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机械部从事环境试验设备的研究和制造,已有20多年历史,国内已有一些专门制造此类设备的工厂.本文对比国内外同类气候试验设备.气候环境试验设备是一种人工模拟某种特殊气候环境因素的试验设备,是用来对产品进行耐气候环境条件试验的,以提高产品质量和可靠性.五十多年来,美、日、德、苏等国就对气候环境试验方法和设备进行了研究,并制订了各种环境试验方法标准,IEC也制订了各项环境试验方法标准. 相似文献
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介绍气候环境试验设备国内外发展概况及其体系与标准,提出设计和生产符合我国基本环境试验规程国标要求的气候环境试验设备的几点建议. 相似文献
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目前我国生产的气候环境试验设备,还不能满足电工电子产品基本环境试验规程国标的要求.作者在调研的基础上,提出机械部“六·五”期间气候环境试验设备标准化发展规划和攻关项目的建议. 相似文献
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任何一项环境试验标准在描述试验条件与试验方法时。直接或间接地对其相应的试验设备提出了具体的要求。正确选用试验设备是保证试验准确性的前提,本文介绍了霉菌试验设备的选用及检定,同时建议建立一种新型的气候试验设备基本参数检定方法标准体系。 相似文献
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该气候实验室的92.900m~3主试验箱是世界上最大和最复杂的气候环境试验箱,它采用空气补充系统以冷却或加热试验温度的空气,并将该空气吸入到试验箱内,以便喷气发动机在气候试验期间得以操作.本文讨论的其它试验设备还有2.750m~3发动机和辅助试验设备,2.125m~3太阳、风、雨和砂尘试验设备. 相似文献
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本文介绍气候箱与振动台的一种复合型膜、连接件与绝热垫组合式接口。试验表明,此种接口对箱内温度的影响小,传递振动的效果好,附加失真不大。 自从气候环境与机械环境综合的环境试验设备问世以来,气候箱与振动台接口设计就十分引人注目,有的甚至获得了美国专利。气候箱与振动台接口设计研究是开发综合环境试验设备过程中的“必经之路”。我们在研究了美国Thermotron、日本TABAI、西德Heraeus Votsch和英国PERN等公司综合环境试验设备的基础上,运用结构设计与热设计的经验,设计制作了富有特色的气候箱与振动台接口—复合型膜、连接件与绝热垫的组合式结构,取得了令人满意的效果。具有结构简单、性能优良、经济合理的优点,为填补我国综合环境试验设备的空白准备了条件。 相似文献
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讨论我国设计和生产的湿热、盐雾、霉菌、高低温、高低温低气压等气候环境试验设备,在贯彻基本环境试验规程国标中存在的问题,并提出改进的初步设想. 相似文献
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本文针对我国现行环境试验设备基本参数检定方法标准体系, 结合国外有关环境试验设备性能检测标准制修订状况进行分析,提出了改进我国环境试验设备性能检测标准体系的意见及设想. 相似文献
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介绍了自然环境试验的概念及开展自然环境试验的目的和意义,给出了在热带条件下战术电台的自然环境试验总体方案,列举了自然环境试验与实验室试验的区别和联系,最后对进行自然环境试验应注意的问题进行了阐述。 相似文献
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本文对自行研制的砂尘一体化试验系统进行了介绍。设备研制中对基于文丘里原理的加砂/尘试验系统和自动监控除湿试验系统进行了详细说明,同时根据环境试验要求,指出了该试验设备研制过程中所遇到的加砂方式优化、温度调控、砂/尘浓度的测量与控制以及吹砂吹尘合一等技术难点,并给出了相应的解决途径。该试验系统研制成功,为考核装备的环境适应性和产品可靠性提供了科学的试验手段。 相似文献
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涂装工艺组合/综合环境试验技术综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍了组合/综合试验技术的发展历程及标准应用情况,论述了研究涂装工艺组合/综合试验技术的必要性,对试验方法的设计原则、设计方法及其技术难点进行了深入剖析,并介绍了几种试验结果相互关系的分析方法. 相似文献
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Environmental evaluation of transfer and treatment of excess pig slurry by life cycle assessment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lopez-Ridaura S Werf Hv Paillat JM Le Bris B 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(2):1296-1304
Slurry management is a central topic in the agronomic and environmental analysis of intensive livestock production systems. The objective of this study is to compare the environmental performance of two scenarios of collective slurry management for the disposal of excess nitrogen from animal manure. The scenarios are the transfer of slurry and its injection to crop land, and the treatment of slurry in a collective biological treatment station. The study is based on a real case in the West of France, where a group of farmers is developing a collective plan for the disposal of almost 7000 m(3) of excess pig slurry. The evaluation is carried out by Life Cycle Assessment, where emissions and resource consumption are quantified and aggregated into four environmental impact categories: eutrophication, acidification, climate change, and non-renewable energy use. Ammonia emitted is the most important contributor to acidification and eutrophication, while methane contributes most to climate change. Both ammonia and methane are mostly emitted during the storage of slurry and, in the case of the treatment scenario, also during composting the solid fraction of the slurry. The two management strategies are similar with respect to climate change, whereas eutrophication and acidification are twice as large for treatment relative to transfer. Electricity needed for the treatment process is the main contributor to non-renewable energy use for the treatment scenario, while the transfer scenario represents a net energy saving, as energy saved by the reduction of mineral fertiliser use more than compensates for the energy needed for transport and injection of slurry. The overall environmental performance of transfer is better than that of treatment, as it involves less acidification, eutrophication and non-renewable energy use. The method employed and the results obtained in this study can provide elements for a transparent discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of contrasting excess slurry management scenarios as well as the identification of the main aspects determining their environmental performance. 相似文献
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There is a considerable debate on the effects of environmental regulation on competitive performance. Based on survey data, this paper analyzesthe two main research questions, derived from literature, on the links between environmental regulation and competitiveness, by focusing on firms operating in the building and construction sector, i.e.: 1) whether environmental policy stringency affects the competitive performance of firms in the building and construction sector 2) and how a specific form of environmental regulation (direct regulation, economic instruments and soft instruments) affects this performance? By applying a regression analysis, we find that a more stringent environmental regulation, measured by inspection frequency, provides a positive impulse for increasing investments in advanced technological equipment and innovative products and on business performance. Moreover, a well-designed “direct regulation” appears to be the most effective policy instrument for prompting the positive impact of environmental policies on innovation and intangible performance while economic instruments do negatively affect business performance. 相似文献
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本文介绍了大型吹砂吹尘综合试验系统的设备构成和系统设计应考虑的关键技术。阐述了主要功能和技术指标,论述了砂尘浓度、试验段风速、试验段温度和相对湿度等主要试验参数的调节技术,并给出了应用结果。能够为大型吹砂环境试验设备的设计和试验应用提供参考借鉴。 相似文献