芬顿试剂氧化对污泥脱水性能的影响

利用芬顿试剂调理污泥,以W_C(污泥滤饼含水率)和CST(毛细吸水时间)作为评价污泥脱水性能的指标,通过分析污泥中各层ρ(EPS)(EPS为胞外聚合物)和上清液中小分子有机物质量浓度来阐明污泥脱水性能的变化. 结果表明:芬顿试剂调理可促进EPS氧化分解,TB-EPS(紧密结合的胞外聚合物)破解转化为LB-EPS(松散结合的胞外聚合物)和S-EPS(上清液层胞外聚合物),大幅降低W_C和CST. 试验中当pH为4,w(H₂O₂)和 w(Fe2+)均为40 mg/g时,ρ(EPS)降低了33.04%,W_C和CST分别降至63.36%和28.7 s. Pearson相关性分析表明,ρ(TB-EPS)与W_C和CST均存在显著的正相关性(P＜0.01),是影响污泥脱水性能的重要因素,而ρ(LB-EPS)和ρ(S-EPS)与污泥脱水性能的相关性较低. 液相色谱分析表明,随着芬顿试剂投加量的增大,EPS等有机物分解程度增大,污泥上清液中小分子有机物种类明显增多,其质量浓度显著升高,ρ(甲酸)和ρ(乙酸)分别由原污泥的52.72、15.99 mg/L升至446.05、522.36 mg/L.      

光芬顿法处理次磷酸盐同步回收磷性能及参数研究

本研究构建了以模拟太阳光(AM 1.5,100 mW·cm^-2)为光源的光芬顿体系，研究了对化学镀镍废水中次磷酸盐(H₂PO₂^-)的氧化且同步回收磷(P)，比较了单独H₂O₂、模拟太阳光和H₂O₂联用、H₂O₂与FeSO₄联用(芬顿法)、模拟太阳光和芬顿法联用(光芬顿法)对H₂PO₂^-的氧化效果.结果表明光芬顿法效果最优，能够高效氧化H₂PO₂^-为PO₄^-的同时在一定条件下以磷酸铁(FePO₄)沉淀形式回收P.考察了不同H₂O₂浓度、H₂O₂投加次数、溶液初始pH值、...     

芬顿污泥制备磁性生物炭回用于对硝基苯酚的去除及机制

芬顿/絮凝组合工艺在处理难降解有机物废水时会产生大量的芬顿污泥,会提高废水处理成本,同时也会对环境构成威胁,迫切需要开发一种绿色可持续的方法实现芬顿污泥资源化利用.该研究通过将处理PNP(对硝基苯酚)废水产生的芬顿污泥和污水厂生化污泥共热解,原位制备具有高催化活性的MBC(磁性生物炭),并作为多相芬顿催化剂用于去除PNP,实现“以废治废”.结果表明：当芬顿污泥和生化污泥质量比为1∶1、热解温度为800℃时,制备得到的MBC-800-3催化性能最佳;合适的混合比例可有效避免颗粒聚集,高温形成缺陷结构和多种铁相,为MBC-800-3提供了丰富的反应活性位点;当废水初始pH为3、H₂O₂浓度为60 mmol/L、MBC-800-3投加量为0.4 g/L时,PNP和TOC(总有机碳)的去除率均最高,在催化反应100 min时分别达到98%和62%;酸性条件下,MBC活化H₂O₂产生·OH和·O₂-催化降解废水的有机物,其中,·OH作为主要活性物种,其来源包括均相芬顿反应和非均芬顿相反应...     

