低臭氧排放等离子体异味处理自适应系统设计研究

设计了一套自适应调节控制系统，采用臭氧传感器检测异味排放口臭氧浓度，PLC根据臭氧浓度控制等离子模块电压，实现实时的同步自动匹配调整，实现了处理异味废气达标的同时臭氧排放浓度也达标的目的。     

汽车防抱死制动系统性能的研究

汽车防抱死制动系统的性能直接关系到汽车的运行安全,笔者以获得汽车制动最佳效能并能自动适应路况变化为控制系统的设计目标;通过分析车轮制动的动力学原理;运用自寻最优控制理论;进行了基于路面附着系数的汽车防抱死制动系统设计。仿真实验结果表明:该控制系统能充分利用最大附着力制动、实现自动路面识别并可提高汽车制动时的操作稳定性;进而证实了基于路面附着系数的汽车防抱死制动自寻最优控制方法,相对以往的控制方法更为简单和更适合于实际应用。     

长大公路隧道监控系统分析

介绍了长大公路隧道监控原则,分析了其监控系统构成、区域控制器、冗余光纤环网和监控中心各自功能,给出了交通控制及诱导系统、通风控制系统、照明控制系统、闭路电视监控系统和火灾自动报警系统功能实现.     

智能化自动对靶林木喷药机控制系统设计

阐述了自动对靶林木喷药机对林木间歇式自动对靶喷药控制过程、控制原理、控制系统的组成.解决了林木病虫害防治喷药作业的精确度和自动化控制水平.     

西门子PCS7在锅炉过热蒸汽温度自动调节控制过程中的应用

以自动调节和控制锅炉过热蒸汽为目的,本文论述了使用PCS7过程控制系统中功能强大的PID控制器埘锅炉过热蒸汽的准确控制的应用,取得了良好控制效果,实现了锅炉安全运行.     

SLC500远程RIO网络在袋式除尘控制系统中的应用

以某钢铁厂配套大型脉冲袋式除尘器的控制系统为背景,通过具体的硬件配置、软件设计及系统结构介绍,阐述了一种基于SLC500的远程RIO控制系统解决方案,较好地实现了脉冲袋式除尘控制系统的自动运行,且实际运行效果良好.该系统具有很高的实时性、经济性和可靠性,在实际工业运用中,具有推广价值.     

极板转运装置自动控制系统的设计与实现

介绍了极板转运装置自动控制系统的设计思想.详细阐述了系统的组成,检测开关的现场布置以及系统程序的设计.     

聚硅硫酸铁提高焦化废水处理效果的研究

确定了絮凝-氧化工艺对焦化二沉池水进行强化处理,选择了聚硅硫酸铁(PFSS)作为絮凝剂,次氯酸盐作为氧化剂,并考察了pH值、n(Fe)/n(Si)、药剂投加量等因素对处理效果的影响,得出最佳处理条件为:絮凝时废水pH=6.0～7.5,絮凝剂PFSS投加量为400mg/L(以Fe3 计),其中n(Fe)/n(Si)=2;氧化时废水pH=6.5～7.5,氧化剂M-180B投加量为0.4 g/L.处理后焦化废水的COD由1 837.6 mg/L降至125.3 mg/L,出水pH值在7.3左右,能够达标排放.     

