浅谈《基础护理技术》教学

《基础护理技术》是护理学的专业基础课,它的教学范畴包括护理基本理论、基本知识和基本技能,具有很强的技术性和实用性,是所有护理专业学生学习临床护理课程的基础.该文就如何针对高职学生,讲授好《基础护理技术》,在授课流程、教学方法和设施方面进行探讨,旨在适应卫生人才市场需求,为学生走向临床奠定良好的基础.参6.     

对高职院校《医学信息检索》课教学的思考

文章针对目前高职院校《医学信息检索》课教学的教学内容、教学方法和教学设施等方面存在的问题,阐述调整优化教学内容要从正确性、适应性、针对性、新颖性的角度来思考,认为改革教学方法,改善教学设施,必将激发学生的学习兴趣,提升课程教学效果.参3.     

给水工程课程教学方法的探讨

《给水工程》是给排水工程技术专业的一门专业核心课程．根据《给水工程》课程的特点、作用,以如何培养学生更好掌握给水工程的基础理论知识、设计能力,提高学生的实践能力和综合素质为目的,探讨了《给水工程》的教学方法．参5．     

提高高职护理学基础教学质量的探讨

护理学基础是护理专业的一门主干课程,学好护理学基础对学生以后从事临床工作至关重要.因此,搞好护理学基础的教学必须从提高教师综合素质入手,结合学生的实际情况,充分做好课前准备工作,运用灵活多样的教学方法,加强实习前的培训,让学生牢固地掌握该课程的基本理论和基本技能,打好临床护理工作的基础.参4.     

高职《企业经营管理》课程教学与考试考核方法初探

根据《企业经营管理》教学经验,初步总结出《企业经营管理》课程教学与考试考核方法．认为《企业经营管理》教学应该采取灵活多样的教学方法和科学合理的考试考核方法,以达到培养集创新型、应用型和技能型于一体的企业经营管理一线的合格人才的目标．参4．     

《生药学》CAI软件的应用研究

探索了《生药学》辅助教学软件的制作,阐述了该软件制作方法,进行资料收集与整理制作,软件编制,描述了其应用特点,操作主界面简洁,按照《生药学》教学特点,编制了笔划、药用部位、科名、拉丁药名四种查询方法,不但在课堂教学中应用效果佳,而且还用于实验教学.进行CAI系统设计,动态组织教学内容,调整教学方法,加强了老师和学生之间的交互能力,实现了以学生为主体课程网络教学辅助方式.图2,参5.     

公共选修课《环境生物学》互动式教学实践

针对全校性公共选修课《环境生物学》的课程特点和选修学生特点,探讨了相应的教学方法和教学方式,提出了存在的问题与相关对策．针对学生上课状况提出了要搞好课堂气氛,将课堂与社会环境问题相结合,增加现场参观学习与社会调查等形式,以达到提高授课质量．针对学生的知识背景不一致的问题,学生人数较多不易管理问题分别提出了教学方法与方式改革的尝试,为今后取得好的教学效果提出探索性意见与方法．图1,参5．     

《中药学》教学方法的探讨与实践

根据目前《中药学》的教学实际情况、课程特点、大纲要求及职业目标,对《中药学》的教学方法进行了相关探讨与实践,为提高教学效果,使《中药学》成为易学易懂、生动有趣的课程,提出了有关建议．参6．     

浅谈非会计专业《会计学原理》课程的教学改革

针对非会计专业《会计学原理》课程的教学中存在的一些问题导致教学效果不够理想,提出了明确非会计专业会计教学的目的、教学内容、教学方法等教学改革建议.     

高职畜牧兽医专业《兽医基础》实践教学模式改革研究

高职畜牧兽医专业《兽医基础》课程实践教学是高职畜牧兽医专业教育教学过程中的主要环节和特色部分,在高职人才培养过程中有着不可替代的作用,我们应不断强化、革新《兽医基础》课程实践教学.使其在新的形势下更加科学、规范,从而促进高职畜牧兽医专业人才教育的整体发展.参7.     

Conservation and the Lure of the Garden

Abstract:  Among the conservation voices today who seek a sensible "middle ground" in remedying land-use problems are those who propose a tend-the-garden ethic in which humans would merely need to view the earth as a garden and labor to make it productive and beautiful in order to solve conservation challenges. This line of reasoning is exemplified by Michael Pollan's highly praised book, Second Nature , which supports conservation values but harshly criticizes contemporary environmental efforts, including the work of such organizations as The Nature Conservancy. Pollan's portrayal of the gardener as model conservationist is usefully compared with an important essay by Aldo Leopold from a half-century ago, "The Farmer as a Conservationist," which similarly uses a model land tender as exemplar of where conservation needs to head. Comparing the two writings reveals profound flaws in the contemporary tend-the-garden line of thought. In doing so, it usefully reveals to scientists why their efforts are so often misunderstood and resisted. The popularity of tend-the-garden reasoning illustrates how successful the environmental backlash has been in misportraying the motives and aims of serious conservationists, particularly those who seek to protect wildlife and natural habitat. In doing so, it highlights the need for conservationists to take their own ideas more seriously and to do a far better job of presenting those ideas, in coherent form, to broad audiences.     

