石化炼制企业噪声治理探讨

文章通过对石油化工炼制企业噪声的分析,相对不同场所噪声源进行不同治理方案的探讨,就某石化公司典型装置蒸馏装置为例进行噪声源及相应的治理方案分析,选择在临厂界处建设隔声屏障,对声源进行有效的阻隔,监测结果表明:隔声屏障起到了有效的隔声降噪作用,厂界噪声达GB 12348-2008《工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准》。     

慢摇吧低音炮传递结构噪声控制研究

对于慢摇吧低音炮传递的结构噪声,采用新型隔声材料静馨隔声毡,结合岩棉等传统吸声材料,可克服传统吸隔声材料的低频吸隔声效果差和"吻合效应"等弱点,从而有效控制音炮传递的结构噪声。     

独山子炼油厂对生产装置岗位噪声的防治

近年来,该厂对生产装置岗位噪声的防治,由原来对机泵设备加设消声罩,转换为在机泵房内增设隔声室。隔声室的效果主要与其结构有关。本文列举了设计合理的隔声室的特点,对炼厂生产装置岗位的噪声防治有指导价值。     

浅谈井场柴油机噪声污染控制

对野外石油钻井用柴油机噪声特点进行研究,对柴油机排气噪声、机械噪声、风扇噪声等采取消声、吸声、隔声、减振等综合防治措施达到降噪的目的。同时,对隔声降噪房采取温度控制措施,有效避免恶性事故的发生。通过柴油机的噪声治理,可有效降低井场噪声污染,达到GB/T 50087—2013《工业企业噪声控制设计规范》中不超过85 dB(A)的排放要求。     

存量工业污泥堆场原位修复设计——以辛集某项目为例

存量污泥是我国目前环境治理的一大难点,其对周边大气、土壤及地下水造成了严重威胁,尤其存量工业污泥危害更为严重。以辛集某制革污泥堆场为例,探索了一套“垂直阻隔+真空预压/浅层固化+原位固化稳定化+水平阻隔”的工程设计方案,经工程验证实施效果良好,可用于存量污泥场地的原位修复。     

声屏障在化工行业的应用

化工行业噪声源多,声级高,防火、防爆、防腐、防风险等要求特别严格。采用常规噪声控制措施受到许多限制,而采用隔声吸声屏障降噪有一定效果。本文以上海几个化工企业为例,论述了隔声吸声屏障的设计、应用及效果。     

环保产品认证目录新增加3项产品

为适应我国在线监测发展及噪声与振动控制产品发展的需要，推动相关产品标准化的进程，中环协（北京）认证中心近日发出“关于开展数据采集仪环保产品认证的通知”、“关于开展隔声罩、隔声问环保产品认证的通知”，决定于近期开展对数据采集仪、隔声罩、隔声间的环保产品认证工作，有关详情可登陆中国环境保护产业协会网站查询或电话咨询。     

大型球磨机噪声治理设计与效果

采用阻尼隔声套等方法控制大型球磨机噪声,是一种新颖有效的方法,通过紧箍于筒体上的多层复合材料的隔声吸声阻尼作用,使球磨机噪声降低了１５～２０ｄＢ（Ａ）,使用维修十分方便。     

浮筑隔振隔音板

由华东建筑设计研究院[现代建筑设计(集团)有限公司章奎生声学设计研究所]、上海淀山湖减振工程设备有限公司联合开发的浮筑隔振隔音板,适用于广播、影视,录音、播音、演播厅等做浮筑结构以及体育馆、剧场、歌舞厅等楼层的隔声;高级办公楼、居民住宅楼、医院,学校试验室等楼层面以及电力变电设施、方栅间等的隔振隔声,大楼、空调机房、水泵机房等的隔振隔声.     

声波通过双层复合结构传输的理论模型及透射损失计算

应用声学原理建立声波在3种介质内传输的模型,通过理论推导得出透射系数表达式,可为分层复合隔声结构的透射系数和透射损失计算提供理论依据,为噪声控制工程中设计分层复合隔声结构提供参考。     

Examining the technology acceptance for dismantling of waste printed circuit boards in light of recycling and environmental concerns

The dismantling of printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) and the recovery of their useful materials can lead to serious environmental impacts mainly due to their complicated physical structure and the variety of toxic elements contained in their material composition. So far, less attention has been paid to their responsible recycling compared to that of bare printed circuit boards. Combined with other materials recovery process, proper dismantling of PCBAs is beneficial to conserve scarce resources, reuse the components, and eliminate or safely dispose of hazardous materials. In analyzing the generation, resources potential and hazardous risk of scrap PCBAs, technologies used for the dismantling of waste PCBAs have been widely investigated and reviewed from the aspects of both industrial application and laboratory-scale studies. In addition, the feasibility of PCBA dismantling has been discussed, the determinants of which, including the heating conditions and mechanical properties have been identified. Moreover, this paper evaluates the environmental consequences caused by the dismantling of PCBAs.     

A novel radiant floor system: Detailed characterization and comparison with traditional radiant systems

ABSTRACT

Radiant floor systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption and the carbon footprint of buildings. This study analyzed a novel radiant panel configuration comprising a metal plate with small spikes that can be pressed into cement board or wood. The behavior of this configuration was simulated for different materials for the metal plate, spike dimensions, and varying spacing between spikes. An annual energy simulation model compared the radiant panel configuration with the traditional concrete-based system. Simulations were run under heating dominant, cooling dominant, and neutral conditions; significant cost savings and greenhouse gas emission reduction were seen across all scenarios.     