钠化氧化法回收电镀污泥中铬的试验研究

采用中温焙烧-钠化氧化法从电镀污泥中回收重金属铬,通过单因素实验确定影响回收效率的主要因素为:焙烧温度、污泥与碳酸钠之比、水浸时间、焙烧时间。采用正交实验找出最优的操作条件为焙烧温度650℃、污泥:Na2CO3为1:1、水浸时间1.0h、焙烧时间2h。试验表明回收铬的质量可达到污泥质量的8.34%,铬回收率可>90%。     

芬顿调理对含铅工业污泥电渗透脱水减量效果的影响

针对铅酸电池厂含铅工业污泥难以脱水减量的问题,利用污泥中存在的Fe²⁺进行芬顿调理预处理,探究H₂O₂添加量对后续污泥电渗透脱水减量化效果的影响。结果表明：芬顿调理预处理会打破污泥中部分絮体,使污泥黏度由18.0 mPa·s降至4.7 mPa·s,污泥中部分无机离子在脱水过程中从污泥固相体系进入滤液中,造成后续电渗透脱水剩余泥饼的含水率由82.72%降至69.34%,挥发性悬浮物含量增加约30%。相对于原始污泥直接进行脱水,采用优化的H₂O₂添加量调理污泥可促进后续的污泥电渗透脱水减量66.20%,同时污泥干基中铅含量由265.2 g/kg提高到453.6 g/kg,这有利于污泥的后续资源化利用或无害化填埋处理。

     

芬顿试剂与DDBAC联合调理污泥的工艺优化

研究了不同pH值下芬顿试剂(H2O2/Fe2+)与表面活性剂(DDBAC)联合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响,以污泥滤饼含水率(WC)和毛细吸水时间(CST)作为评价指标进行单因素试验,得出pH值以及药剂投加量最佳范围.然后通过以响应曲面优化法(RSM)为依据的Box-Behnken试验,建立了WC和CST减少率二次多项式预测模型,进而得到各影响因素的最优值.结果表明,联合调理过程中pH=3.91,H2O2、Fe2+和DDBAC的投加量分别为47.60, 38.60, 58.20mg/g时, WC降至60.26%, CST减少率升至89.89%, 污泥脱水性能明显改善.同时,在最优条件下进行了验证试验,试验结果与模型预测值基本吻合,表明基于响应曲面法所得的最佳工艺参数准确可靠,对相关污泥处理及条件优化具有一定的指导意义.     

芬顿和高锰酸钾氧化法预处理煤化工浓盐水

文章分别采用芬顿法和高锰酸钾氧化法预处理某煤化工企业反渗透浓盐水,研究了不同工艺参数对COD去除效果的影响,对比了两种方法的最优处理效果。结果表明,当H_2O_2投加量为1.0 g/L、FeSO_4·7H_2O投加量为0.7 g/L、水样pH为3.5时,芬顿反应进行2.5 h后COD去除率达到最高,为69.8%;当高锰酸钾浓度为1 g/L、水样pH为1.5时,高锰酸钾氧化法进行2.5 h后COD去除率达到最高,为48.2%。两者比较而言,芬顿法比高锰酸钾法具有更强的氧化性,更适于煤化工行业反渗透浓盐水中COD的去除。     

类芬顿调理污泥用于微生物电解池产氢与磷回收的研究

为提高微生物电解池(MEC)利用剩余污泥产氢气和磷回收的效率,采用Fe~(3+)、原儿茶酸(PCA)和H_2O_2体系预调理污泥,探究中性PCA/Fe~(3+)/H_2O_2体系的试剂投加量对污泥液相总磷含量和溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)的影响.在单因素试验的基础上,通过表面响应法(RSM)优化得到Fe~(3+)和H_2O_2投加量分别为12.96 mmol·L~(-1)和0.45 mol·L~(-1),液相总磷含量和SCOD含量实际值分别为(60.14±0.08) mg·L~(-1)和(3357.67±66.37) mg·L~(-1),模拟效果显著.与未处理的剩余污泥MEC反应器出水相比,经过调理后的剩余污泥MEC反应器出水中的总化学需氧量(TCOD)、多糖和蛋白质的去除率分别提高了30.03%、50.16%和97.31%,氢气转化率提升了1.31倍,有效提升了MEC产氢效率.通过鸟粪石结晶回收MEC污泥上清液中的磷,发现在初始pH值为10、Mg~(2+)浓度为0.056 mol·L~(-1)和NH~+_4浓度为0.08 mol·L~(-1)时效果最佳.鸟粪石晶体质量浓度最高可达7.6 g·L~(-1),晶体纯度最大为88.30%,上清液中77.55%的磷以鸟粪石的形式得到回收.在本研究最优化条件下进行中性PCA/Fe~(3+)/H_2O_2体系调理剩余污泥微生物电解池产氢与磷回收全过程中产出经济价值达到2.36元.实验研究最终表明,经过Fe~(3+)/PCA/H_2O_2体系调理污泥可促进污泥中磷的释放和MEC处理污泥的产氢效率,为探究污泥资源化提供了新的研究思路.     

