共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
《环境科学文摘》2006,(1)
X32200600112用二级气化选定的废物进料产生的合成气质量预测=Predictionofsyngasqualityfortwo-stagegasifi cationofselectedwastefeedstocks[刊,英]/PaoloDe Filippis…∥WasteManag..-2004,24(6).-633~639国图比较了甲烷产生的合成气和不同废物进料的二级反应器中气化得到的合成气。用简单的热力学模型模拟合成气组成和气化条件。被考虑的废物进料是:填埋场沼气,废油,低收入国家典型的城市固体废物(MSW),混有填埋场沼气的相同的MSW,从相同MSW得到的衍生废料燃料(RDF),混有废油和高收入国家典型的MSW的相同的RDF。内能,H2和C… 相似文献
5.
生物反应器填埋场可以对渗滤液进行原位处理,同时加速垃圾的稳定化. 为了考察生物反应器填埋场中有机物质量浓度的动态变化及其影响因素,根据质量守恒和有机物降解动力学原理,建立了填埋场渗滤液中有机物质量浓度动态变化模型,采用四阶经典Runge-Kutta算法对模型进行了求解,通过室内模拟试验数据对模型中的参数进行了率定.结果表明,模型计算结果和试验监测数据符合较好,说明该模型可以比较精确地预测填埋场渗滤液可降解有机物的质量浓度. 鉴于获取数据的限制,对模型的输入参数进行了敏感性分析.结果表明,有机物从固相向液相的迁移速率常数(ls)和液相有机物降解的速率常数(l)的变化对模型的模拟结果影响较大. 相似文献
6.
不同性质污泥在模拟填埋场中的稳定化进程研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
为确定污泥达到稳定化所需的时间,研究了污泥及改性污泥在填埋后的稳定化进程.结果显示,经过498d的降解,生物污泥、生物污泥+矿化垃圾和化学污泥中有机质的降解率分别为67.1%、61.6%和30.5%.污泥初始有机质含量越高,总降解率越高.生物污泥较化学污泥易于降解.按照污泥中的有机质降到100mg·g-1预测,污泥填埋场达到稳定化所需时间约为3年;按照生物可降解物质(BDM)降到4.76%为污泥达到完全稳定状态预测,污泥填埋场达到稳定化所需时间是2.9~4.7年.从上海老港污泥填埋场多年的实际运行情况来看,污泥填埋场在封场3年后即可达到稳定化,所形成的矿化污泥即可开采和利用. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
垃圾填埋场内留存的污泥塘影响填埋场后续的增容以及稳定性。采用固化方法对库内污泥进行原位处理,可保证后续堆填坡体的安全稳定性。对七子山垃圾填埋场污泥塘内取样的固化污泥进行的岩土工程特性测试表明,固化污泥的含水率主要分布在15%~60%,平均为42%左右;直剪强度的黏聚力c大多分布在15~60 kPa,内摩擦角φ大多分布在6°~40°;无侧限强度分布在180~1600 kPa,大部分固化污泥无侧限抗压强度值在180 kPa左右,有小部分水泥状试样达到800~1600 kPa。固化污泥与原污泥相比,含水率减小,有机物含量减少,强度显著增大。该测试结果可为后续填埋场增容及后续污泥塘堆载垃圾方案设计提供数据。 相似文献
12.
Excavation and characterization of refuse in closed landfill 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
ZHAO Youcai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2002,14(3):303-308
Refuse in landfills becomes stabilized as organic matter in refuse degrades and soluble inorganic substances dissolve during their longterm stabilization process.In this paper,this process is also referred to as mineralization process and the resultant stabilized refuse referred to as aged refuse.Aged refuse contains a wide spectrum and huge quantity of microorganisms with strong decomposition capability for refractory organic matter present in some wastewater such as leachate.In this study,aged refuse excavated from 2 to 10 years old closed landfill compartments in Shanghai Refuse Landfill is characterized in terms of particulate distribution by screening,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,biodegradable matter.The approaches for redevelopment of both land and aged refuse in the stabilized landfills are proposed. 相似文献
13.
老填埋场竖向加高扩容工程的沉降计算与分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对老填埋场竖向加高扩容时垃圾堆体沉降机理的特殊性,将老垃圾堆体的沉降分为3部分:主固结沉降、次应力沉降、降解沉降,并研究各部分沉降的计算方法。结合工程实例,对沉降计算公式中有关参数取值进行探讨,并对扩容垃圾荷载作用下原垃圾堆体的沉降发展趋势进行分析,为扩容工程设计采取相应的沉降控制措施提供了依据。 相似文献
14.
15.
农田灰钙土中有机质和碳酸钙对Zn吸附-解吸行为的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用序批平衡法,研究了Zn在去除有机质及去除碳酸钙前后灰钙土的吸附-解吸行为.结果表明,在试验土壤中吸附量均随着加入Zn浓度的增加而增加,且去碳酸钙土对Zn吸附固定能力明显低于灰钙土,即有机质对灰钙土Zn的吸附影响小于碳酸钙;去有机质及去碳酸钙前后灰钙土对Zn的吸附过程不适合用 Langmuir方程描述,而 Freundlich方程能够很好地拟合,调整后的决定系数R2¢均大于0.90,达到极显著水平(P<0.01);去除有机质和碳酸钙后灰钙土对Zn的解吸率都升高,且灰钙土去碳酸钙后解吸率略高于去有机质;去除有机质及碳酸钙前后灰钙土的解吸量均随吸附量的升高而升高,且去碳酸钙土解吸量最大,去有机质土次之,灰钙土最小;土壤有机质和碳酸钙对Zn均有较强的络合吸附效应,能有效降低Zn的迁移活性,从而促进吸附,抑制解吸. 相似文献
16.
