基于振动疲劳的某水泵支架开裂分析及结构优化

某电动车冷却水泵支架在耐久路试过程中出现开裂,首先通过一般性检查和测试,排除了支架材料、工艺及装配等方面引起开裂的可能.其次,对支架进行有限元静态强度分析,发现各工况下最大应力低于材料屈服极限.为进一步明确开裂的原因,测得支架的模态固有频率23 Hz,推测其在路试过程中发生了共振,进而导致疲劳开裂.结合模态试验结果对有...     

高超声速导弹舵面热模态试验方法研究

为研究高温热载荷作用下高超声速导弹舵面结构模态频率和振型随温度变化的变化规律。采用基于激光测振技术的热模态试验和有限元分析相结合的方法对导弹舵面结构的热模态特性进行了研究,对舵面结构进行了热模态有限元分析,设计了一套热模态试验系统进行了热模态试验,将激光测振技术应用于振动响应测试,设计制作了石英灯高温加热箱,设计制作了施加激振力的水冷激振杆,设计了用于激光测振的移动平台。利用有限元仿真分析与试验相结合的手段,获得了舵面结构在不同高温环境下的模态频率和振型,并分析出模态频率和振型变化规律,取得了较好的效果。     

行波管性能测试用试验箱的结构特点及其设计

介绍了一种专门用于行波管性能测试的试验箱的设计过程。在对试验箱结构特点进行分析的基础上,通过结构设计、制冷系统设计和控制系统设计,尤其在风道结构布局方面的创新设计,成功研制了该型试验箱,并在生产过程中得到了实际应用。     

某型灭火器振动夹具仿真与模态分析

利用ANSYS有限元软件对某型灭火器振动夹具进行了模态分析并进行优化设计,得到夹具的固有频率和振型,再用正弦扫频试验测出样品的固有频率,对比有限元分析及模态测试两种不同方法得到的数据,判断夹具设计是否满足试验要求.     

空调柔性管路模态测试与优化

工程应用中空调管路柔性较大,并常伴有非线性,因而模态不易测试准确。本文用激振器法测试了空调管路的模态,并利用有限元法进行了模拟仿真,辅助确定测点数目和激励点位置。然后应用PolyMAX进行结构模态分析,并对管路整改提出了解决方案。实验证明激振器可以较好的激励起各阶模态,输入激励和输出响应相干性较好;测试结果与仿真误差在7.63%以内,测试数据可信度较高;利用阻尼块、管固定块等可以调整管路的固有频率和响应,有效提高管路的可靠性。     

某飞行器探测器支架设计

某探测器安装在飞行器上,飞行过程中将经历极为恶劣的振动环境。受空间限制探测器不宜采用传统方式进行减振,而常规金属或复合材料支架的阻尼系数小,无法为探测器减振提供帮助。为改善探测器的振动响应,以探测器支架为研究对象,采用结构阻尼一体化方案,对其开展基于综合约束下的优化设计和减振效果分析。首先通过结构拓扑优化,形成较优的支架结构构型,基于等效均质材料下的模态分析确定其外形参数,再基于经典层合板理论和构建的有限元模型,对支架开展阻尼层优化设计和模态分析,确定复合材料铺层方案和阻尼层厚度参数,最终通过对比分析确认减振效果,相比常规复合材料支架,结构阻尼一体化支架的动力学响应显著降低。     

系外行星成像星冕仪振动夹具设计与试验分析

为设计满足巡天空间望远镜系外行星成像星冕仪振动试验要求的夹具,对初步设计的振动夹具进行模态仿真分析。根据分析结果,识别夹具薄弱环节,并对振动夹具进行改进设计。通过分析计算,改进后的夹具满足设计固有频率要求。并对其进行正弦振动和随机振动动力学分析。将夹具在振动台上进行正弦扫频试验,验证设计合理性。夹具的仿真一阶模态结果 342.6Hz,其振动试验结果一阶模态为329Hz。振动夹具一阶固有频率的试验结果与仿真计算误差约为4%,误差合理。试验验证了仿真计算结果的正确性。实现了振动夹具的基频大于试验件3倍的目标,振动夹具设计合理。满足巡天空间望远镜系外行星成像星冕仪力学环境试验使用。     

模拟件虚拟振动试验技术探讨

本文在有限元分析的基础上进行模拟件模态分析,并开展模态试验对有限元模型进行修正,在此基础上得到传递函数,并进行振动控制仿真,将振动仿真结果与实际振动结果进行比对。     