Aluminum recovery from electronic scrap by High-Force® eddy-current separators

The amount of electronic scrap which contains a substantial portion of non-ferrous metals, primarily copper and aluminum, has been growing. The present study is directed toward aluminum recovery by a newly developed eddy current separator. The investigation on shredded personal computer and printed circuit board scrap demonstrates that the High-Force® eddy-current separator will be applicable for this purpose. It has been shown that, by a single pass of the materials on the High-Force® eddy-current separator, an aluminum concentrate out of personal computer scrap can be obtained with a purity of 85%, while maintaining a recovery in excess of 90%, with the feed rate being up to 0.3 kg/min.     

Analysis of characteristics,activities, and exposure to vermin of human landfill scavengers in a developing nation

Scavengers, an important and legitimate group especially in developing countries, seem to have been virtually ignored by local municipalities in formulating solid waste management policies. Using researcher-administrated survey and semi-structured interviews, this study provides comprehensive information about human landfill scavengers in Kampala, Uganda, a developing nation. The results showed that the human scavengers consider waste picking as a full-time employment and not as a transitory form of urban employment. Also, the scavengers live in residential areas and not in squatter villages around the landfill. Scavengers’ exposure to flies is noted to be relatively high. The respondents do not engage in fierce competition involving pushing one another and that they often leave the collected items on the landfill without the concern of having the materials stolen. The relatively high level of trust among the scavengers can serve as a spring board for establishing scavengers’ cooperatives.     

催化电解法处理苯胺废水实验

在实验装置上对电化学法处理苯胺废水进行研究。根据不同电极材料对有机物降解机理的不同,对工业上应用较为广泛的几种电极材料进行筛选,并在此基础上考察了电流密度、投盐量、pH值、极间距、处理水量、电解时间等因素对处理结果的影响。结果表明:当用Ti/PbO2作电极,在电极间距为10mm,电流密度10mA/cm2,硫酸钠投加量1.5g/L,水板比8.3mL/cm2的条件下电解120min,废水中苯胺去除率可达94%以上,电解150min,溶液中的苯胺几乎完全降解。     

Manufacture of strand board made from construction scrap wood

The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of strand board made from construction scrap wood. The strand board was manufactured using Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga japonica) strands selected from construction scrap wood. The strands were oriented, and three-layer (face/core/face) strand board of three types was produced: one in which the strands of the face layer were oriented at a right angle to those of the core layer (R board), another in which the strands of the face layer were oriented parallel to those of the core layer (P board), and a third in which the strands of both layers were oriented at random (Ra board). The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were evaluated based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). The main results obtained are as follows: the bending strength of the strand board with a density larger than 0.55 g/cm³ exceeded the standard value of type 18 particleboard of JIS A 5908. The bending strength of the strand board was affected by board density, strand orientation and resin content, and became larger with increased density as well as resin content. That of the parallel specimen of P board was the largest among the specimen-orientations and types. The internal bond strength of the strand board with a density larger than 0.55 g/cm³ exceeded the standard value of type 18 particleboard and type 24-10 particleboard of JIS A 5908. The internal bond strength was markedly affected by the resin content of the core layer, and became larger with increased density. The thickness swelling of the strand board decreased with increased resin content, and become larger with increased density.     

Spatial cost efficiency in waste paper handling: the case of corrugated board in Sweden

This paper analyzes the spatial cost efficiency of the Swedish legislation regarding waste disposal handling. We focus on the case of corrugated board and recognize that the different counties in Sweden possess different economic prerequisites in terms of waste paper recovery and utilization potential. We employ data for six corrugated board mills and 20 counties and a non-linear programming model to identify the least cost strategy for reaching the politically specified recycling target of a 65% recovery rate for corrugated board. That is, the total costs of recovering a minimum of 65% in each county are calculated and compared with the case when the country as a whole recovers 65% of all old corrugated board is collected but there exist no uniform target for each county. The conclusion is that from an efficiency point of view the recovery efforts should be concentrated to the highly populated and urbanized counties, and not be uniformly divided throughout the country. In the base case, the results suggest that the cost efficient county-specific recovery rates should range from 51 to 72%.     

碱性蚀刻废液的再生回用与铜回收技术

介绍了一种革取技术,可在生产过程中处理印制线路板生产的碱性蚀刻废液,使之脱铜后再生,实现碱性蚀刻废液的循环使用;运用反革取技术使苹取剂复活循环使用;反革取提取到的硫酸铜经电解为电解铜,电解液可循环使用。     

煤粉锅炉SCR脱硝系统的设计与优化

以某新建460t/h煤粉炉的SCR脱硝项目为例,基于CFD软件完成几何建模、网格划分、数值计算等模拟工作,分析SCR脱硝系统的速度分布、NH3浓度分布、烟气入射角及压损情况。结果显示:最终的导流板布置方案能达到比较理想的流场分布,脱硝系统满足各项性能指标要求。     

几种电子设备密封失效原因分析及改进措施

对几种电子设备密封失效的原因进行了分析,改进措施经试验验证有效。分析和试验结果表明:车载设备采用敞开式结构有利于空气流动,可有效避免交变湿热试验时设备内部产生积水;有浸渍要求的设备,其表面安装螺孔不宜采用涂胶密封方式;采用端面密封的设备,盖板必须具有足够的刚度才能保证橡胶密封圈压缩量在合理范围之内。