以南方某稳定化飞灰填埋场为研究对象,通过钻孔获取了新鲜、1、3、6和11个月等5个龄期的试样,并在实验室开展了颗粒分析、含水量、持水量等测试.不均匀系数Cu > 5,曲率系数Cc<1,属于级配不良土,容易形成优势流通道.含水量介于18.6%~46.4%之间,随埋深的增大而减小,随龄期的增长而增大.持水量介于15.0%~52.4%之间,随上覆应力的增大而减小,随龄期的增长而增大,由此建立了持水量计算模型.对于相同龄期和埋深的稳定化飞灰,其含水量要低于持水量2.6%~13.7%,这表明稳定化飞灰整体上未达到持水量状态,由此推测底部导排层收集到的渗滤液主要由雨水入渗后经过稳定化飞灰体内优势通道而进入导排层.在此基础上,建立了考虑填埋进程、降雨入渗量、优势流通道、稳定化飞灰产/吸水量等因素的填埋场渗滤液产量预测模型,并利用现场记录数据对模型进行了参数率定.模型分析结果表明,填埋场开始运营后的9个月内,渗滤液主要来源于降雨入渗量和运输车辆冲洗水量,分别占比约48%和52%.当稳定化飞灰体内优势流通道占总孔隙的比例从0%增至20%,导排层收集到的渗滤液量占渗滤液总收集量的比例从0增至34.1%.因此,建议对稳定化飞灰进行充分压实后再填埋,以减少优势流现象的发生,同时改用节水型车辆冲洗装置,最终降低渗滤液总产量.上述研究成果能够为我国类似稳定化飞灰填埋场中导排系统、调节池等的设计提供重要参考. 相似文献
17.
已填垃圾的沉降分析是正确评估填埋场服务年限和合理确定填埋厚度的重要依据,根据陈垃圾的形成机制、沉降模型、计算方法以及及有关参数,并结合工程实例对填埋过程中的垃圾沉降发展过程进行了研究,确定了陈垃圾土的沉降特性。 相似文献
18.
试验选用生活污水处理厂、化肥厂、友谊河的活性污泥作为菌种进行培养实验,培养过程中,考查温度、营养物质的添加等因素对污泥培养的影响,结果证明,大蒜废水本身有机物和其他无机物之间的比例还是比较协调的,营养物质米泔水的添加对大蒜加工废水COD的降解帮助不大.然而,温度对大蒜加工废水活性污泥的培育影响显著,从整体上看,随着温度的升高,COD去除率也增加.实验还显示经过培养,当水温为15℃时,系统的沉降性能变差,出水未沉降絮体增多,并出现污泥膨胀现象,综合考虑,确定25℃为最佳培养温度. 相似文献
19.
To recognize properties of a mixture of Vistula sand (medium sand acc. to USCS) with Slovak zeolite as reactive materials suitable for permeable reactive barriers proposed for protection of groundwater environment in vicinity of old landfills comprehensive laboratory investigations were performed. The present study investigates the removal of contaminants specific for landfill leachates onto zeolite-sand mixtures containing 20%, 50% and 80% of zeolite (ZS20, ZS50 and ZS80). Taking into account the results of batch tests it was concluded that the Langmuir isotherm best fitted the data. It was observed that the presence of ammonium, calcium and magnesium decreases the removal efficiency of copper by 32%. Column tests of contaminant migration through the attenuation zone of the reactive materials were interpreted using the software package CXTFIT, which solves a one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation. Column test results also indicate the strong influence of the presence of interfering substances on copper immobilisation; dynamic sorption capacities decrees twofold. Throughout the landfill leachate flow through ZS80 sample, a constant reduction of NH+4 (at 100%), K+ (at 93%) and Fe total (at an average of 86%) were observed. There was no reduction in chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand. 相似文献
20.
A dynamic composite model for a soil-water system that can be used to simulate the movement of leachate from a landfill. The composite model includes nine sub-models that trace water movement and the migration and transformation of five pollutants(organic N, NE4^- ,NO3^- , NO2^-, and Cl^ - ) in saturated and unsaturated soil. The model to simulate the movement of leachate from a landfill in Laogang Town,Shanghai City was used. In this application, the values for the model parameters were oblained by performing a laboratory simulation experimentof water movement and pollutant migration and transformation in soil columns. Soil and leachate obtained from the landfill site and its vicinitywere used in the laboratory experiments. The model was then used to simulate leachate movement and pollutant activity during the ten-year period when the landfill was in operation and in the twenty-year period following its closure. The simulation results revealed that the leachate migrated into the groundwater at the rate of 90-100 meters per year. This model can be applied in the design of future landfills in China for the purpose of assessing and forecasting leachate plumes. 相似文献