污泥灰渣煅烧过程重金属氯化脱除特性研究

市政污泥中含有丰富的磷资源，焚烧能实现污泥中磷的富集，但灰渣中重金属的潜在环境风险大大限制了其实际应用。文章以CaCl₂为氯化剂，研究不同煅烧温度(800～1 000℃)下，CaCl₂添加量对富磷灰渣中重金属Zn、Cu脱除的影响，以及煅烧对富磷灰渣磷的固定和磷形态转化的影响。结果表明，CaCl₂能有效促进煅烧过程重金属Zn、Cu的脱除，且温度越高，CaCl₂的添加对Zn、Cu的脱除越有效。CaCl₂添加量为0时，重金属Zn、Cu的脱除率均低于5%，当CaCl₂的添加量从0增加到50 g Cl/kg SSA时，Zn、Cu的脱除率分别提高到97.8%和83.4%(1 000℃时)。相比原污泥，煅烧后富磷灰渣中重金属Zn、Cu的浸出浓度大幅降低，残渣态和可氧化态占比增加，具有较低的生态环境风险。800～1 000℃条件下，富磷灰渣中磷的固定率皆在90%以上，且CaCl₂的加入促进了富磷灰渣中非磷灰石无机磷(NAIP)向AP磷形态的完全转化，...     

基于部分湿式氧化法的污泥资源化研究

介绍了部分湿式氧化法的基本原理,指出COD去除率是判断是否部分湿式氧化的重要指标。用高压反应釜进行污泥处理,在一定的温度、压力和适合氧气量的条件下,考察了COD去除率、有机物降解率、pH值、过滤性能等随反应时间的变化。试验结果表明,通过控制反应时间,可以实现污泥的部分湿式氧化。考察了污泥经过部分湿式氧化后产物的性质,包括颗粒分布、有机物含量、养分含量和重金属等项目,分析结果表明,产物具有良好的资源化前景。     

Feasibility of bioleaching combined with Fenton oxidation to improve sewage sludge dewaterability

A novel joint method of bioleaching with Fenton oxidation was applied to condition sewage sludge. The specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and moisture of sludge cake (MSC) were adopted to evaluate the improvement of sludge dewaterability. After 2-day bioleaching, the sludge pH dropped to about 2.5 which satisfied the acidic condition for Fenton oxidation. Meanwhile, the SRF declined from 6.45 × 10¹⁰ to 2.07 × 10¹⁰ s²/g, and MSC decreased from 91.42% to 87.66%. The bioleached sludge was further conditionedwith Fenton oxidation. From an economical point of view, the optimal dosages of H₂O₂ and Fe2+ were 0.12 and 0.036 mol/L, respectively, and the optimal reaction time was 60 min. Under optimal conditions, SRF, volatile solids reduction, and MSC were 3.43 × 10⁸ s²/g, 36.93%, and 79.58%, respectively. The stability and settleability of sewage sludge were both improved significantly. Besides, the results indicated that bioleaching-Fenton oxidation was more efficient in dewatering the sewage sludge than traditional Fenton oxidation. The sludge conditioningmechanisms by bioleaching-Fenton oxidationmight mainly include the flocculation effects and the releases of extracellular polymeric substances-bound water and intercellular water.     

