Prenatal diagnosis of tetrasomy 21

Amniocentesis and prenatal diagnosis were done for late maternal age and an abnormality consistent with Tetrasomy 21 (47,XX,+t(21;21)) was found in every cell examined of the initial amniotic fluid. Clinical examination revealed a fetus with many of the signs of Down Syndrome and pathological examination revealed gross abnormalities of the internal structures. Follow-up tissues showed mosaic Tetrasomy 21.     

Prenatal diagnosis of mosaicism 46, XX/46, XX, −21, +t(21q21q)

Mosaicism for a structural chromosome abnormality in amniotic cell cultures indicative of true fetal mosaicism is a rare event. In addition to the laboratory findings the clinical interpretation for counselling in such cases is based on observation of the same abnormality in liveborns as well as previous experience with prenatal diagnosis of the same or similar abnormalities. We report here the prenatal diagnos is of 46,XX/46,XX,−21,+t(21q21q) which was confirmed in fetal skin cell and amnion cell cultures.     

Prenatal detection of monosomy 21 mosaicism

We report a case of chromosomal mosaicism for monosomy 21 revealed in amniotic fluid cell culture. Ultrasound examination at 19 weeks' gestation showed in utero growth retardation and a complex cardiac malformation. A repeated amniocentesis confirmed the presence of monosomy 21 mosaicism. In view of the sonographically detected fetal abnormalities, termination of pregnancy was elected.     

绿色化学—21世纪的化学

绿色化学是从节约资源和防止污染的角度来重新和改革传统化学。文中评述了近年来对原料、化学反应、产品、催化剂和溶剂的绿色化开展的一些主要研究及目前取得的进展。     

A chromosome 21-specific cosmid cocktail for the detection of chromosome 21 aberrations in interphase nuclei

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with a 21q11-specific probe (CB21c1) consisting of three non-overlapping cosmids has been applied to interphase amniocytes of pregnancies at increased risk for fetal aneuploidy (N = 78) and to interphase lymphocytes, cultured and uncultured, of patients referred for Down syndrome (N = 19 and 28, respectively). In the uncultured amniocytes, six chromosome aberrations were detected: three cases of trisomy 21, a triploidy, a de novo 46,XX,t(21q21q), and a mosaic 46,XY/47,XY,+dic(21)(q11)/48,XY,+dic(21)(q11), +del(21)(q11). In 15 cultured and 20 uncultured blood samples, FISH correctly diagnosed trisomy 21 (full or mosaic) at the interphase level, which was confirmed in all cases by subsequent karyotyping. Because of specific and strong signals in interphase nuclei, CB21c1 appears to be a useful tool for the rapid detection of chromosome 21 abnormalities.     

面向21世纪的环境监测

环境监测是环境保护的基础，面临新形式，未来环境监测将在监测对象、范围、监测性质、监测内容，监测手段等十个方面发生转变，我们必须抓住机遇，加快改革和发展。     

微生物絮凝剂MBFTRJ21的絮凝机理

筛选得到的乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)具有用量少絮凝效果好等优点.蒽酮反应、考玛斯亮蓝、Elson-Morgan反应表明,絮凝剂MBFTRJ21为粘多糖类高分子絮凝剂;ξ电位测定及氢键和离子键检验结果表明,絮凝剂和碱泥之间的作用力为氢键;絮凝剂的热处理和KIO₄处理表明,其活性成分为蛋白质和糖胺;絮凝过程中粒度分析表明,絮凝过程存在架桥作用.其絮凝机理为:絮凝剂和碱泥在絮凝剂的活性部位--糖胺中的氨基以氢键的形式结合,然后再经过架桥作用絮凝沉淀.     

Prenatal diagnosis of familial ring 21 chromosome

Ring chromosome 21 is a rare chromosome anomaly often associated with mental retardation and dysmorphic features. Less commonly, the ring chromosome can be familial and associated with a normal phenotype. Phenotypically normal female carriers, however, are at increased risk of having children with Down syndrome, mosaic monosomy 21, and variable duplication or deletion of chromosome 21. Because of the relative mitotic and meiotic instability of ring chromosomes, abnormal cytogenetic findings encountered during prenatal diagnosis may not reflect the true genetic status of the fetus. This is a report of a phenotypically normal female carrier of a familial ring 21 chromosome. Prenatal diagnosis on her twin pregnancy revealed a mosaic 46,XX,r(21)(p13;q22) (77 per cent)/45,XX, – 21 in one fetus and a normal male karyotype in the second. The pregnancy was carried to term. Both infants are completely normal, with a non-mosaic ring 21 karyotype from the lymphocytes of one twin. The diagnostic uncertainty and problematic genetic counselling related to fetal cytogenetic abnormalities are the subjects of this report.     