油库消防自动控制系统的设计

提出了一套合理可靠的油库消防自动控制系统的设计方案，介绍了设计过程及应注意的问题。     

极板转运装置自动控制系统的设计与实现

介绍了极板转运装置自动控制系统的设计思想。详细阐述了系统的组成,检测开关的现场布置以及系统程序的设计。     

Ecology of drowning risk at a public swimming pool

INTRODUCTION: The fourth-leading cause of death in middle childhood is drowning, but there is remarkably little known about swimmer or lifeguard behavior patterns at public swimming pools. METHOD: This study used non-intrusive observational methodology to examine risk-taking by swimming patrons (predominantly children) and surveillance habits of lifeguards at a public swimming pool. The study also examined whether risk-taking behavior might be associated with density of swimmers, temperature, or lifeguard behaviors. RESULTS: Results suggested risk-taking behavior was common, with dangerous incidents observed over 90 times per hour. Particularly high were rates of running on the deck, which exceeded 100 incidents per hour near the deepest water of the pool, and jumping into the water dangerously close to other swimmers, which was witnessed about once every two minutes in the shallow water of the pool. Lifeguards tended to scan the pool well, and remain attentive to the areas under their responsibility, but they were distracted about 10 times per hour and warned patrons only about once for every 14 dangerous incidents observed. CONCLUSIONS: No consistent correlates to risk-taking behavior by swimming pool patrons were identified. Results are discussed with respect to previous findings and implications for intervention. Impact on Industry: Findings emphasize the need to increase awareness and adherence to safety rules by swimmers at swimming pools; to educate and remind lifeguards about proper swimming pool surveillance techniques; and to consider environmental changes at public swimming pools that might increase swimmer safety.     

Modeling of variations in nitrogen trichloride concentration over time in swimming pool water

In water, chlorine reacts with nitrogen-containing compounds to produce disinfection by-products such as nitrogen trichloride which induces ocular and respiratory irritations in swimming pool workers. This study proposes a model to predict variations in NCl₃ concentration over time in a traditional indoor swimming pool as a function of its operating parameters and attendance. The model was developed taking into consideration the reaction mechanisms, thermodynamic equilibria, physico-chemical properties, and transfer mechanisms occurring at the pool's surface. This model was validated through a robust series of experiments over two days and two nights in a real swimming pool. The model was found to satisfactorily predict variations over time in the concentrations of the chemical species investigated, including nitrogen trichloride. The work presented constitutes a first step to extend the model at different swimming pools. This approach may also be used to study the influence of the main operating parameters and to evaluate the impact of setting up water treatment systems on nitrogen trichloride concentration.     

Predicting pool safety habits and intentions of Australian parents and carers for their young children

Introduction: Children under five years are most at risk of experiencing fatal and nonfatal drowning. The highest proportion of drowning incidents occur in private swimming pools. Lapses in adult supervision and failures in pool barriers are leading contributory factors for pool drowning in this age group. Methods: We investigated the role of the theory of planned behavior social cognitions (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control) as well as perceived barriers, planning, role construction, and anticipated regret on parents’ and carers’ intentions and habits toward two pool safety behaviors: restricting access and supervising children around private swimming pools. The study adopted a cross-sectional correlational design. Participants (N = 509) comprised Australian parents or caregivers with children aged under five years and access to a swimming pool at their residence. Participants completed a battery of self-report measures of social cognitive variables with respect to the swimming pool safety behaviors for their children. Results: Path analytic models controlling for past behavior indicated that subjective norm, planning, anticipated regret, and role construction were important predictors of habit, and subjective norm was a consistent predictor of intentions, for both behaviors. Planning predicted intentions in the restricting access sample, while attitudes, barriers, and role construction also predicted intentions in the supervising sample. Both models controlled for past behavior. Conclusion: Current findings indicate the importance of psychological factors for restricting access and supervising behaviors, with normative factors prominent for both reasoned (intentions) and non-conscious (habits) behavioral antecedents. It seems factors guiding restricting access, which likely require regular enactment of routine behaviors (e.g., ensuring gate is not propped open, pool fence meets standards), may be governed by more habitual than intentional processes.     

基于改进层次分析法的火灾高危单位消防安全评估

开展消防安全评估对提升火灾高危单位消防安全管理水平和维护公共安全具有重要意义。根据火灾高危单位的特点,给出了消防安全评估指标体系,包括建筑防火、消防设备设施和消防安全管理3项一级指标,建筑整体布局、安全疏散系统、消防给水系统、自动灭火系统、防排烟系统、电气防火系统、其他设备及器材、日常管理、应急制度及培训教育、电器燃气消防器材管理10项二级指标,建筑类别、安全出口、室外消防水、自动喷水灭火系统、风机、消防电源及其配电、防火门窗、消防安全管理制度、应急制度、电器管理等54项三级指标。在现场调研和理论分析的基础上,利用改进的层次分析法计算得到某火灾高危单位消防安全评估指标体系各指标的权重,建立了火灾高危单位消防安全评估模型,对其火灾危险性进行了评估。     