Feasibility of bioleaching combined with Fenton oxidation to improve sewage sludge dewaterability

A novel joint method of bioleaching with Fenton oxidation was applied to condition sewage sludge. The specific resistance to filtration(SRF) and moisture of sludge cake(MSC) were adopted to evaluate the improvement of sludge dewaterability. After 2-day bioleaching, the sludge p H dropped to about 2.5 which satisfied the acidic condition for Fenton oxidation.Meanwhile, the SRF declined from 6.45 × 1010 to 2.07 × 1010s2/g, and MSC decreased from91.42% to 87.66%. The bioleached sludge was further conditioned with Fenton oxidation. From an economical point of view, the optimal dosages of H2O2 and Fe2+were 0.12 and 0.036 mol/L,respectively, and the optimal reaction time was 60 min. Under optimal conditions, SRF,volatile solids reduction, and MSC were 3.43 × 108s2/g, 36.93%, and 79.58%, respectively. The stability and settleability of sewage sludge were both improved significantly. Besides,the results indicated that bioleaching-Fenton oxidation was more efficient in dewatering the sewage sludge than traditional Fenton oxidation. The sludge conditioning mechanisms by bioleaching-Fenton oxidation might mainly include the flocculation effects and the releases of extracellular polymeric substances–bound water and intercellular water.     

Feasibility of bioleaching combined with Fenton oxidation to improve sewage sludge dewaterability

A novel joint method of bioleaching with Fenton oxidation was applied to condition sewage sludge. The specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and moisture of sludge cake (MSC) were adopted to evaluate the improvement of sludge dewaterability. After 2-day bioleaching, the sludge pH dropped to about 2.5 which satisfied the acidic condition for Fenton oxidation. Meanwhile, the SRF declined from 6.45 × 10¹⁰ to 2.07 × 10¹⁰ s²/g, and MSC decreased from 91.42% to 87.66%. The bioleached sludge was further conditioned with Fenton oxidation. From an economical point of view, the optimal dosages of H₂O₂ and Fe^2 + were 0.12 and 0.036 mol/L, respectively, and the optimal reaction time was 60 min. Under optimal conditions, SRF, volatile solids reduction, and MSC were 3.43 × 10⁸ s²/g, 36.93%, and 79.58%, respectively. The stability and settleability of sewage sludge were both improved significantly. Besides, the results indicated that bioleaching-Fenton oxidation was more efficient in dewatering the sewage sludge than traditional Fenton oxidation. The sludge conditioning mechanisms by bioleaching-Fenton oxidation might mainly include the flocculation effects and the releases of extracellular polymeric substances–bound water and intercellular water.     

污泥灰渣中重金属煅烧脱除规律研究及安全性评价

污泥目前被认为是磷酸盐矿的二次资源,焚烧处理可实现污泥中磷资源的浓缩富集,但其中重金属毒性问题尚待解决.该文以污泥焚烧灰渣为研究对象,利用马弗炉进行煅烧实验,通过改变反应时间(从10 min到60 min)、温度(从900℃到1200℃)及CaCl2的添加量(以Cl计,从1.5%到8.0%)研究重金属(Pb、Zn和Cu)的去除率及在煅烧灰渣中的赋存形态.结果表明:Pb有较高的去除率,且其去除率均随温度、时间及Cl含量的升高而升高,在1200℃、Cl含量为5.0%的时候有最大值为82.4%;Zn的去除率受温度的影响较大,高温时Zn有较高的去除率,且在1100℃时有最大值为83.9%;Cu的去除率较低,而在温度为1100℃时有最大的去除率为68.2%.就煅烧灰渣中重金属的赋存形态而言,各种工况下Pb在煅烧灰渣中均以残渣态存在;Zn在煅烧灰渣中主要也是以残渣态存在;Cu在煅烧后还存在一定的酸溶态,在900℃、煅烧10min时煅烧灰渣中酸溶态可达29.2%.增加CaCl2的添加量可以促进重金属的去除,同时使煅烧底渣中的重金属更稳定.地累积指数(Igeo)评价结果显示,煅烧底渣中的这3种重金属的污染程度都降低了.     