高等农业院校学风建设现状及对策研究

通过问卷调查，本文探讨了高等农业院校学风建设存在的问题、阻碍学风建设良性发展的因素及加强学风建设的对策等问题．调研表明：高等农业院校学风建设存在学术氛围不浓、学习动力不足、考试风气不正、学习时间不够等一系列的问题，影响高等农业院校学风建设的因素很多，既有历史的原因、也有社会的原因，既有教育管理的原因、也有学生的原因，是多种因素的综合；加强高等农业院校学风建设的对策是转变教育观念、深化教学改革、完善教学管理机制、加强教风建设、发挥学生主体性作用以及营造高品位的校园文化等．     

妊娠期糖尿病的早期干预与母婴结局的相关性研究

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病的早期干预与母婴结局之间的相关性.方法回顾性分析妇幼保健院2006年1月-2009年1月住院分娩的60例妊娠期糖尿病患者,其中46例在孕中期行糖筛查/OGTT确诊为妊娠期糖尿病并给予治疗,14例在孕34周以后诊断为妊娠期糖尿病.结果在孕24-28周进行糖筛查/OGTT确诊为GDM,并接受治疗的孕妇中妊娠期高血压病、羊水过多、伤口感染发生率均明显低于在34周以后诊断并接受治疗者(P0.05);而两组剖宫产、产后出血的发生率相比差异无统计学意义.早产儿发生率前者明显低于后者(P0.05),新生儿窒息、巨大儿的发生率前者低于后者,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05).在孕24-28周进行糖筛查/OGTT确诊为GDM,并接受治疗在终止妊娠前血糖控制水平达标者早产儿巨大儿发生率明显低于在34周以后诊断并接受治疗者(P0.05),新生儿窒息的发生率低于在孕24-28周进行糖筛查/OGTT确诊为GDM,并接受治疗在终止妊娠前血糖控制水平仍未达标者,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论孕期行糖筛查/OGTT,早发现和诊断糖尿病、及时有效地控制高血糖,能减少妊娠并发症、改善母儿预后.表3,参6.     

Offsets and Conservation of the Species of the EU Habitats and Birds Directives

Biodiversity offsets are intended to achieve no net loss of biodiversity due to economic and human development. A variety of biodiversity components are addressed by offset policies. It is required that loss of protected species due to development be offset under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives in Europe. We call this type of offset a species‐equality offset because the offset pertains to the same species affected by the development project. Whether species equality can be achieved by offset design is unknown. We addressed this gap by reviewing derogation files (i.e., specific files that describe mitigation measures to ensure no net loss under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives) from 85 development projects in France (2009–2010). We collected information on type of effect (reversible vs. irreversible) and characteristics of affected and offset sites (i.e., types of species, total area). We analyzed how the type of effect and the affected‐site characteristics influenced the occurrence of offset measures. The proportion of species targeted by offset measures (i.e., offset species) increased with the irreversibility of the effect of development and the conservation status of the species affected by development (i.e., affected species). Not all effects on endangered species (International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List) were offset; on average, 82% of affected species would be offset. Twenty‐six percent of species of least concern were offset species. Thirty‐five percent of development projects considered all affected species in their offset measures. Species richness was much lower in offset sites than in developed sites even after offset proposals. For developed areas where species richness was relatively high before development, species richness at offset sites was 5–10 times lower. The species‐equality principle appears to have been applied only partially in offset policies, as in the EU directives. We suggest the application of this principle through offsets is highly important for the long‐term conservation of biodiversity in Europe. Compensaciones y Conservación de las Especies de las Directivas de Hábitats y Aves de la UE     

广东人口粮食动态模型的建立及土地生产力分析

对我省的人口发展和粮食生产进行了系统的分析和研究,结果表明广东人口将在2005年底达到8000万人,比过去人口的增长速度明显加快;而粮食生产却不容乐观,到2015年最多只能达到年产2670万t的水平,人均粮食约280 kg,比目前水平略低。从长远来考虑,我省的粮食问题将更显不足,而耕地又逐年减少,故提高土地利用率和生产水平是目前迫切需要解决的实际问题。     

刍议医院资产管理的现状及其对策

医院的固定资产和流动资产是医院赖以生存和发展的基础,是一项非经营性国有资产．目前公立医院固定资产、流动资产管理现状不容乐观,针对这种状况,首先分析问题形成的原因,然后提出管理的措施或建议,从而使资产管理工作规范化、制度化、科学化,使有限的卫生资源发挥出最大的社会效益和经济效益．参3．     

Mining of the forest and the time path of the price of timber

The paper analyzes the effect of transportation (site specific) costs and the effect of mining (depletion) of the forest on the time path of the price and of the net price of timber in two forestry models. The models differ in that one has zero costs and the other has positive costs. The analyses yield the standard mining theory results for certain cases. They also yield extentions of these results for cases with growth of the harvested trees and/or regeneration on the harvested land. The paper concludes, as one would expect, that the theory of the mine is useful in analyzing the time path of the price of timber.     

水上公园水体的水供现状及营养功能状态评价

本文论述了天津市水上公园水体的水质现状,并依据有关标准对水体的营养状态,水体的游览景 产养殖,饮水备用水源等功能进行了评价。     

洞庭湖区生态环境退化状况及其原因分析

洞庭湖居湖南省东北隅,长江荆江段南岸。湖泊形状呈近似“U”字形,岳阳站水位33.50 m时(黄海基面),湖长143.00 km,最大湖宽30.00 km,平均湖宽17.01 km,湖泊面积2625 km2;最大水深23.5 m,平均水深6.39 m,蓄水量167?08 m3。因入湖泥沙长期淤积、高洲围垦、并垸合流等自然因素和人类活动的共同影响,自清代末期以来,湖泊形态演变剧烈,湖盆抬高,入湖河流三角洲快速发育,湖面南移而缩小;现湖体已明显演变为西洞庭湖、南洞庭湖和东洞庭湖首尾相接三个部分,具有“高水湖相,低水河相”的典型特征。洞庭湖区不但是我国受洪水威胁最严重的地区之一,而且生态退化和环境问题也十分突出,一直受到国家的高度重视。文章在大量调查的基础上,对洞庭湖及其湖区的生态环境退化状况、产生原因和可能带来的负面影响等方面进行了初步分析。