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Amniotic fluid cells from normal and abnormal fetuses (neural tube defects and abdominal wall lesions) were examined uncultured and after short-term culture for macrophages. Morphology, adherence, phagocytosis, presence of Fc receptors and non-specific esterase were studied. The existence of macrophages in normal and abnormal fluids was confirmed, although the percentage and the absolute numbers varied greatly from specimen to specimen. The most marked increases in total macrophages were in cases of anencephaly. The significance of these macrophages and their value in prenatal diagnosis are discussed. 相似文献
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以SH-SY5Y和PC12细胞为实验模型,深入探讨了代森锰(Maneb)及其代谢产物对多巴胺能神经细胞的毒性影响与机制.结果表明,Maneb的有机部分和金属离子成分单独暴露不具有明显的毒性作用,联合暴露具有协同效应,且对细胞活性的抑制程度与同一浓度水平的Maneb相当,其原因与诱导活性氧自由基生成、细胞凋亡相关.此外,蛋白免疫印迹法发现,Maneb下调Bcl-2的表达、上调Bax、细胞色素C的水平,同时激活Caspase-3,提示线粒体凋亡途径在Maneb诱导多巴胺能神经细胞凋亡过程中的重要作用. 相似文献
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Cultured amniotic fluid cells from four anencephalic pregnancies were characterized in indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) microscopy using specific antibodies against different types of cytoskeletal intermediate filaments. Most of the cells showed a fine fibrillar cytoplasmic fluorescence with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA), indicating that amniotic fluid cells in anencephalic pregnancies are of glial origin. The GFA-positive cells were rapidly adhering and proliferating. They remained as the major cell type also in long term cultures, and could easily be recovered from liquid nitrogen without losing their GFA positivity. GFA-positive cells were pleomorphic in appearance, and occurred in several morphologically different shapes. Amniotic fluid from one of the anencephalic cases contained typical neuronal cells, which in IIF were GFA-negative but could specifically be stained with anti-neurofilament antibodies. Most of the GFA-negative cells in all the cases were fibroblasts, identified by their fluorescence only with antibodies against vimentin. Epithelial cells showing positive keratin-fluorescence in IIF, were seen only occasionally. 相似文献
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Xiaoyi Wang Wei Shi Jiang Wu Yingqun Hao Guanjiu Hu Hongling Liu Xiaodong Han Hongxia Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(2)
Water pollution of the Yangtze River in China became one of challenges that the government is facing today. Increasing numbers of petrochemical plants were built along the river in past decades, and numbers of organic chemicals were discharged into the river. Our goal was to establish in vitro system on rat sertoli cells, spermatogenic cells and leydig cells to investigate the reproductive toxicity potential induced by organic extracts from petrochemical effluents. Our results showed that the organic extract depressed the viability (p < 0.01) and destroyed the plasma membrane integrity of sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells to a certain degree. Accordingly, proportion of early apoptotic sertoli cells and late apoptotic spermatogenic cells increased significantly. Although significant morphological changes were not detected for leydig cells, the extract was observed to inhibit their testosterone production (p < 0.01). Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells appeared to be more sensitive and maybe the main targets of the key toxins. These results suggested that the in vitro system on rat testicular cells may be useful to predicate reproductive toxicity potential of organic extracts from petrochemical effluents. More attention should be paid to the petrochemical effluents, because long-term accumulation of these organic compounds in organisms may cause spermatogenesis malfunction and testosterone reduction. 相似文献
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Xiaoyi Wang Wei Shi Jiang Wu Yingqun Hao Guanjiu Hu Hongling Liu Xiaodong Han Hongxia Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(2):297-303
Water pollution of the Yangtze River in China became one of challenges that the government is facing today.Increasing numbers of petrochemical plants were built along the river in past decades,and numbers of organic chemicals were discharged into the river.Our goal was to establish in vitro system on rat sertoli cells,spermatogenic cells and leydig cells to investigate the reproductive toxicity potential induced by organic extracts from petrochemical effluents.Our results showed that the organic extract dep... 相似文献
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Elizabeth T. Lau Yvonne K. Kwok David H. K. Chui Hong Soo Wong Hong Yuan Luo Mary H. Y. Tang 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(7):529-539
