共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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小城镇和农村污水处理与资源化技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了小城镇和农村污水主要采用的小型装置和生态系统两方面的处理技术.分别描述了小型装置中UASB、SBR、生物滤池、化粪池处理技术和生态系统中人工湿地、绿色生态滤池在小城镇和农村污水处理中的应用.最后进一步对小型装置和生态系统两种处理技术进行比较分析,提出在中国小城镇和农村用人工湿地进行污水处理、综合利用和无害化排放技术为今后的发展方向. 相似文献
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人工湿地数学模型模拟与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
人工湿地生态系统具有投资低、出水水质好、抗冲击力强、增加绿地面积和操作简单等优点,在国外得到了较好应用.综述了人工湿地净化技术及湿地模型的研究进展,重点介绍了国外已经成功验证与应用的3种人工湿地模型的开发情况.同时应用某人工湿地的实测数据,通过对模型的验证和率定,表明模型在评估湿地功能和优化设计上的实用性.最后,对人工湿地模拟模型的应用前景及存在问题进行了评述. 相似文献
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芦苇人工湿地在环境保护中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
叙述了芦苇人工湿地污水处理技术的分类、特点及其在国内外的研究与应用进展。介绍了复合式芦苇湿地、新型芦苇床填料等相关的新技术,指出系统的堵塞和芦苇的衰退等问题是进一步发展芦苇湿地亟待解决的问题。 相似文献
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湿地植物齿果酸模对猪场废水净化作用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了选择对养殖业废水有较强耐污及净化能力的湿地植物,提高人工湿地对养殖业废水处理效果,采用基质栽培法对耐寒植物齿果酸模在猪场废水中的生长特性及其对氮、磷的去除效果进行了研究。结果表明,该植物在氨氮浓度150mg/L左右的废水中长势良好,单株植物的生物量干重达到148.7g,其氮、磷积累量分别为4.55g和0.50g,在单株处理水量为9L,水力停留时间7d时,齿果酸模对废水中氨氮、总氮、总磷及化学需氧量的平均去除率都在70%以上。可见,齿果酸模对猪场废水有较强的耐污能力和较好的净化效果,可用于人工湿地处理养殖业废水。 相似文献
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人工湿地系统微生物去除污染物的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
人工湿地污水处理系统具有净化效果显著、建设和运行费用低廉、管理简便等优点,近年来越来越受到人们的重视。人工湿地是利用介质、植物和微生物构成的复合系统来处理污水。微生物在人工湿地系统净化污水过程中发挥着重要作用。介绍了人工湿地系统中微生物去除污染物的研究进展,重点讨论了人工湿地对污染物和特殊有机污染物的去除以及系统基质中微生物的种群和活性等内容,并结合我国研究现状展望了该领域的研究前景。人工湿地系统微生物对污染物去除将成为人工湿地生态系统服务功能评价、人工湿地生态系统健康与稳定的诊断的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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人工湿地植物对重金属铅的抗性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着含铅废水污染引起的生态安全问题日益加重,以及处理要求的日益严格,含铅废水的处理已成为目前研究和工程实践的重点。由于植物修复技术操作管理方便,成本低廉,处理效率高和选择性强等优点,植物修复已成为处理含铅废水的较有潜力的和行之有效的优化技术。实验参照水体重金属污染现状,模拟设置不同铅浓度的水体,通过盆栽水培实验及实验室分析测试,分别研究了重金属铅对芦苇、香蒲、鸭跖草这3种植物生长的影响、分析各种植物对铅的抗性的表现及重金属在植物体内的积累和分布,为人工湿地植物的选择提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Long-term efficiency and stability of wetlands for treating wastewater of a lead/zinc mine and the concurrent ecosystem development 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yang B Lan CY Yang CS Liao WB Chang H Shu WS 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,143(3):499-512
A constructed wetland system in Guangdong Province, South of China has been used for treating Pb/Zn mine discharge since 1985. The performance in the purification of the mine discharge and the concurrent ecosystem development within the system during the period of 1985-2000 has been studied. The untreated wastewater contained rather high concentrations of cadmium (Cd) (0.05 mg L(-1)), lead (Pb) (11.5 mg L(-1)), and zinc (Zn) (14.5 mg L(-1)), which greatly exceed the upper limits for industrial wastewater discharge in China. The constructed wetland system effectively removed Cd by 94.00%, Pb by 99.04%, Zn by 97.30%, and total suspended solids (TSS) by 98.95% from the mine discharge over a long period (over 16 years) leading to significant improvement in water quality; it was also found that there were no significantly annual or