分叉波导开裂问题结构改进设计

本文针对某雷达天线系统的分叉波导开裂问题提出了三种结构改进方案,对三种结构改进方案进行模态和振动仿真分析,对比三种方案的一阶模态和最大应力值得出该分叉波导的最佳结构改进方案,并试验验证方案的有效性。     

锤击法在细长体两点激振试验中的研究及应用

细长体进行振动试验时前后输入的试验条件差异较大,进行两点激振试验前激励点和控制点选取需要参考试验件前三阶的模态信息。对结构进行激励,测量响应的传递函数,通过计算机解算可以得出结构的基本模态信息。对试验件进行锤击是一种瞬态、宽频激励。用移动锤击法对自由状态下的细长体进行模态测试,获取了前三阶的模态信息,并根据振型的波峰和节线位置选取两点激振试验的夹具夹持位置和控制点,满足了试验控制要求。     

不同前处理方法对活性炭吸附一氧化碳的影响

本文采用颗粒状活性炭（GH-A)作吸附剂，通过不同的前处理方法，以一氧化碳CO与空气的混合物为分离测定对象，用气固色谱法测定被活性炭充分吸附前、后的混合气体中CO的含量，对比评价几种前处理方法。结果表明，对CO的吸附量显著提高的前处理方法分别是研磨筛分至32—38目、酸洗、添加改性剂So而水洗则降低了活性炭吸附CO的能力。     

NETWORK DESIGN FOR WATER SUPPLY FORECASTING IN THE WEST1

ABSTRACT: The objective is to develop techniques to evaluate how changes in basic data networks can improve accuracy of water supply forecasts for mountainous areas. The approach used was to first quantify how additional data would improve our knowledge of winter precipitation, and second to estimate how this knowledge translates, quantitatively, into improvement in forecast accuracy. A software system called DATANET was developed to analyze each specific gage network alternative. This system sets up a fine mesh of grid points over the basin. The long-term winter mean precipitation at each grid point is estimated using a simple atmospheric model of the orographic precipitation process. The mean runoff at each grid point is computed from the long-term mean precipitation estimate. The basic runoff model is calibrated to produce the observed long-term runoff. The error analysis is accomplished by comparing the error in forecasts based on the best possible estimate of precipitation using all available data with the error in the forecasts based on the best possible estimate of winter precipitation using only the gaged data. Different data network configurations of gage sites can be compared in terms of forecast errors.     

粉煤灰处理染料废水的研究

利用粉煤灰吸附性能较好、来源广泛及价格低廉等特点,对染料废水进行吸附试验研究。结果表明,粉煤灰的活化方式、粒度及用量对染料废水吸附性能有影响。160—200目30%硫酸活化粉煤灰吸附能力最强,且对染料废水的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温曲线,最大吸附量为667mg/g。     

Optimization of grid tied hybrid power system in smart premises

Tapping of renewable energy sources like solar and wind is given great priority by power producers all over the world. Technical problems of linking them to the grid are solved. The cost constraints of utilizing renewable energy at specific locations are to be determined. In this work, a model is developed for grid tied hybrid power system (HPS) consisting of photovoltaic (PV) module and wind mill at the roof top of smart premises. The grid is capable of delivering and receiving energy. Objective function is formed with constraints taking into account the cost of PV module, wind mill, and grid tied inverter with controller. The constraints are rating of HPS and energy that can be delivered to the grid. Using this model, case studies were conducted in three locations in India, each location having two different demands. The results are presented. With the optimal rating of HPS, results shows that, conventional energy cost is higher.     

低碳经济下的智能用电技术与环境安全

智能用电作为建设坚强智能电网的重要组成部分,具有高度的自动化水平和很强的自愈能力。采用智能用电技术可以将各种分布式再生能源迅速接入电网,对环境安全具有重要的促进作用。通过介绍智能用电这一新技术的发展现状和及其关键技术,从能源防御体系、土地利用和电力生产等方面对智能用电与环境安全之间的关系进行了分析。采用智能用电技术可以减少碳排放,提高用电系统的抗击灾害能力,保护环境、集约利用土地,是环境安全体系中非常重要的组成环节。     

