面向可持续发展目标的中国生态环境领域指标评估研究

联合国《2021年可持续发展报告》旨在支持各国识别实现17项可持续发展目标（SDGs）的优先行动事项,明确重要的执行挑战,对目标实施进展进行评估,并进行国家间的比较分析,保证各国以可持续的方式使用自然资源和环境成本,使人类的发展控制在地球承载能力之内,从而推动实现2030年可持续发展目标。2021年评估结果显示中国是全球落实SDGs进展较好的国家之一,生态环境领域仍是制约中国实现可持续发展2030战略目标的短板,中国亟须加快推进补齐补强指标短板,积极参与全球环境治理,加强环保领域多边双边合作,为世界环境治理和可持续发展提供“中国智慧”和“中国方案”。本文通过分析《2021年可持续发展报告》评估结果,探讨评估方法学及指标体系变化情况,分析中国生态环境领域SDGs评估结果,发现在国际评估框架下中国生态环境领域的短板问题,并提出推进SDGs指标体系本土化、补齐SDGs短板等针对性的对策建议。     

生态文明教育的国际新动向——联合国教科文组织全球可持续发展教育行动计划成员国对话会议解读（2018-2019）

<正>可持续发展教育的跨界学习为生态文明教育提供了实现路径,围绕可持续发展教育大概念的行动变革,为生态文明教育提供了成果愿景。2015年9月,联合国可持续发展峰会正式通过了《改变我们的世界—2030年可持续发展议程》,该议程覆盖17个可持续发展目标(SDGs),这项新的国际框架是未来15年     

中国生态环境领域可持续发展目标进展评估

构建合理的量化评估指标体系是科学监测可持续发展进程的关键,为有效监测我国生态环境领域可持续发展目标的进程,本研究构建了一套与 IAEG-SDGs全球指标框架吻合、对应生态环境部主管部门职责且有数据支撑的可持续发展目标评估指标体系,对我国生态环境领域可持续发展子目标及评估指标的状态和发展趋势进行定量分析,结果显示,我国生态环境领域的可持续发展子目标整体表现较好,但具体表现仍然存在差异。据此,本文提出了进一步完善可持续发展目标评估体系、强化重点领域短板研究、提升中国生态环境领域 SDGs的整体表现和增加国际对于中国可持续发展工作的接纳度与认可度等政策建议。     

国际资讯

解决全球环境问题亟须增加投资世界银行与国际货币基金组织日前联合发布《全球监测报告:千年发展目标与环境——包容性和可持续发展议程》。报告指出,尽管全球有望在2015年实现联合国千年发展目标的第一项即极端贫困人     

可持续发展:从行动到科学

1962 年《寂静的春天》问世后,其后《增长的极限》、《只有一个地球》等相继发布,给传统发展模式敲响了警钟。1987 年联合国世界环境与发展委员会发布了布伦特莱报告《我们共同的未来》,该报告作为纲领性文件奠定了可持续发展的全球行动框架。1992 年6 月,联合国在巴西里约热内卢召开世界环境与发展大会,100 多位国家首脑共同签署了《里约宣言》和《21 世纪议程》,一种全新的发展观——可持续发展,正式成为人类的共识。其后,联合国千年发展目标、2012 年里约20 年发展目标、联合国开放工作组提出“2015 年后发展议程”17 项目标及国际科学理事会(ICSU)和国际社会科学理事会(ISSC)所做的专业评议等,在人类历史的发展进程中,把可持续发展推进到一个全新的层次,从认识到行动,从行动到科学,再进一步以科学指导行动,是全球“后发展议程”实现可持续发展目标的必然途径。2015 年被联合国秘书长潘基文称为的“可持续发展的关键之年”,9 月,习近平主席出席联合国特别峰会共同批准了未来15 年世界的可持续发展进程。     

生态建设示范区——区域性经济.社会.生态持续.稳定与协调发展的重要途径

一、区域性生态示范区的研究与建设是实现可持续发展的重要途径《中国21世纪议程》指出：中国可持续发展是建立在资源的可持续利用和良好的生态环境基础上，国家保护整个生命支持系统和生态环境的完整性，保护生物多样性；解决水上流失和荒漠化等重大生态环境问题；保护自然资源。保持资源的可持续供给能力，避免侵害脆弱的生态系统；发展森林和改善城乡生态环境……。作为一个拥有12亿人口的最大的发展中国家．由于历史与现实的种种原因，自然资源破坏、环境污染和生态环境恶化等问题都十分突出，在这种形势下‘中央一再强调．应在大力发展…     

调整课程结构 注重能力培养 适应可持续发展对环保技术人才的需求

1992年6月，联合国环境与发展大会在巴西召开。会议通过了包括（ZI世纪议程）在内的多个重要文件。lop年7月，党中央、国务院批准了“中国环境与发展十大对策，”明确提出了实行可持续发展战略及主要对策措施。lop年3月，国务院发布（中国对世纪议程——中国对世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书），确定了实施可持续发展战略的行动目标、政策框架和实施方案。IM年3月，八届全国人大四次会议审议通过（国民经济和社会发展“九五’外划和2（）l年远景目标纲要），再次明确我国实行可持续发展方针政策。lop年7月，国家环境保护局提出（国家环境保护…     