The understanding of human hemoglobin ontogeny during development is of biological and clinical importance. Molecular and immunocytological techniques were used to study the expression of embryonic zeta (ζ), epsilon (ε), and fetal gamma (γ) globin genes in newborn cord blood, peripheral blood from men, pregnant and non-pregnant women, and in vitro mononuclear cell cultures. We have shown that embryonic and fetal globin mRNA and peptides are expressed in cultured erythroid cells and in circulating blood cells from newborns, adult non-pregnant women and from men. The findings suggest that during erythroid cell differentiation in newborns and adults, there is a transient recapitulation of sequential globin chain expression as found during embryonic and fetal development. Furthermore, these findings underscore the need for caution in using embryonic and fetal globin chains as markers to identify erythroid cells of fetal origin in maternal circulation for prenatal diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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固定化及游离态皮氏伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia pickettii)降解喹啉的试验研究 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
从处理焦化废水的A2/O工艺曝气池中筛选、分离得到一株能利用喹啉作为唯一碳源、氮源和能源的细菌,经鉴定为皮氏伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia pickettii)革兰氏染色阴性,杆状.采用PVA-硼酸-纱布复合载体法包埋固定了该菌,用电镜观察研究了该菌在固定化载体中的分布及形态.固定化细胞降解动力学试验表明,喹啉的降解符合零级反应.比较了固定化细胞与游离态细胞降解喹啉的特性,实验结果表明,游离态细胞利用喹啉的速率较快. 相似文献
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镉胁迫下大豆中镉的分布状况及其籽粒品质 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
溶液培养中0.5μmol·L-1镉胁迫浓度下,大豆表现出轻微受害症状,籽粒减产25 . 7%,而籽粒中粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量变化不大.镉在大豆中的积累分布状况为根>叶>籽>油,比例为32.100:1.690:1.000:0.003.大豆籽粒含镉4.89mg/kg,超过了国家环境标准规定的最高容许量.而大豆粗脂肪中含镉仅0.015mg/kg,远低于国家食品环境卫生标准.豆粕中含镉6.17mg/kg,表明大豆籽粒中的镉主要存在于粗蛋白和淀粉中. 相似文献
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微生物电解产氢是在微生物燃料电池的基础上发展而来的一种新的有潜力的产氢技术。将原有的微生物燃料电池进行适当改装,使其处于厌氧环境中,另外再加一个外加电压,从而使电池的阴极反应变成电子与质子的反应,产生氢气。微生物电解产氢技术的外加电压远低于电解水产氢技术所需的电压,产氢效率也比微生物发酵产氢高,且能将有机物彻底氧化,极大地提高了能源利用率。目前,国外已有研究将该技术应用于城市生活污水、养猪废水等,实现了废水的资源化利用。文章简述了微生物电解产氢的机理,归纳了其系统构成,并结合该技术在微生物、阳极、阴极和膜等方面的发展现状对其应用前景及发展方向进行了探讨。 相似文献
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氨氮、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮在PVA凝胶膜中的扩散性能 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用冷冻-解冻法制备PVA凝胶膜,测定了氨氮、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮在PVA凝胶膜中的扩散系数,考察了成膜条件和细胞密度对扩散系数的影响.结果表明,扩散系数随冷冻-解冻次数、PVA溶液的浓度及细胞密度的增大而减小. 氨氮、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮在15% PVA的空白膜中的扩散系数分别为0.69×10-9 m2/s, 0.52×10-9m2/s和0.56×10-9 m2/s; 在细胞浓度为60g/L的PVA膜中的扩散系数分别为0.55×10-9 m2/s, 0.46×10-9 m2/s和0.45×10-9 m2/s. 相似文献
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为了探讨鄱阳湖水动力条件改变引起的悬浮颗粒物浓度变化可能导致的鄱阳湖浮游植物群落结构的变化,本文研究了鄱阳湖悬浮颗粒物絮凝沉降3种典型藻类的动力学过程.以铜绿微囊藻(蓝藻)、四尾栅藻(绿藻)和菱形藻(硅藻)为研究对象、鄱阳湖采集沉积物为悬浮颗粒物,使用混凝试验搅拌仪模拟动力学条件,在颗粒物投加量为20 mg·L-1时分别研究了静置沉降时间、扰动强度和扰动时间对颗粒物絮凝沉降藻细胞的影响.结果表明,絮凝沉降效率:蓝藻绿藻硅藻.在扰动强度为20 s-1、扰动时间为30 min时,0.5~4 h静置沉降时间均促进3种藻类的絮凝沉降.绿藻和硅藻的絮凝沉降效率随着静置沉降时间的延长而降低,前0.5 h的絮凝沉降效率最大;而蓝藻的絮凝沉降效率变化无明显规律.扰动时间和静置沉降时间均为30 min时,随着扰动强度在2~40 s-1增加时,3种藻的絮凝沉降效率逐渐增大.扰动强度为20 s-1、静置沉降时间为30 min时,5~60 min扰动时间均促进藻细胞的絮凝沉降,并且随着扰动时间的增加,絮凝沉降效率呈先增大后降低的趋势.30 min为蓝藻絮凝沉降的最佳扰动时间,絮凝沉降效率为12.56%;45 min为绿藻和硅藻絮凝沉降的最佳扰动时间,絮凝沉降效率分别为11.93%和7.54%.因此,水动力条件的改变可以引起悬浮颗粒物与藻类的絮凝沉降效率发生变化,从而对藻类的群落结构以及水华发生规律产生影响. 相似文献
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微生物固定化技术在污水生物脱氮中的应用 总被引:22,自引:1,他引:22
综述了微生物固定化技术在污水硝化、生物脱氮中的应用,包括固定化材料与固定化工艺;国内外研究与应用现状;以及在较大规模污水处理中的实际应用;对该项技术目前存在的问题及其解决途径、发展前景和趋势进行了评述。 相似文献
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Mieke W. J. C. Jansen Karin Korver-Hakkennes Dik van Leenen Willy Visser Peter A. in 't Veld Christianne J. M. de Groot Juriy W. Wladimiroff 《黑龙江环境通报》2001,21(12):1022-1026
Although the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia is unknown, several studies have indicated that abnormal placentation early in pregnancy might play a key role. It has recently been suggested that this abnormal placentation may result in transfusion of fetal cells (feto-maternal transfusion) in women with pre-eclampsia. In the present study, fetal nucleated red blood cells were isolated from 20 women with pre-eclampsia and 20 controls using a very efficient magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) protocol. The number of male cells was determined using two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for X and Y chromosomes. Significantly more XY cells could be detected in women with pre-eclampsia (0.61±1.2 XY cells/ml blood) compared to women with uncomplicated pregnancies (0.02±0.04 XY cells/ml blood) (Mann–Whitney U-test, p<0.001). These results suggest that fetal cell trafficking is enhanced in women with pre-eclampsia, and this finding may contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献