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缝纫流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉骨髂损伤十分普遍,且涉及面广,如手、腕、肘、臂肩、颈、背及下肢,其症状与对照给群比,有显著差异。这与他们的工作紧张、工作时间率过多、工中休息时间过少、坐椅过高、工作台面过高及过度低头、向前弯腰等因素有关。 相似文献
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民航从业者工作负荷研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
回顾民航业特殊行业中从业者(飞行员、管制员和机务维修人员)特定的工作负荷及其测量方法,工作负荷引起压力的心理机制,以及过高的工作负荷可能对从业者生理反应和身体健康造成的负面影响,并提出了改善从业者过高工作负荷的措施和方法。与此同时,指出应该进一步研究民航从业者的工作负荷与某些组织变量(如人误、离职意向、工作满意感)的关系,这不仅可以帮助保障飞行安全、提高从业者的工作满意度,而且具有理论意义。 相似文献
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贺盛伟 《中国职业安全卫生管理体系认证》2004,(4):24-25
质量、环境和职业安全整合管理体系审核需要在不断的审核实践中逐步完善和明确一些观念,笔者结合参加过的一些大型建筑、电力及机械行业的审核经历,提出几个容易引起混淆的问题,与业内同行探讨,共同提高审核水平,做好整合管理体系认证审核工作。 相似文献
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<正>职业压力(Occupational Stress)一般是指当职业要求超出了员工正常的身心承受限度,迫使人们作出偏离常态机能的改变时所引起的压力。就其本质而言,它是过高的职业要求与不利的工作环境超出员工应对能力所致的心身负荷过重的现象。职业压力的来源包括工作负荷、工作条件与环境、工作角色、工作变化、工作关系、组织因素、个体因素及职业发展等方面。影响大量研究表明,职业压力对组织和个人都存在广泛的不利影响,与员工的缺勤率、离职率、事故率、工作满意度等息息相关,可能会固 相似文献
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煤矿液压提升机的安全功能与安全隐患分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
液压提升机是较为复杂的机电液一体化产品 ,是煤矿井下作业提升物料和运送人员的关键设备 ,素有矿井咽喉之称。液压提升机的防爆、提升过程中的超速、过卷保护、液压系统的高、低压保护及升降与制动工作协同性是其安全性设计的核心与关键。笔者概要介绍了液压提升机的主要安全保护功能 ,分析并探讨了液压提升机存在的安全隐患与对策 相似文献
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232名微机操作人员的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤表现为肩、颈、下背的酸痛和肩疲劳,与对照组比差异显著。手、腕及上肢的慢性损伤虽较对照组高,但无统计学意义。这与他们的击键次数相对较少(每日10000次左右),但需长期间保持低头及向前弯腰的坐位姿势及工作台面太高等因素有关 相似文献
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机械加工作业十分普遍,通过对140名机加工工人的调查,发现手、腕、臂、肩、颈和上背的疼痛及腕、上臂和上背的压痛与对照人群比,P< 0.05差异明显,下背酸痛虽较对照人群高,但无统计学意义。这可能与机械加工时需取低头、颈前弯、上背前倾体位及勿需常弯腰等因素有关 相似文献
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从调查316名汽车组装流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉损伤情况中发现,其主要不适有右手或右肩的疲劳、下背痛、手腕压痛、前臂压痛及下背压痛等。汽车组装流水作业工人的这些症状和体征与其工作时右上肢活动明显多于左上肢及常处于前倾弯腰体位有关 相似文献
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电视机和有线通讯设备的生产,均采用流水线作业方式,390名生产工人的主要慢性肌肉骨骼损伤有手疲劳、右臂疲劳及肩痛,与对照人群比较,P〈0.05差异显著。手痛、腕痛、颈痛及上下背痛虽多于对照人群,但无统计学意义,这与Laopajarri和shihan 等报告不同,这可能与当时工厂定额相对较低,全天纯劳动工时相对短有关 相似文献
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57名缝纫流水线作业工人和31名缝纫作业辅工的腰椎X线检查发现,有腰椎改变者分别为80.70% 和74.19% 。其中以骨质增生最多,其次为脊柱侧弯。骨质增生与年龄,工龄有关。下背痛与骨质增生间未见相关关系 相似文献
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对275名邮局分拣工的调查发现,其慢性肌肉骨骼损伤主要涉及手、腕、臂、肩、上背及下背,与对照人群比较,P〈0.05,差别显著。另外腱鞘囊肿的检出率达4.73% ,明显高于对照人群 相似文献
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服装行业缝纫工作工效学调查研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对服装行业缝纫工种工人的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤进行了工效学分析。结果表明,目前缝纫工主要存在的工效学问题是:坐位工作台均偏高,工作椅也普遍较高,同一动作持续工作时间过长(平均大于1小时),8小时工作日休息时间过短(平均仅为30分钟)。建议根据有关标准和法规,采取相应改进措施 相似文献
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Stephen Bao Jørgen Winkel Houshang Shahnavaz 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(4):557-574
This paper presents 2 musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire surveys in 10 different Chinese occupational groups. Data collected from 1,603 workers using a modified Nordic musculoskeletal disorders symptom questionnaire showed that the 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the low back and shoulder-neck regions, was high at many Chinese workplaces. Significant differences existed between occupational groups. Assembly workers usually had higher neck-shoulder complaints compared to workers in most other occupations. However, the nature of assembly seemed also to influence the prevalence rate. Workers at a cassette recorder and a TV set assembly plant appeared to have more neck complaints compared with a group of thermos flask assemblers. 相似文献
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Combined Effects of Physical Demands and Shift Working on Low Back Disorders Among Nursing Personnel
Saeed Raeisi Mohamad Namvar Majid Golabadi 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):159-166
The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of physical demands and shift working on low back disorders (LBDs) among nursing personnel. The study used 2 questionnaires: a self-administered questionnaire composed of parts of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire to assess LBDs and job content questionnaire to assess physical demands. The participants were divided into 4 groups: from group 1 (low physical demands day workers) to group 4 (high physical demands shift workers). In regression analysis, high physical demands were associated with the prevalence of LBDs independently (OR 4.4, 95% CI [2.40, 8.00] and p < .05), but there was no association between shift working and LBDs (p > .05). Odds ratio in high physical demands shift workers was 9.33 compared to the reference group (p < .001). Calculated synergistic index was 7.37. Simultaneous impacts of shift working and high physical demands may increase the prevalence of LBDs among nursing personnel. 相似文献
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This study investigated musculoskeletal symptoms among sanitation workers of a fish-processing factory. The methods used included administration of a questionnaire, walk through observation, interview, task analysis and future workshop. All 27 male participants answered and submitted their questionnaires. Of the 11 operations identified, all except one was considered safe. Bent back, bent legs, and heavy manual handling were observed to impose intolerable health risk on participants. This corresponds with questionnaire results in which musculoskeletal symptoms were mostly prevalent in the neck, the shoulder, the low back, the wrists/hands and the upper back regions. Poor psychosocial complaints were also made on the job. There was no significant correlation (p < .05) between musculoskeletal symptoms and age, working hours and length of service. Neither was any significant correlation observed (p < .05) between psychosocial work factors and musculoskeletal symptoms. Recommendations such as task redesign to eliminate high-risk elements in operations, workplace changes and worker training were suggested. 相似文献