农作物病虫害专业化防治服务对农药施用强度的影响

农药过量施用已造成严重的负外部性。推行农作物病虫害专业化统防统治服务可以实现安全、科学、合理用药,有效缓解农业面源污染问题和提升食品的质量安全水平。为了探究病虫害专业化统防统治服务在缓解农业面源污染方面的效果,文章利用全国七省水稻病虫害专业化防治服务调查数据,基于倾向得分匹配方法(PSM),剔除样本自选择内生性问题的影响,分析农户将水稻病虫害防治环节外包给植保专业化服务组织("统防统治")与"自防自治"户相比使用农药的种类和施用次数的差异,即植保专业化防治是否取得了较好的环境效应。研究结果表明,植保专业化服务显著减少了农药施用强度,提高了无公害低毒农药的采用比例;并且其效果在小农户和规模种植大户之间存在明显差异,与采纳病虫害统防统治服务的规模种植大户相比,小规模种植户在采纳病虫害统防统治服务后在降低农药施用强度,提高无公害低毒农药的应用比例方面效果更显著。基于此,文章建议强化对植保专业化防治项目的财政扶持力度,提高病虫害专业化防治覆盖率;重点鼓励小规模种植户采纳病虫害统防统治服务;鼓励农户土地流转,促进农业生产规模化经营,加强对种植专业户的病虫害防治方面的培训和引导,并着力发挥专业大户的示范带头作用,提高统防统治的效率,从而促进食品质量安全水平的提升和农业生态环境的保护。     

Towards a roadmap for sustainable land use in Europe

Regional Environmental Change -     

Integrated water resources management (IWRM) for climate change adaptation

Regional Environmental Change -     

Erratum to: Widening the scope: linking coastal sedimentation with watershed dynamics in Java,Indonesia

Regional Environmental Change -     

Agroecosystem energy transitions: exploring the energy-land nexus in the course of industrialization

Regional Environmental Change -     

Environmental change in the Selenga River—Lake Baikal Basin

Regional Environmental Change -     

Social justice in the context of adaptation to climate change—reflecting on different policy approaches to distribute and allocate flood risk management

Regional Environmental Change -     

Governing water in federal river basins

Regional Environmental Change -     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Adaptation strategies of farmers to drought in a changing climate in Dingcheng County,Hunan, southern China

Regional Environmental Change -     

Biodiversity and food security: from trade-offs to synergies

Regional Environmental Change -     

Indicators of climate change adaptation from molecules to ecosystems

Regional Environmental Change -     

Erratum to: Food and feed supply and waste disposal in the industrialising city of Vienna (1830–1913): a special focus on urban nitrogen flows

Regional Environmental Change -     

Turn down the heat: regional climate change impacts on development

Regional Environmental Change -     

Current practices and challenges for modelling past and future land use and land cover changes in mountainous regions

Regional Environmental Change -     

Erratum to: Quantification of land use/land cover changes in Pearl River Delta and its impact on regional climate in summer using numerical modeling

Regional Environmental Change -     

Mediterranean land systems under global change: current state and future challenges

Regional Environmental Change -     

Carbon-optimised land management strategies for southern Amazonia

Regional Environmental Change -     

1961~2010年中国大尺度区域暴雨时空分布特征研究

长时间大范围的区域暴雨作为一种极端天气气候事件,是人民生产生活的一大威胁,已成为社会和学界的关注焦点之一,亟需研究中国长时间序列区域暴雨的时空演变特征。通过定义的区域暴雨事件,选取持续天数、影响站点数、最大日降雨量和最大累积降雨量4项指标,统计分析了1961~2010年中国区域暴雨的时空变化格局。结果表明：在空间格局上,1961~2010年中国区域暴雨主要分布在黑龙江漠河至云南腾冲一线以东的东部沿海季风区,而西北内陆则无区域暴雨发生;在省际分布上,多集中发生在以广东为首的东部沿海省市;在时间序列上,中国区域暴雨存在准10a（6.5a和13a）的周期振荡,以1997年前后年份发生次数较多,年内多集中在5~9月,且4项指标均在6月份达到最高。     

Correction to: Can preferential credit programs speed up the adoption of low-carbon agricultural systems in Mato Grosso,Brazil? Results from bioeconomic microsimulation

Regional Environmental Change - The published online version contains incorrect data in Figure 7.     

Environmental feedbacks in temperate aquatic ecosystems under global change: why do we need to consider chemical stressors?

Regional Environmental Change - Globally increasing temperature and modifications in precipitation patterns induce major environmental alterations in aquatic ecosystems. Particularly profound...