Cystic hygromata in trisomy 18 and 21

Prenatal diagnosis of cystic hygromata by means of ultrasound examination is possible and highly accurate. Although this is usually associated with Turner's syndrome especially if there is co-existent hydrops fetalis we report three cases in which cystic hygromata were associated with trisomies; two cases of trisomy 21 and one of trisomy 18.     

廿一世纪昆明的生态文化建设与旅游城市形象塑造 —论昆明国际旅游城市的继承与创新

建造城市是人类文明的伟大成就之一。城市是各地区、各民族文明状况的重要标志 ,是我们文明最高抱负的真切表现。一个杰出城市的诞生 ,必然反映了一种杰出的文化。城市的结构、形态和面貌 ,受不同时期哲学、宗教和科学态度的影响。它也受到当时人们思维方式的影响。城市也是人类社会与自然环境接触的媒介 ,是这座城市中的居民在其周围山川河湖自然环境孕育之下 ,人们文化建设的集中体现。城市与其地方文化 ,如影随形。每一座城市又是一个有灵魂和个性的活体。城市的灵魂个性 ,就是城市固有的文化特征。结合城市的历史文化发展 ,刻画城市个性 ,弘扬城市的优秀文化精神 ,传播城市世世代代积累所形成的固有的城市文化精神 ,在继承的基础上 ,结合当今时代特点 ,创造城市的新文化内涵 ,塑造当代有个性的城市形象 ,乃是建设现代富有特色的廿一世纪旅游城市的必由之路     

21世纪的化石燃料

本文全面论述了化石燃料在21世纪能源需求供给中的重要性、未来能源供给,以及未来能源利用对全球气候产生的影响.考虑了当前和潜在的替代能源.得出的结论是即使其他资源衍生的能源大幅增加,21世纪大部分时间内,化石燃料仍是主要能源,CO2的封存将成为越来越重要的要求.     

《海洋环境科学》第21卷总目次

调查与研究洪水入海对养殖环境影响的数值分析张存智 ,窦振兴 ,董娅婕 (1- 1)……………………………………………………鱼体内ＥＲＯＤ活性对多氯联苯类的指示作用霍传林 ,王菊英 ,韩庚辰 ,等 (1- 5 )………………………………………南黄海海水中各种形态磷的分布变化特征陈洪     

菌株BL—21解磷能力的研究

本实验以自行分离得到的具有解磷能力的菌株BL-21为研究对象,经鉴定为侧孢芽孢杆菌(Bacilluslaterosporus),以蜡状芽孢杆菌BC-01为对照菌株,对菌株BL-21的解磷能力进行研究。分别以4种不同土壤(大豆土、小麦土、玉米土、水稻土)为唯一磷源进行测定。结果表明,在以小麦土为唯一磷源的培养液体中菌株BL-21的解磷能力要大于菌株BC-01.在以玉米土,大豆,水稻土唯一磷源的无机磷液体培养基中BL-21的解磷能力于BC-01的解磷能力基本相同。     

二十一世纪呼唤绿色能源

火电在带给人类大量能源的同时，也带来了严重的污染。仅中国每年因酸雨和二氧化硫污染对生态环境损害和人体健康影响造成的经济损失就高达1100亿元左右，今后这种污染损失还将持续不断地增加。在这种情况下，全球更加关注绿色能源一世界未来的重要替代能源。本刊以《风力12——关于2020年风电达到世界电力总量12％的蓝图》一书为基础框架，立求全面地介绍世界风力发电的现状和推广应用的可能，并以大量的资料展示“绿色能源”的美好前景。     

绿色革命--21世纪人类的共同行动

从绿色经济，绿色产品和市场、绿色文明、绿色化学、绿色政治和清洁生产等方面介绍了21世纪环境领域的绿色发展情况。     

面向21世纪的中国生态学

持续发展是当代发展的主题。作为持续发展的理论基础之一的生态学，正在成为科学社会的一个热点．但是，在我国现实社会中生态学到底处于何种地位？在未来２１世纪，它又面临着怎样的挑战？在本文中，作者提出了讨论性的观点．１．针对生态学的国际前沿，参与全球性的生态环境研究计划；２．面向我国国民经济主战场．为我国经济和社会持续发展作贡献。