monthly variations in pH values, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn concentrations in water collected from the outlet of the wetland. Moreover, diversity and abundance of living organisms, including protozoan, higher plants, terrestrial animals, and birds, increased gradually. The 16-year monitoring results showed a reciprocal relationship, at a certain extent, between restoration of the wetland ecosystem, in other words, the maturity of the wetland, and the long-term efficiency and stability on purifying heavy metal-contaminated wastewater. 相似文献
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高盐工业废水人工湿地处理中植物的筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过人工湿地中试实验,考察了芦苇、睡莲、水葱、狭叶香蒲和宽叶香蒲水生植物单元对经生化处理的石油和精细化工工业区的工业废水中盐含量较高、氮磷营养盐含量较低和化学需氧量(COD)含量较高的废水中污染物的去除情况,研究了在植物不同生长阶段系统中COD的去除同盐度之间的关系,探讨了盐度差异对植物生长状况的影响,为确定人工湿地适合的进水盐度,达到有效去除高含盐量工业废水中有机污染物提供依据。结果表明,芦苇、睡莲和狭叶香蒲3种植物单元内高含盐量工业废水中污染物的净化效果较水葱和宽叶香蒲单元的净化效果好:前3种植物单元内COD、生化需氧量(BOD)和总磷(TP)的去除率大约在38%、55%和62%左右,而水葱和宽叶香蒲2种植物单元内COD、BOD和TP的去除率大约在30%、36%和52%左右;系统中各个单元内总氮(TN)去除率都在85%以上。在植物的不同生长阶段,人工湿地系统中氯离子浓度与COD浓度之间的相关性存在差异:植物生长初期,系统中氯离子浓度与系统中COD浓度之间无显著相关性,而在植物生长旺期和末期,两者则成正相关关系。因此,需根据植物的生长阶段调整人工湿地的进水盐度。 相似文献
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本文简述了污水处理方法的概况,全面论述了人工湿地系统这一处理污水新模式的发展、工艺、基本原理。提出了设计的一般过程,结合实例说明了该系统投资省、运行费用低以及良好效果。通过总结该系统的一般特征,展示了该系统在处理污水方面具有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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Macrophyte growth in a pilot-scale constructed wetland for industrial wastewater treatment 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
A pilot-scale wetland was constructed to assess the feasibility of treating the wastewater from a tool industry in Santo Tomé, Santa Fe, Argentina. The wastewater had high conductivity and pH, and contained Cr, Ni and Zn. This paper describes the growth of vegetation in the experimental wetland and the nutrient and metal removal. The wetland was 6 x 3 x 0.4 m. Water discharge was 1000 l d(-1) and residence time was 7d. After the wetland was rendered impermeable, macrophytes from Middle Paraná River floodplain were transplanted. Influent and effluent quality was analyzed every 15 d. TP, Cr, Ni and Zn concentrations in leaves, roots and sediment (inlet and outlet) were measured monthly. Cover and biomass of predominant species were estimated. Also, greenhouse experiments were carried out to measure the effects of conductivity and pH on floating species. The variables measured in the influent were significantly higher than those in the effluent, except for HCO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+). TP and metal concentrations in sediment at the inlet were significantly higher than those at the outlet. Conductivity and pH of the incoming wastewater were toxic for the floating species. Typha domingensis displaced the other species and reached positive relative cover rate and biomass greater than those at the undisturbed natural environment. T. domingensis proved to be highly efficient for the treatment of wastewater. For that reason, it is the advisable species for the treatment of wastewater of high conductivity and pH enriched with metals, characteristic of many industrial processes. 相似文献