面向2035的生态文明与可持续发展教育

正我国有必要推进可持续发展教育进入主流教育,助力我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。2016年1月1日,具有划时代意义的《变革我们的世界——2030年可持续发展议程》(简称《2030年可持续发展议程》)正式启动,世界各国将在今后15年为实现旨在消除贫困、保护地球、确保所有人共享繁荣的17项全球性可持续发展目     

第一期：生态文明教育进校园路径探索

<正>积极推进生态文明教育是时代需求《环境教育》：随着中国生态文明建设进入快车道，培养具备生态文明理念和素养的中国特色社会主义事业接班人迫在眉睫。如何理解新时期生态文明教育的基本内涵？为什么要推进生态文明教育进校园？史根东：随着中国生态文明建设进入快车道，以及联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》已经进入中期，广大中小学校有必要主动承担起生态文明教育的光荣任务。最近一段时间，     

联合国可持续发展目标的评估与落实研究最新进展——目标关系的视角

目标间关系是影响可持续发展目标执行的重要挑战。本文回顾了关于目标间权衡和协同关系的研究成果,梳理了既有研究中平衡目标间关系的评估方法以及可以促进多目标实现的政策创新手段,总结了影响监测评估和政策手段发挥作用的因素。研究发现：目标间普遍存在部分或整体性的权衡和协同关系;以综合指数法和事前评估法为代表的评估方法开始转向关注目标间复杂的联动关系;减贫、减排、土地政策以及清洁生产和多元利益主体协作机制对目标的整体实现有助益;监测评估作用的发挥受限于数据管理和绩效测量方法的选择,政策手段的效果在一定程度上受到治理能力和既有制度安排的影响。最后,对未来中国落实可持续发展目标提出了展望和建议,要确立中国可持续发展目标间的整体关系,加强对目标执行和实现的事前评估能力,将更多本土化的SDGs指标纳入国家中长期发展规划。     

Mapping South Africaʼs nationally determined contributions to the targets of the sustainable development goals

The Paris Agreement?s nationally determined contributions (NDCs) provide an excellent point of entry to simultaneously address climate change and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study sets out to explore the connections between climate action plans (NDCs) and each of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this study, we used four levels of visibility, that is, present, generic, implied and absent to provide a broad perspective of the extent to which South Africa?s NDC is aligned with the targets of the SDGs. Our results revealed that South Africa?s NDC has 12% present level of visibility to the SDG targets, with SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy and SDG 13 Climate Action showing the highest representation of present level of visibility. By contrast, the absent level of visibility NDC showed 53% in the SDG targets, with SDG 5 Gender Equity, SDG 16 Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions and SDG 3 Good Health and Well‐Being, showing the highest representation of absent level of visibility. These results indicate that there is scope to improve the alignment of South Africa?s NDCs with the SDG targets. To this end, we have identified areas that may benefit with further elaboration in the country?s second NDC.     

Developing an indicator set for measuring sustainable development in India

The global agenda of sustainable development (SD) will get a major boost from the successful implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in developing countries. This requires effective planning and understanding of the SDGs at the national level and developing sound SDG indicators that account for country priorities. Currently, there is no formal SDG indicator set in India, but the process for it is underway. This paper has attempted to propose a unique technique for identifying the most representative indicator set for SD measurement in India based on the SDGs. Considering the needs and preferences of the country, a three‐stage process is proposed to develop the priority indicator set. The application of the approach has been presented for SDG 7, which relates to energy. This is supported with a background on India's SD progress. The proposed technique is simple yet effective, and can be easily replicated by other developing countries.     

Assessment of environmental footprint using geospatial approach to ascertain the Sustainable Development Goal 2030s of India

Utilization of natural resources has multiplied globally, resulting in serious environmental deterioration and impeding the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). For the harmonious development of human nourishment and the balance of nature, it is vital to evaluate environmental segments' resource usage, transformation, and residue, referred to as ‘footprint,’ in order to highlight carrying capacity and sustainability. This analysis highlights the Environmental Footprint (EF) of India per state from 2010 to 2020 in terms of hectares per capita. This study evaluates India's biological, hydrological, energy, ecological, and pollution footprints, carrying capacity, environmental pressure, and environmental deficit using 17 distinct parameters categorized under the themes of biological resource, hydrological resource, energy resource, and pollution concentration. We proposed a reoriented methodology and EF concepts that determine India's footprint, carrying capacity, nature of sustainability, environmental pressure index, and its consequential links to the 2030 SDGs. As a result, the biological resources contributed to ~50% of the environmental footprint, while hydrological, energy, and pollutants made up the remaining. Between 2010 and 2020, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal had the highest EF, while Jammu and Kashmir and the north-eastern provinces had the lowest. During the research period, the ecological deficit in India has increased overall. India impedes the 2030 SDGs; therefore, the study provides a picture of resource consumption, waste generation, economic growth, and societal changes, enabling academics and policymakers to redefine or document policy for a more sustainable future.     