南京市水质自动监测系统质控管理体系研究

通过对水质自动监测系统管理体系和质量控制等方面的研究,确保南京市水质自动监测站的稳定运行,监测数据的准确、有效、可比,充分发挥水站的实时监测、预警监控作用。     

Impact of wind on in-situ burning behavior of spilled oil on open water

Spilled oil may cause serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Thus, an efficient oil spill response is essential to reduce and minimize the impacts seen from an oil spill. In-situ burning (ISB) has been proven to be one of the most convenient and efficient treatment methods for oil spills on sea. When in-situ burning operation is carried out on sea, the wind is usually available. Spilled oil pool fire flame will be blown to tilt with an angle from the vertical direction and the flame length will be stretched. This effect of flame on downstream will be significantly enhanced. It may even cause the burning of spilled oil out of control or hazard the operators near site. Therefore, it is meaningful to study the burning behavior of oil pool fire on open water under wind.A small-scale oil pool fire on open water experiment system was designed, which could simulate the boundary conditions of sea surface ISB. A series of experiments were carried out to study the effects of oil pool diameter, oil layer thickness and wind speed on fire flame length and flame tilt angle. Flame characteristics and temperature of burning system were recorded. This study observes burning behavior to evolve from short pool fire to long declining phase which transient through boilover stage. Dimensionless flame length in pool fire stage increases with wind speed. As expected the flame tilt is strongly influenced by wind speed, tilt angle increase with wind speed. The observed experimental behavior is captured as improvement in the flame length and flame tilt angle models.This study helped better understanding fire behavior in evolving environmental conditions, and the most importantly developed model would help guide better assessment of fire mitigation strategies.     

RBF神经网络在锅炉安全液位控制中的应用

锅炉是现代工业过程中不可缺少的动力设备,在工业锅炉的自动化控制过程中,蒸汽锅炉的给水调节是其控制过程的重要任务。结合锅炉安全液位控制过程的影响因素,文中分析了给水流量作用下的动态特性、蒸汽流量作用下的动态特性和炉膛热负荷作用下的动态特性,提出了基于径向基神经网络PID的分段式锅炉液位控制策略。控制策略中采用的高斯函数的径向基神经网络算法,实现了系统参数智能化自动调整;分段式控制方法有效地提高了系统的调节精度和响应速度。该控制策略的实际应用,对实现工业控制过程自动化,提高系统控制品质和保证生产过程安全具有重要意义。     

格栅类通透性吊顶对水喷淋控火性能影响的实验研究

通过实验研究了格栅类通透性吊顶对水喷淋控火性能的影响,并利用燃料燃尽时间来计算控火有效性因子来量化这种影响.研究结果表明:格栅会降低水喷淋控火性能,与格栅类吊顶形式、喷头安装高度和工作压力流量有关.在确定的吊顶形式和尺寸下,存在着对控火性能影响最大的喷头安装高度.在实际工程应用中应根据具体格栅特性,合理设计喷头安装高度,以降低格栅的不利影响,保证水喷淋的控火有效性.     

硫脲紫外退色分光光度法测水中余氯

氯氧化硫脲使硫脲退色.一定条件下,硫脲紫外吸收的降低与水中余氯浓度成正比.依据这一特性建立了硫脲紫外退色分光光度法测定水中余氯的新方法.在pH值为1～6介质中,选择237 nm作为测定波长,则氯浓度在0～8.0 mg/L范围服从比尔定律.检测限为O.015 mg/L,水中常见的离子不干扰测定.该法用于自来水、游泳池水等样品中余氯浓度的测定,快速简便,加标回收率在98%～103%之间.     

不同喷射方式细水雾灭火效果的试验

细水雾的喷射方式对其灭火效果存在一定的影响。利用时间继电器控制细水雾灭火系统的启停,开展了连续式和脉冲式两种喷射方式的细水雾对开门与关门两种通风条件下不同燃料油池火分别进行抑制的试验研究。结果表明:在试验条件下,对于开门状态下连续式细水雾难以扑灭的汽油池火,脉冲式细水雾能显著提高灭火效果;对于连续式细水雾容易扑灭的柴油池火及关门状态下的汽油池火,脉冲式细水雾不能提高灭火效果,且灭火时间和用水量均有所增加;对于细水雾难以扑灭的酒精池火,连续式细水雾和脉冲式细水雾均未有效扑灭火焰。