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汽车污染控制与催化净化技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一、汽车污染控制技术发展的三个阶段汽车污染控制技术是在汽车排放法规逐年严格化的需求下发展起来的。20多年来,汽车污染控制技术已经经历了三个阶段,即机内控制阶段、氧化催化阶段和三元催化阶段。70年代初,美国、日本和欧洲相继制订了汽车排放法规。为达到法规要求,各国在汽车排放控制方面采取的措施主要是改造发动机,如:改善燃烧、改进化油器,采用高能点火装置、进气预热等措施以减少CO、HC在机内的生成量,采用推迟点火时刻和废气再循环技术控制NOX在机内的生成量;与此同时,还采用了曲轴箱排放控制和燃油蒸发排放控制技术… 相似文献
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燃煤二氧化硫污染控制技术现状及技术经济评价 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文系统介绍了主要的煤炭加工转换,燃烧脱硫和烟气脱硫技术的特性,国内外发展概况及国内的示范和应用现状。并据此,对洗煤,型煤和烟气脱硫技术进行了全面的经济分析,估算了各种技术的投资及运行剧本,从其成熟率,工艺性能,环境特性和经济性进行了综合评价。提出了我国电站锅炉,工业锅炉和窑炉脱硫的可用技术。 相似文献
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本文提出了消除汽车尾气污染的关键是运用高科技使汽油充分燃料或改变汽车燃料。介绍了一些国家已研制成功的无污染汽车实例和正在进展的情况。 相似文献
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中国危险废物污染防治技术发展趋势与政策分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
本文对我国危险废物产生及废物流进行了分析,对我国危险废物污染控制原则、目标和处理处置技术现状及发展趋势进行了评价。以此为基础,提出了我国危险废物管理全过程污染防治的技术路线和技术政策。 相似文献
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我国机动车污染控制对策 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
防治汽车排气污染是城市环保工作的重要内容,是老百姓关注的热点和焦点。只有协调好汽车工业和环境的发展,大力发展高技术的清洁汽车,才能保持我国汽车工业可持续发展,实现在发展工业的同时,保护好我们赖以生存的环境。本文是在日前召开的“汽车排气催化净化技术产业化与发展战略研讨会”上对这一问题提出的有关对策。 相似文献
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Sergio Rinaldi Warren Sanderson Alessandra Gragnani 《Journal of environmental management》1996,48(4):357-373
Policies for the management of natural resources and the resources themselves interact to form complex systems. In this paper, we present a highly simplified model that can be used to study the general features of those systems. The model has three state variables, the abundance of the resource, environmental pollution, and the capital devoted to pollution control. We analyse it graphically using the singular perturbation approach. Two modes of behavior are possible; stationary and cyclic. When the abundance of the resources varies cyclically, the length of the period of resource scarcity depends on population size, economic activity, pollution per unit of output, and policy constraints. We distinguish between two classes of policies, one in which decision-makers base their investments in pollution control capital on the abundance of the resource, and another in which those decisions depend on the amount of pollution. We show that policies based on the observation of pollution are safer than those based on resource abundance, because in the latter case, small changes in policy variables can lead much more easily to a collapse of the resource. Increases in population size, even when accompanied by an equiproportional increase in the pollution control budget can lead to a change from stationary to cyclic behavior, especially where policies are based on resource abundance. 相似文献
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本文从成都市的地形、气候、道路和车辆状况出发,论述了汽车排放物污染及其对人体健康和大气环境的影响。针对汽车排放物污染的治理,文章提出必须及早制定出适合本市具体情况的治理方案,加强对在用车的技术改造。文章还就城市道路建设及交通管理提出了一些建设性意见。 相似文献
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Coal is not only an important energy source in China but also a major source of air pollution. Because of this, China’s national
sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions have been the highest in the world for many years, and since the 1990s, the territory of China’s south and southwest
has become the third largest acid-rain-prone region in the world. In order to control SO2 emissions, the Chinese government has formulated and promulgated a series of policies and regulations, but it faces great
difficulties in putting them into practice. In this retrospective look at the history of SO2 control in China, we found that Chinese SO2 control policies have become increasingly strict and rigid. We also found that the environmental policies and regulations
are more effective when central officials consistently give environmental protection top priority. Achieving China’s environmental
goals, however, has been made difficult by China’s economic growth. Part of this is due to the practice of environmental protection
appearing in the form of an ideological “campaign” or “storm” that lacks effective economic measures. More recently, better
enforcement of environmental laws and regulations has been achieved by adding environmental quality to the performance assessment
metrics for leaders at all levels. To continue making advances, China needs to reinforce the economic and environmental assessments
for pollution control projects and work harder to integrate economic measures into environmental protection. Nonetheless,
China has a long way to go before economic growth and environmental protection are balanced. 相似文献
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城市污水污染控制技术和发展重点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文章分析了我国城市污水污染和处理现状,论述了我国城市污水处理应从工艺技术、工程和设备产业化、设施运营产业化三方面重点发展,以解决城市污水污染问题。 相似文献
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言语训依据详细的资料,阐明了我国水污染现状的严重性,分析了其产生原因,为了使我国水环境避免走“先污染,后治理”的西方老路,文中提出了综合的控制措施。 相似文献
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随着畜禽养殖业的迅速发展,其产生的污染问题已成为我国环境保护的热点和难点问题。本文综述了传统养殖模式下污染物的治理方法,并重点介绍了一种新型的零排放养殖模式,可有效地防治养殖污染,并降低养殖成本,提高产品品质,该模式可扩大试点,并逐步推广。 相似文献