Building Resilience during Recovery: Lessons from Colorado’s Watershed Resilience Pilot Program

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) underpinned by 169 targets presents national governments with huge challenges for implementation. We developed a proposal for a National Blueprint Framework (NBF) with 24 water-related indicators, centered on SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation for all), each with a specific target. We applied the NBF to 28 EU Member States (EU-28) and conclude that:     

Implementing SDG 15: Can large‐scale public programs help deliver biodiversity conservation,restoration and management,while assisting human development?

Among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the proposed SDG 15 promotes activities that, inter alia, “Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems”. An important potential contribution in achieving SDG 15 is through public programmes designed to jointly promote human development through poverty alleviation and improvement of human livelihoods and biodiversity conservation/management/restoration. An analysis of twenty public programmes with such joint objectives yielded twelve lessons learned. In addition to financial commitments, government and intergovernmental agency input for such public programmes includes ensuring political will and appropriate legal frameworks. Local communities and civil society provide input through traditional and indigenous ecological knowledge and stewardship. Appropriate shared inputs in development and the implementation of such public programmes, with communication between local community, broader civil society, the scientific community and governments will result in: better use and management of biodiversity; alleviation of poverty; security of livelihoods and better governance systems. The Ecosystem Approach of the Convention on Biological Diversity provides an ideal framework when planning and implementing new programmes. Application of the lessons learned to new public programmes will ensure that the answer to the question posed in the title is an emphatic “Yes”, and assist with the achievement of SDG 15.     

A new index for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings to achieving UN sustainable development goals in Jordan

Jordan faces stringent energy challenges mainly in the form of import dependence and escalating demand. The building sector accounts for 58% of total national electricity consumption and therefore plays an important role in addressing these challenges. This article investigates how energy efficiency in green buildings certified by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system contribute towards achieving United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Jordan. Furthermore, this paper proposes a new Comprehensive Contribution to Sustainable Development Index (CCSDI) to assess the contributions of implementation of the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category to achieve UN SDGs in Jordan. Questionnaire surveys were conducted to obtain data. Relative Importance Index (RII) method was used to evaluate the contributions of LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in the EA category. Results indicate a positive relationship between the LEED 2009 prerequisites and credits in category and UN SDGs 7?9 and 12?13. We conclude that our proposed CCSDI is a robust tool for assessing the contribution of energy efficiency in LEED 2009 certified green buildings towards achieving UN SDGs in Jordan.     

Blue economy,blue finance and ocean governance for achieving sustainable development goals

This research paper is an attempt to define and analyse the concept of the blue economy (BE) and its implications for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study covers aspects such as building a blue economy to achieve SDGs, the importance of a healthy ocean for current and future generations, maintaining the momentum to save the ocean, achievements of the United Nations (UN) conference on the Sustainable Blue Economy, and the highlights of the UN World Water Development Report 2020. This study specifically analyses the health effects and threats to biodiversity, adaptation and mitigation, improved wastewater management, prioritizing water, accessing climate funds, water and climate change, and the relationship between the blue economy and UN SDGs as well as identification of key stakeholders. This is achieved through a detailed literature review on the blue economy that identifies global organizations working on creating a blue economy, elements of the blue economy and current development efforts, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, sustainability and equity, ocean governance, international law and frameworks, and improvement in governance frameworks among other issues. The methodology used attempted to develop a macro, comprehensive, and systematic aggregate database at the country level on macro parameters, namely blue economy, blue finance, BE-SDGs linkages, water development, marine sector, SDGs data on SDG-14 (life underwater), SDG-6 (access to safe drinking water and sanitation), SDG-3 (good health and well-being), and optimal management of water resources through scientific techniques, such as building several small reservoirs instead of mega projects, develop small catchment dams and protect wetlands, soil management, micro catchment development, recharging of underground aquifers thus reducing the need for large dams, which has encountered challenges due to data limitations. The results of this research study emphasize broader stakeholder consultations at the global level to resolve the issues relating to blue economy, blue finance, and ocean governance. The most important conclusion and policy implications of the study are that international organizations including the United Nations, the Asian Development Bank, and the World Bank are working towards achieving the SDGs in general, and the blue economy, blue finance, and ocean governance in particular.     

Greening the Fife Economy: Ecological Modernization as a Pathway for Local Economic Development

Progress in the greening of UK local government has been hampered by uncertainty about the relationship between resource use and environmental protection. Ecological modernizationmay offer the most appropriateparadigm to reconcile economic, social and environmentalinterpretationsof sustainability. The transition from corporate to strategic environmental management currently being attempted by some 'green' authorities can be construed as an attempt to promote ecological modernization in the form of institutional learning. Fife Council in Scotland provides an interesting case study. Progress with corporate environmental management has become bound up with a radical devolution of decision making. Efforts to link the authority's Sustainable Development Policy to a Local Agenda 21 programme have been initiated with the piloting of sustainability indicators.