可行性评价

针对采油厂在原油脱水和污水处理过程中产生的含油污泥处理难题,选取两种有代表性的样品A含油污泥、B油土开展含油污泥不同调剖方式可行性研究。以含油污泥为原料,考察了其在水中、聚合物HPAM中的分散性,进行了室内悬浮性能评定实验,得出两种样品形成悬浮体系的最佳配比;同时对两种样品进行了成胶实验。发现热处理后的B油土在HPAM中的分散性优于A含油污泥。A含油污泥可以采用HPAM携带直接注入的回注方式;B油土采用合适交联剂,成胶后可以均匀分散在凝胶体系中,可用于注水井调剖。     

甲醛的危害与防治

甲醛是一种无色、有强烈刺激性气味的气体。其沸点低,易挥发,浓度在35％-40％的甲醛水溶液通称福尔马林,能与蛋白质结合,医学上常用作防腐剂。甲醛因其化学反应强烈,价格低廉,100年前就广泛用于工业生产,是制造合成树脂、油漆、塑料以及人造纤维的原料,是人造板工业制造使用的粘合剂（脲醛树脂胶、三聚氰氨脂胶和酚醛树脂胶）的重要原料。     

海洋药用鱼类资源的开发与利用

介绍了100多种海洋药用鱼类资源的名称、在我国的分布、药用部位、主治疾病等,同时讨论了它们的特点和利用途径,为合理利用海洋药用鱼类资源提供了重要的依据。     

Methodology of industry scale analysis under the constraint of regional resource capacity using HSY algorithm

This paper develops a methodology of proper scale analysis for regional industry development, which can be used in industry planning with the consideration of regional resource capacities. In the face of different data sources and even data scarcity, alternative methods based on linear programming and quadratic programming algorithms for calculating the resource intensity factors are designed. Based on the empirical study of industrialization, initial scenarios of industry development were set. Using HSY algorithm, sensitive industries that may cause exceeding regional resource capacity can be identified, and the risk of exceeding can be predicted and expressed in probability. Furthermore, a proper scale range can be designed for these sensitive industries according to resource capacity. Taking the case of Dalian city in China, this paper estimated the regional urban development plan, various resources capacities were studied, and land resources were estimated to be the most critical resource for the city. The land resource depletion intensities of different industries are calculated by quadratic programming algorithm. Under the constraint of 427.56 km² available industrial land resources, the electronic and power industries have the most significant impact on total land use, if the scale of power industry exceeds 1.27 billion USD, the probability of land resource capacity breakthrough will be 50%.     

新疆煤化工产业开发中的环保问题分析

新疆是国家拟规划的煤化工产业基地之一,也是自治区重点发展的产业之一,目前投资开发力度很大。煤化工产业耗水量大,与石油和天然气路线比较,工艺过程复杂多变、污染物成分复杂、污染物排放量及环境影响较大。在新疆发展煤化工产业的过程中要量水而行,注意煤水资源匹配,杜绝缺水地盲目发展煤化工产业的苗头;采用先进工艺、清洁生产及循环经济理念,提高煤炭及副产物利用率,减少生产过程中的污染物排放;应充分关注配套污染治理技术的研究开发,做到污染治理技术与生产技术同步发展。     

Rare earth elements in China: Policies and narratives of reinventing an industry

After top producer China decided in 2010 to tighten its export quotas for rare earth elements (REE), major customers feared being cut off from the valuable metals. The trade dispute intensified when the EU, the USA, and Japan brought the case before the WTO. The export controls raise questions about China’s intentions and strategies. This article argues that China’s export policy should not be viewed in isolation. The export controls are embedded in a greater transformation of the strategic REE industry. Beijing promotes a broad set of policies, including industry reorganization, resource conservation, and environmental protection. Next, the article examines three narratives that may be constitutive of the Chinese policy. Findings indicate that the geopolitical narrative, which sees natural resources as instruments of power politics, can be only partly attributed to China’s REE policies. The major driving motives are domestic concerns for resource conservation and environmental protection, as well as the development of competitive downstream industries.     

西南旅游资源开发初探

本文分析了西南地区旅游资源的现状,探讨了西南旅游资源的分区,并结合我国当前大力发展第三产业的要求,提出了开发西南旅游资源的对策。     

论我国环保产业的技术创新

我国环保产业在技术创新方面面临创新动力不足、研究与发展水平低下、产业创新能力不足、创新智力资源短缺、创造服务体系不完善和风险投资机制不健全等问题。     

我国废弃资源和废旧材料回收加工业发展探讨

近年来,作为我国工业经济的一支新军—废弃资源和废旧材料回收加工业正在持续快速发展,私营工业企业是该行业的主力军。《循环经济促进法》和相关政策法规的进一步实施,为该行业注入了新的生机活力,加快自主创新,提高资源综合利用水平,是该行业发展的主流。     

入世带来的环境压力及其对策探讨

入世给我国带来了一定的环境压力,主要表现在资源消耗、污染进口和产业冲击三方面.外商投资增长及外国人入境消费可能引起资源过度消耗,环境风险较大的项目和危险废弃物也可能乘机而入.受国外环保产业和环保服务业的冲击,我国相关产业面临严峻挑战.现阶段,我国的法规标准和公众意识是影响入世所带来的环境压力的两个重要因素.缓解环境压力的举措需要遵循两个原则:制度改革和管理改革结合的原则;短期措施和长期战略结合的原则.     

基于生态文明建设的滨海旅游低碳转型研究

滨海旅游作为我国海洋经济的龙头产业,在产业规模快速发展和产业地位稳步提升的同时,面临着日趋严重的资源环境约束问题.基于生态文明理念与滨海旅游转型发展的作用关系,阐述了生态文明建设与滨海旅游发展方式转变的内在关联,探讨了我国沿海地区旅游碳排放量现状特征和发展水平,提出生态文明理念下我国滨海旅游产业低碳化转型发展的对策建议.     

Feedlot Biomass Co-firing: A Renewable Energy Alternative for Coal-fired Utilities

The swiftly growing feedlot industry in the United States upshots in the production of manure from one or more animal species in excess of what can safely be applied to farmland, in accordance with nutrient management plans. Disposal of the vast quantity of manure produced as a by-product of the cattle feeding industry is one of the major operating tasks of the industry. Aside from the traditional means of disposal as fertilizer, an alternative and attractive way of overcoming this threat is to develop processes that make use of manure as an energy resource. In the present study, the feasibility of using manure as a fuel in existing coal fired power plants is considered and appropriately termed Feedlot Biomass (FB). The technology of co-firing coal: feedlot biomass facilitates an environment friendly utilization of animal waste for the production of valuable power/steam concurrently addressing the renewable energy, groundwater contamination, and greenhouse gas concerns. Co-firing tests were performed at the Texas A&M University 30 kW_t (100,000 Btu/h) laboratory-scale facility. The trials revealed the enhanced combustion of the blends. The NO emissions were less for the blend even with higher nitrogen content of FB, as compared to coal.     

云南鲤属鱼类及种质资源保存

云南野生鲤鱼种类为全国之冠。过去在渔业生产中,它们的产量曾占一定比重;现在种群数量普遍减少,亟待保护。文中讨论了种质资源保存的意义和应采取的措施。