Fenton氧化处理剩余污泥的作用机制

大量集中式城市生活污水处理厂的建设,减轻了水体污染;但是,产生的大量城市污泥的处理处置又成为污水处理面临的另一个瓶颈难题。各种物理、化学、生物等方法被应用于污泥处理,高级氧化技术-Fenton氧化在剩余污泥的处理中逐渐受到研究者的重视。文章重点介绍了Fenton氧化在剩余污泥处理中的作用机制,分析了Fenton氧化处理剩余污泥的主要影响因素;并根据Fenton氧化剩余污泥处理优势,对其今后的应用进行了展望。     

Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液研究进展

常规处理方法难以将垃圾渗滤液中的有毒有害污染物彻底降解去除,需要高级氧化技术对其做进一步处理,Fenton法及其衍生方法处理垃圾渗滤液是具有竞争力的。围绕Fenton法及其衍生的相关方法处理垃圾渗滤液的原理、处理效果和技术发展,综述了该技术的最新研究进展,追踪其发展历史、关键技术步骤和最新技术应用动态;对比分析不同衍生处理方法的优缺点。基于不同垃圾渗滤液以及相应的最优工艺条件,综合考虑安全、经济可行和高去除率等问题,指出复合型以及与其他工艺联用的处理方法具有较好的处理效果和应用价值。对Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液的应用前景和重点研究方向进行了展望,以期为该方法在处理垃圾渗滤液中的技术研发和推广应用提供参考。     

Formation and transformation of schwertmannite in the classic Fenton process

The massive amount of sludge generated by the classic Fenton process, which has often been hypothesized to consist of ferric hydroxide, remains a major obstacle to its large-scale application. Therefore, reutilization of Fenton sludge has recently gained more attention.Understanding the formation, transformation, and properties of Fenton sludge combined with the stages of the Fenton reaction is pivotal, but not well illustrated yet. In this study,SEM-EDS, FT-IR, XRD, and XPS were applied to study the morphology, crystallinity,elemental composition, and valence state of Fenton sludge. The authors report that schwertmannite and 2-line ferrihydrite were generated and transformed in the oxidation phase and the neutralization phase of the Fenton process. SO_4~(2-) in the solution decreased by8.7%–26.0% at different molar ratios of Fe(II) to H_2 O_2; meanwhile, iron ion precipitated completely at pH 3.70 with the formation of schwertmannite containing sulfate groups in the Fenton sludge. The structural sulfate(Fe-SO_4) in schwertmannite was released from the precipitate with the addition of OH-, and the production of Fenton sludge decreased with increasing pH when pH 3.70. Goethite was found to form when the final p H was adjusted to 12 or at a reaction temperature of 80°C. Moreover, the possible thermal transformation to goethite and hematite indicated that Fenton sludge can be reused as a raw material for synthesizing more stable iron(hydro)oxides. The results provide useful insights into the formation and transformation of Fenton sludge, with implications for regulating the crystal type of Fenton sludge for further reuse.     

基于酸化与Fenton试剂处理的焦化污泥脱水过程及其重金属迁移研究

焦化废水污泥作为典型的危险废物,含有氰类、酚类、稠环芳烃与多环芳烃等有毒成分,严重影响人类健康与生态环境安全,焦化污泥减量化是其处理处置中重要一环.针对焦化废水污泥高有机物、高油含量特点,采用酸化+Fenton试剂进行复合调理改性,改性后污泥毛细吸水时间(Capillary Suction Time,CST)、比阻(Specific Resistance to Filtration,SRF)分别达到51.2 s和0.043×10¹³ m·kg^-1,药剂投加量通过响应表面法(Response Surface Method,RSM)进行优化,在实验室板框脱水实验中得到30%硫酸投加量为37.8 mL·L^-1,FeSO₄、H₂O₂和生石灰投加量分别为47.93、34.29和143.21 mg·g^-1DS时,脱水后泥饼含水率为55.82%,滤液pH为6.66,达到污泥深度脱水目标.采用酸化+Fenton试剂复合处理可使焦化废水污泥有效减量化,其良好的深度脱水效果能为后续的无害化处置奠定基础,并有效降低处置费用.     

Fenton氧化技术在废水处理方面的应用

Fenton氧化技术是高级氧化技术的一种,是处理难降解的废水是常用的技术之一。本文对Fenton氧化技术原理和影响因素进行分析,并对Fenton氧化技术在电镀废水、染料废水、造纸废水中的应用进行了研究。