超声处理对提取苦杏仁挥发油的研究

研究了超声处理对提取苦杏仁挥发油的影响。结果表明,超声处理有利于提高苦杏仁挥发油的得率,在所选取的范围内随功率和时间的增加而提高;通过正交实验确定影响挥发油得率的因素从大到小依次为超声功率、物料细度、pH和处理时间,确定最优工艺组合是物料细度为80目;在pH值为5的提取液中浸泡后,超声功率为100W处理30min。经分析,超声处理得到挥发油样品的主要成分是苯甲醛。     

Critical Risk Indicators (CRIs) for the electric power grid: a survey and discussion of interconnected effects

The electric power grid is a critical societal resource connecting multiple infrastructural domains such as agriculture, transportation, and manufacturing. The electrical grid as an infrastructure is shaped by human activity and public policy in terms of demand and supply requirements. Further, the grid is subject to changes and stresses due to diverse factors including solar weather, climate, hydrology, and ecology. The emerging interconnected and complex network dependencies make such interactions increasingly dynamic, posing novel risks, and presenting new challenges to manage the coupled human–natural system. This paper provides a survey of models and methods that seek to explore the significant interconnected impact of the electric power grid and interdependent domains. We also provide relevant critical risk indicators (CRIs) across diverse domains that may be used to assess risks to electric grid reliability, including climate, ecology, hydrology, finance, space weather, and agriculture. We discuss the convergence of indicators from individual domains to explore possible systemic risk, i.e., holistic risk arising from cross-domain interconnections. Further, we propose a compositional approach to risk assessment that incorporates diverse domain expertise and information, data science, and computer science to identify domain-specific CRIs and their union in systemic risk indicators. Our study provides an important first step towards data-driven analysis and predictive modeling of risks in interconnected human–natural systems.

     

压裂返排液水质特性评价及回用技术研究

为了明确压裂返排液中影响回用的突出污染物,从而针对性地研究现场处理技术,采用水质矩阵法对苏里格气田常用的两种体系压裂返排液的水质特性进行评价。结果表明:影响胍胶压裂返排液回用的污染物重要程度排序为钙镁离子、铁离子、悬浮物和pH值;影响可回收体系压裂返排液回用的污染物重要程度排序为悬浮物、pH值、钙镁离子和铁离子,两者差异明显。以此为基础,针对胍胶压裂返排液,提出“化学絮凝、离子控制、金属网过滤”的现场处理工艺,钙镁离子降低了83.7%,铁离子降低了79.6%,悬浮物降低了85.0%;针对可回收体系压裂返排液,提出“重力沉降、金属网过滤”的现场处理工艺,悬浮物降低了81.0%,处理后水质达到重复配液要求。     

RECYCLING INPUT DATA DURING ANALYTIC ELEMENT MODELING NEAR INDIANAPOLIS,INDIANA1

ABSTRACT: Overlapping and adjacent ground water investigations are common in areas where aquifers are threatened by industrial development. In the Indianapolis area in Marion County, Indiana, a patchwork of ground water flow models have been used during the past 20 years to evaluate ground water resources and to determine the effects of local contamination. In every case these ground water models were constructed from scratch. Site specific finite difference grids or finite element meshes inhibit the direct reuse of input data when the area of interest shifts. Because the aquifer is not discretized into a grid or mesh with analytic element models, there are unique opportunities for direct reuse of model input data. In two applications of this principle we illustrate how the newly emerging analytic element method allows a fairly straightforward reuse of model input data from previous models in the same general area. In analytic element models of Central Indiana, streams and their tributaries are represented in different resolutions. Input data items of several modeling studies are stored and cataloged on disk in such a manner that they can be selectively retrieved by a data management program PREPRO. In this manner, a new ground water model can be set up quickly with input data which have been previously defined and tested during model calibration.     

COMBINATION OF RADAR AND GAUGE DATA IN A RAINFALL ARCHIVE SYSTEM1

ABSTRACT: Near real time daily rainfall estimates for the UK are available from three sources: a sparse network of gauges, radar data, or radar data adjusted by the sparse gauges. The PARAGON rainfall archive system, which has been developed by the UK Meteorological Office, is able to produce these estimates in near real time on a 5 km grid. The ability of these estimates to reproduce the 5 km grid point field derived later from a dense network of gauges is compared using case studies. Five techniques have been used to assess the relative quality of the various estimates. There is general agreement between the results of the various techniques. For the London radar there are examples of days when the rainfall estimate was improved by incorporating radar data; conversely, there are days when the radar data make it worse. Overall little evidence was found to suggest that adjusted radar data are consistently markedly better than gauge estimates. Discriminate use of radar data is recommended.